ISO 13379-1

Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems — Data interpretation and diagnostics techniques — Part 1: General guidelines

This part of ISO 13379 gives guidelines for the data interpretation and diagnostics of machines. It is intended to — allow the users and manufacturers of condition monitoring and diagnostics systems to share common concepts in the fields of machine diagnostics; — enable users to prepare the necessary technical characteristics that are used for the further diagnosis of the condition of the machine; — give an appropriate approach to achieve a diagnosis of machine faults. Since these are general guidelines, a list of the machine types addressed is not included. However, the machine sets covered by this part of ISO 13379 normally include industrial machines such as turbines, compressors, pumps, generators, electrical motors, blowers, gearboxes, and fans.

Surveillance et diagnostic de l'état des systèmes de machines — Interprétation des données et techniques de diagnostic — Partie 1: Lignes directrices générales

La présente partie de l'ISO 13379 fournit des lignes directrices pour l'interprétation des données et le diagnostic des machines. Elle est destinée à: — permettre aux utilisateurs et aux fabricants de systèmes de surveillance et de diagnostic de partager des concepts communs dans le domaine du diagnostic des machines; — permettre aux utilisateurs de préparer les caractéristiques techniques nécessaires qui sont utilisées ultérieurement pour le diagnostic de l'état de la machine; — donner une méthode appropriée pour obtenir un diagnostic des défauts de la machine. Étant donné qu'il s'agit de lignes directrices générales, une liste des types de machines concernées n'est pas incluse. Toutefois, les groupes de machines couverts par la présente partie de l'ISO 13379 comprennent normalement les machines industrielles telles que les turbines, les compresseurs, les pompes, les générateurs, les moteurs électriques, les soufflantes, les boîtes d'engrenages et les ventilateurs.

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 17.160 - Vibrations, shock and vibration measurements
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 108/SC 5 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 108/SC 5 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Start Date: 02-Sep-2025
• Completion Date: 13-Sep-2025

Relations

• Revises: ISO 13379-1:2012 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Data interpretation and diagnostics techniques — Part 1: General guidelines
• Effective Date: 28-Oct-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 13379-1
ISO/TC 108/SC 5
Condition monitoring and
Secretariat: SA
diagnostics of machine systems —
Voting begins on:
Data interpretation and diagnostics
2025-07-07
techniques —
Voting terminates on:
2025-09-01
Part 1:
General guidelines
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 13379-1
ISO/TC 108/SC 5
Condition monitoring and
Secretariat: SA
diagnostics of machine systems —
Voting begins on:
Data interpretation and diagnostics
techniques —
Voting terminates on:
Part 1:
General guidelines
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Diagnostics and its relation to condition monitoring . 2
5 Requirements to set-up condition monitoring and diagnostics. 3
5.1 General .3
5.2 Establishing diagnostics needs .3
5.3 Failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) .4
5.3.1 General .4
5.3.2 Usage guidance .4
5.3.3 Rating guidance . .5
5.3.4 Assessing FMSA results using a monitoring priority number (MPN) .6
5.3.5 Assessing FMSA results using a diagram .7
5.4 Diagnostics requirements report .8
6 Elements used for diagnostics . 8
6.1 Condition monitoring data . .8
6.1.1 Parameters and measurements .8
6.1.2 Descriptors .9
6.1.3 Symptoms .9
6.1.4 Fault .10
6.2 Machine system data . .11
6.3 Maintenance data and events related to the machine system .11
7 Diagnostic approaches and models .11
7.1 Definition of diagnostic approaches .11
7.2 General guidelines for developing a diagnostic model . 12
7.3 Data-driven approach . . 13
7.3.1 General . 13
7.3.2 Building the model .14
7.3.3 Strengths and weaknesses .14
7.4 Knowledge-based approach. 15
7.4.1 Fault-symptom diagnostics . 15
7.4.2 Causal trees .16
7.4.3 First-principle models . .18
7.5 Confidence factor determination .19
Annex A (informative) Example of diagnostic report .20
Annex B (informative) Failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) worksheet .23
Annex C (informative) Examples of ratings used for failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) .25
Annex D (informative) Effectiveness of the diagnostics system.26
Annex E (informative) Description of selected methods used to build diagnostic models .28
Annex F (informative) Overview of diagnostic model applicability by monitoring technique .35
Annex G (informative) Example of bearing spalling modelled with a causal tree .36
Annex H (informative) Example of diagnosis confidence level determination .38
Bibliography .39

iii
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition
monitoring, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems.
This second edition of ISO 13379-1 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13379-1:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes are as follows:
— the Scope of the document has been extended by the addition of Clause 1 c);
— Clause 4 has been added to outline recommended steps to perform diagnostics;
— new methods for assessing the failure mode symptoms analysis have been added, see 5.3.4 and 5.3.5;
— new examples and descriptions of elements used for diagnostics have been added in Clause 6;
— information provided in 7.1, 7.3 and Annexes E and F has been updated to reflect the state of the art;
— descriptions of data-driven methods have been moved to (informative) Annex E;
A list of all parts in the ISO 13379 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Introduction
Effective management of machine systems throughout their life cycles requires maintaining their
performance, reliability and availability. One of the key strategies to support this objective is condition
monitoring, which provides information on the state of the machine system.
Condition monitoring serves two principal roles:
a) to identify trends that indicate the remaining useful life of the machine system, deterioration of its
performance or increased risk of failures; and
b) to detect nonconformities, referred to as anomalies in the context of condition monitoring, by identifying
devia
...

ISO TC 108/SC 5
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
ISO/TC 108/SC 5
Secretariat: SA
First edition
Date: 2025-06-03
Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems — Data
interpretation and diagnosticdiagnostics techniques —
Part 1:
General guidelines
Surveillance et diagnostic d'état des systèmes de machines — Interprétation des données et techniques
de diagnostic — Partie 1: Lignes directrices générales

Copyright notice
ThisFDIS stage
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
© ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted under 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the applicable lawscontext of the user's country, neither
its implementation, no part of this ISO draft nor any extract from itpublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic, or mechanical, including
photocopying, recording or otherwiseor posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission being
secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to . Permission can be requested from either ISO at the
address below or ISO'sISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-12111214 Vernier, Geneva 20
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
Published in Switzerland
© ISO 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Diagnostics and its relation to condition monitoring . 2
5 Requirements to set-up condition monitoring and diagnostics . 3
5.1 General. 3
5.2 Establishing diagnostics needs . 3
5.3 Failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) . 5
5.4 Diagnostics requirements report. 9
6 Elements used for diagnostics . 10
6.1 Condition monitoring data . 10
6.2 Machine system data . 12
6.3 Maintenance data and events related to the machine system . 13
7 Diagnostic approaches and models . 13
7.1 Definition of diagnostic approaches . 13
7.2 General guidelines for developing a diagnostic model . 13
7.3 Data-driven approach . 15
7.4 Knowledge-based approach . 17
7.5 Confidence factor determination . 21
Annex A (informative) Example of diagnostic report . 23
Annex B (informative) Failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) worksheet . 26
Annex C (informative) Examples of ratings used for failure mode symptoms analysis (FMSA) . 28
Annex D (informative) Effectiveness of the diagnostics system . 30
Annex E (informative) Description of selected methods used to build diagnostic models. 32
Annex F (informative) Overview of diagnostic model applicability by monitoring technique . 40
Annex G (informative) Example of bearing spalling modelled with a causal tree . 41
Annex H (informative) Example of diagnosis confidence level determination . 43
Bibliography . 44

iv Error! Reference source not found.
iv
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition
monitoring, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems.
This second edition of ISO 13379-1 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13379-1:2012,), which has been
technically revised. The main changes are as follows:
— — the scopeScope of the document has been extended by the addition of 11 c);
— 4— Clause 4 has been added to outline recommended steps to perform diagnostics;
— — new methods for assessing the failure mode symptoms analysis have been added, see 5.3.45.3.4 and
5.3.55.3.5;;
— — new examples and descriptions of elements used for diagnostics have been added in 6Clause 6;;
— — information provided in 7.17.1, 7.3, 7.3 and Annexes EAnnexes E and FF has been updated to reflect
the state of the art;
— — descriptions of data-driven methods have been moved to (informative) Annex EAnnex E;;
A list of all parts in the ISO 13379 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2025 – All rights reserved
v
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
Introduction
Effective management of machine systems throughout their life cycles requires maintaining their
performance, reliability and availability. One of the key strategies to support this objective is condition
monitoring, which provides information on the state of the machine system.
Condition monitoring serves two principal roles:
a) a) to identify trends that indicate the remaining useful life of the machine system, deterioration of its
performance or increased risk of failures; and
b) b) to detect nonconformities, referred to as anomalies in the context of condition monitoring, by
identifying deviations from baseline values or expected operating conditions. Such deviations, when
compared against predefined criteria, can result in alarms.
Once an anomaly has been detected, it is often needed to identify its cause(s). Identifying the cause(s) of the
anomaly is referred to as diagnostics and supports the determination of appropriate corrective actions.
Stakeholders typically expect a certain level of accuracy in diagnostics, as its output — a diagnosis — can
directly influence machine system operation, maintenance planning and resource allocation. This document
supports users in developing diagnostic procedures and models, and in evaluating their confidence level,
applicability and limitations.
vi Error! Reference source not found.
vi
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)

Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems — Data
interpretation and diagnosticdiagnostics techniques — Part 1:
General guidelines
Part 1:
General guidelines
1 Scope
This document
a) a) establishes common concepts for condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems,
simplifying communication between the users and manufacturers of condition monitoring and
diagnostics systems;
b) b) establishes technical characteristics and describes principles that should be used for condition
monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems;
c) c) gives guidance on developing condition monitoring and diagnostics systems; and
d) d) gives guidance on selecting an appropriate diagnostic approach in the particular application.
This document is applicable to any machine system whose state can be described by measuring or observing
its operational parameters (or inputs) and responses (or outputs).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vocabulary
ISO 13381-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems — Prognostics — Part 1: General
guidelines
ISO 17359, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — General guidelines
IEC 60812, Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13372 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
ISO/FDIS 13379-1:2025(en)
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org
3.1 3.1
confidence level
figure of merit, e.g. percentage, that indicates the degree of certainty that the diagnosis or prognosis is correct.
Note 1 to entry: This figure essentially represents the cumulative effect of error sources on the final certainty or
confidence in the accuracy of the outcome. Such a figure can be determined algorithmically or via a weighted assessment
system.
[SOURCE: ISO 13381-1:2025,:—, 3.3, modified by adding ‘or’ and removing parentheses]
3.2 3.2
diagnostic approach
methodology used to perform diagnostics, typically by analysing observed or simulated data (data-driven
approach) or by explicitly representing fault or system behaviour (knowledge-based approach).
3.3 3.3
diagnostic model
mathematical or logical construct used to identify, analyse or interpret data and information for the purpose
of supporting diagnostics
4 Diagnostics and its relation to condition monitoring
Condition monitoring involves continuous or scheduled measurement of machine system parameters,
processing these measurements into data and information, and often the presentation and storage of the
processed data and information. Diagnostics is generally triggered by detecting an anomaly during routine
condition monitoring, routine analysis, random analysis or human perception. This detection is carried out by
making a comparison between the present descriptors of a machine system and baseline (also called baseline
values or reference sets) chosen from experience, from the manufacturer's specifications, from commissioning
tests or computed from statistical information (e.g. long-term averag
...