SIST IEC 60481:1997

Coupling devices for power line carrier systems

Applies to coupling devices for power line carrier (PLC) systems which are connected between the coupling capacitor(s) and the carrier-frequency connection to the PLC terminal and gives requirements for safety, protection, isolation and carrier-frequency.

Groupes de couplage pour systèmes à courants porteurs sur lignes d'énergie

S'applique aux groupes de couplage pour liaisons à courants porteurs sur lignes d'énergie (CPL), qui sont placés entre le(s) condensateur(s) de couplage et le circuit de raccordement à l'équipement CPL, et contient des prescriptions concernant la sécurité, la protection, l'isolement et les fréquences porteuses.

Coupling devices for power line carrier systems

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-1997
• ICS: 29.240.20 - Power transmission and distribution lines
• Technical Committee: PSE - Power systems management
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Aug-1997
• Due Date: 01-Aug-1997
• Completion Date: 01-Aug-1997
• Ref Project: IEC 60264-4-1:1997 - Packaging of winding wires - Part 4-1: Methods of test - Delivery spools made from thermoplastic materials

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST IEC 60481:1997
01-avgust-1997
Coupling devices for power line carrier systems
Coupling devices for power line carrier systems
Groupes de couplage pour systèmes à courants porteurs sur lignes d'énergie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC 60481
ICS:
29.240.20 Daljnovodi Power transmission and
distribution lines
SIST IEC 60481:1997 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST IEC 60481:1997

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
481
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1974
Groupes de couplage pour systèmes
à courants porteurs sur lignes d'énergie
Coupling devices for power line
carrier systems
© CEI 1974 Droits de reproduction réservés — Copyright — all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro- any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher.
Bureau Central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 3, rue de Varembé
Genève, Suisse
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale CODE PRIX
International Electrotechnical Commission
PRICE CODE IVI
IEC
Me»wyHapopHaa 3netcrporexHH4ecKan iiomucci R
•
• Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST IEC 60481:1997
— 3 —
CONTENTS
Page
5
FOREWORD
PREFACE 5
SECTION ONE — GENERAL
Clause
7
1. Scope
7
2. Object
Service conditions 7
3.
SECTION Two — DEFINITIONS
4. Methods of coupling 9
5. Coupling device 9
Communication terms for coupling devices 9
6.
SECTION THREE — REQUIREMENTS
11
7. Safety and protection requirements of the coupling device
13
8. Insulation requirements
9. Carrier-frequency requirements 13
SECTION FOUR — RATING PLATE
Rating plate of the coupling device 15
10.
SECTION FIVE — TESTS
15
11. General conditions
17
12. Type tests
19
13. Sampling tests
19
14. Routine tests
FIGURES 20

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
— 5 —
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
COUPLING DEVICES FOR POWER LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the I EC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all the National
1)
Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion
on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt the text of
the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any divergence between the IEC
recommendations and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
PREFACE
This recommendation has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 57, Power Line Carrier Systems.
It is based on a report of CIGRE Study Committee No. 14, dated May 1968.
Drafts were discussed at the meetings held in Zurich in 1971 and in Athens in 1972. As a result of this latter
meeting, a new draft, document 57(Central Office)8, was submitted to the National Committees for approval
under the Six Months' Rule in March 1973.
The following countries voted explicitly in favour of publication:
Australia Norway
Austria Poland
Belgium Romania
Czechoslovakia Spain
Denmark Sweden
Switzerland
Finland
France Turkey
Germany Union of Soviet
Israel Socialist Republics
Italy United Kingdom
Japan United States
Korea (Republic of) of America

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
— 7 —
COUPLING DEVICES FOR POWER LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS
SECTION ONE — GENERAL
1. Scope
This recommendation applies to coupling devices for power line carrier (PLC) systems which are connected
between the coupling capacitor(s) and the carrier-frequency connection to the PLC terminal (or to a similar coupling
device, directly or via additional equipment, in the case of retransmission).
The coupling device, in conjunction with the coupling capacitor(s) ensures:
a) the efficient transmission of carrier-frequency signals between the carrier-frequency connection and the
power line;
the safety of personnel and the protection of the low-voltage parts of the installation against the effects of
b)
the power-frequency voltage and transient overvoltages.
This recommendation also applies to coupling devices used in conjunction with PLC systems which are required
to operate over power cables.
2. Object
The object of this recommendation is to establish definitions, requirements, methods of testing and rated values
for coupling devices.
3. Service conditions
This recommendation gives detailed requirements for use under the following conditions.
3.1 Standard conditions
The standard conditions shall be those for outdoor service. Coupling devices shall be capable of their function
whether exposed to sunshine, rain, fog, hail, frost, snow, ice, etc.
3.2 Altitude
The height above sea level shall not exceed 1 000 m.
3.3 Ambient temperature
Unless otherwise agreed between manufacturer and purchaser, the ambient temperature shall be between —25 °C
and +40 °C and shall not exceed the following limits:
+30 °C for the daily average,
+20 °C for the annual average.
3.4 Power frequency
Power systems shall have a rated frequency between zero (d.c.) and 60 Hz inclusive.
3.5 Operating voltage
The rated operating voltage of the power line shall be not less than 1 000 V.
Provision for unusual service conditions
3.6
In all cases where the above conditions are not met and severe atmospheric conditions such as salt spray and
industrial pollution are to be expected, special arrangements should be made between manufacturer and purchaser.

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
-9
SECTION TWO — DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this recommendation, the following definitions apply.
4. Methods of coupling
Coupling is usually effected to one or more phase conductors of the power line (poles in the case of a d.c. power
line), phase-to-earth and phase-to-phase being the most common forms of coupling. Coupling to all three phases
of a circuit may be required in certain cases. Coupling to one or more associated insulated earth-wire conductors
is also employed.
4.1 Phase-to-earth coupling
la
Coupling to the power line effected between the conductor(s) of one phase of the line and earth (see Figures
and 2, pages 20 and 22).
4.2 Phase-to-phase coupling
Coupling to the power line effected between the conductor(s) of one phase and the conductor(s) of another
page 21). The two phases may belong to the same circuit or
phase of the same line (see Figures lb and 1 e,
to different circuits of the power line (intercircuit coupling).
Note. — Coupling between individual conductors of a phase bundle is a special application.
5. Coupling device
An arrangement of elements which contribute to ensure, together with one or more associated coupling capacitors,
the transmission, under prescribed conditions, of carrier-frequency signals between one or more conductors of
the power line and the carrier-frequency connection (see Figures 1 and 2).
These elements, alone or together, contribute to all, or part of, the following functions:
Note. —
tuning, designed to compensate for the reactive component of the coupling capacitor(s) impedance, in order to promote
—
tuning device,
the efficient transmission of carrier-frequency signals. This function may be performed by a
impedance matching between the power line and the carrier-frequency connection. This function may be performed by a
—
transformer or autotransformer,
galvanic isolation between primary and secondary terminals of the coupling device. This function may be performed by
—
the above-mentioned transformer, if present,
draining to earth of the power-frequency current derived by the coupling capacitor(s). This function may be performed
—
of the previously mentioned transformer, if present,
drain coil, or by the primary winding
by an inductance, termed
limitation of voltage surges coming from the power line, at the terminals of the coupling device. This function may be
—
lightning arresters suitably arranged in the coupling device,
performed by
direct and efficient earthing, when necessary, of the primary terminal(s) of the coupling device. This function may be
—
performed by an earthing switch.
5.1 Earth terminal
A terminal of the coupling device which is intended to be connected directly to the local station earth.
5.2 Primary terminal
A terminal of the coupling device which is intended to be connected to the low-voltage terminal of the coupling
capacitor.
5.3 Secondary terminal
A terminal of the coupling device which is intended to be connected to the carrier-frequency connection.
6. Communication terms for coupling devices
6.1 Nominal line-side impedance (Z1)
The impedance which the coupling device, together with the associated coupling capacitor(s), is designed to
match on the line side, and to which the requirements refer (see Figure 3, page 22).

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
— 11 —
6.2 Nominal equipment-side impedance (Z2)
The impedance which the coupling device is designed to match, on the equipment side, and to which the require-
ments refer (see Figure 3, page 22).
6.3 Composite loss
The composite loss (see I.E.V. 55-05-175) brought about by the quadripole made up of the coupling device and
associated coupling capacitor(s) having the specified capacitance and assumed to have no loss, terminated by the
nominal line-side and equipment-side impedance.
6.4 Return loss
The return loss (see I.E.V. 55-05-195) of the quadripole made up of the coupling device and associated coupling
capacitor(s) having the specified capacitance and assumed to have no loss, respectively terminated by the nominal
line-side and equipment-side impedance.
6.5 Available bandwidth
The frequency band within which the composite loss does not exceed, and the return losses do not fall short
of the specified values.
6.6 Carrier frequency working range
The range of carrier frequencies within which the available bandwidth of a coupling device can be set.
6.7 Nominal peak-envelope power
The peak-envelope power for which the coupling device has been designed compatible with the requirements
for intermodulation.
SECTION THREE — REQUIREMENTS
7. Safety and protection requirements of the coupling device
7.1
General
The coupling device shall meet the following requirements irrespective of whether or not the protective devices
of an associated coupling capacitor or capacitor voltage transformer contribute to the safety and protection of
the coupling device. The design of the coupling device shall be such as to prevent the occurrence of dangerous
potentials on the carrier-frequency connection due to the service voltage or transient overvoltages which may
occur on the power line.
Note. — There are two types of transient overvoltages to be taken into account:
a) Overvoltages due chiefly to the operation of switchgear. Such overvoltages may have amplitudes of the same order of
magnitude as the service voltage and be transferred to the low-voltage side of the coupling capacitor because of the steep-
fronted or high-frequency nature of the transients.
b)
Atmospheric overvoltages which are also transferred to the low-voltage side of the coupling capacitor for the same reason.
The coupling device shall be designed and built to ensure that a fault on the power line shall not in general cause
a permanent interruption in the functioning of the coupling device. If, under abnormal power-system conditions,
the values specified in Sub-clauses 7.5, 8.1 and 8.2 are exceeded, this shall be a matter for special agreement between
manufacturer and purchaser.
7.2
Earthing of the primary terminal
The coupling device shall be so designed that the impedance at power frequency between the primary terminal
and the earth terminal is as low as possible and in no case in excess of 20 Q. This low impedance shall be
ensured by a device such as a drain coil or matching transformer winding as specified in Sub-clause 7.3.

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SIST IEC 60481:1997
— 13 —
Drain coil or matching transformer winding
7.3
The drain coil or matching transformer winding shall:
offer a maximum guarantee of continuity of connection to the earth terminal;
a)
withstand any of the above-mentioned overvoltages which may occur on the power line, taking into account
b)
the effect of the main arrester (Sub-clause 7.5).
7.4 Earthing switch
An earthing switch shall be provided for making a temporary direct connection between the primary and earth
requirements of Sub-clause 7.3 also apply to this device.
terminals. The .
The method of operating the earthing switch shall take due regard of national requirements for safety.
It is recommended that an indication of "on" and "off" positions of the earthing switch be clearly visible.
7.5 Main arrester
A lightning arrester shall be connected as directly as possible between the primary and earth terminals and shall
be capable of protecting the coupling device and the carrier-frequency connection.
Notes 1. — For this purpose, at present, either arresters of the air-gap type or those of the non-linear resistor type are used.
If an air-gap type arrester is used, it must be robust and allow easy maintenance; moreover, it is recommended that its
power-frequency sparkover voltage be of the order of 2 kV r.m.s. and that it be able to sustain an impulse discharge current
of wave shape 8/20 gs of at least 5 kA. It is desirable that the arrester be capable of sustaining a power-frequency current
of at least 5 kA r.m.s. for a period of 0.2 s while ensuring, even if damaged, that the other parts of the coupling device
remain adequately protected.
If a non-linear resistor type arrester is employed, it is recommended that its rated voltage be of the order of 1 kV (corre-
sponding to an impulse sparkover voltage of about 4 kV) and that it be able to sustain an impulse discharge current of
wave shape 8/20.ts of at least 5 kA. See I EC Publication 60, High-voltage Test Techniques, and I EC Publication 99-1,
Lightning Arresters, Part 1: Non-linear Resistor Type Arresters for A.C. Systems, 2nd edition).
Where the coupling capacitor is remote from the coupling device, it may be necessary to provide, at the coupling capacitor,
2. —
an additional arrester, similar to the main arrester.
It may be advisable, both for the protection of the carrier-frequency connection and the PLC terminal, to provide an arrester
3. —
which will limit the voltage across the secondary terminals of the coupling device to a value compatible with the withstand
voltage of the carrier-frequency connection and that of the protection device, if any, at the other end of the carrier-frequency
connection. Gas-type arresters, having a power-frequency sparkover voltage of the order of a few hundred volts are generally
suitable.
8. Insulation requirements
8.1 Power frequency level
If isolation between primary and secondary terminals of the coupling device is required by local operating
conditions, then
...

NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60264-4-1
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1997-12
Conditionnement des fils de bobinage –
Partie 4-1:
Méthodes d’essai –
Bobines de livraison faites
de matériau thermoplastique
Packaging of winding wires –
Part 4-1:
Methods of test –
Delivery spools made from
thermoplastic materials
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60264-4-1:1997

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Numéros des publications Numbering
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued
sont numérotées à partir de 60000. with a designation in the 60000 series.
Publications consolidées Consolidated publications
Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de Consolidated versions of some IEC publications
la CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. including amendments are available. For example,
Par exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to
indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la the base publication, the base publication incorporating
publication de base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating
publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 amendments 1 and 2.
et 2.
Validité de la présente publication Validity of this publication
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est The technical content of IEC publications is kept under
constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the
actuel de la technique. content reflects current technology.
Des renseignements relatifs à la date de reconfirmation Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of
de la publication sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de the publication is available in the IEC catalogue.
la CEI.
Les renseignements relatifs à ces révisions, à l'établis- Information on the revision work, the issue of revised
sement des éditions révisées et aux amendements editions and amendments may be obtained from
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Publié annuellement et mis à jour régulièrement Published yearly with regular updates
(Accès en ligne)* (On-line access)*
Terminologie, symboles graphiques Terminology, graphical and letter
et littéraux symbols
En ce qui concerne la terminologie générale, le lecteur For general terminology, readers are referred to
se reportera à la CEI 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- IEC 60050: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
technique International (VEI). (IEV).
Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littéraux et For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs
les signes d'usage général approuvés par la CEI, le approved by the IEC for general use, readers are
referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to
lecteur consultera la CEI 60027: Symboles littéraux à
utiliser en électrotechnique, la CEI 60417: Symboles be used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical
graphiques utilisables sur le matériel. Index, relevé et symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and
compilation des feuilles individuelles, et la CEI 60617: compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617:
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* Voir adresse «site web» sur la page de titre. * See web site address on title page.

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NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60264-4-1
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1997-12
Conditionnement des fils de bobinage –
Partie 4-1:
Méthodes d’essai –
Bobines de livraison faites
de matériau thermoplastique
Packaging of winding wires –
Part 4-1:
Methods of test –
Delivery spools made from
thermoplastic materials
 IEC 1997 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in
copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland
Telefax: [phone] e-mail: [e-mail] IEC web site http: //www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE K
International Electrotechnical Commission
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

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– 2 – 60264-4-1 © CEI:1997
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
___________
CONDITIONNEMENT DES FILS DE BOBINAGE –
Partie 4-1: Méthodes d’essai –
Bobines de livraison faites de matériau thermoplastique
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activités, publie des Normes Internationales.
Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le
sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en
liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation
Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques, représentent, dans la mesure
du possible un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux intéressés
sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les documents produits se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales. Ils sont publiés
comme normes, rapports techniques ou guides et agréés comme tels par les Comités nationaux.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'unification internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent à appliquer de
façon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normes
nationales et régionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou régionale
correspondante doit être indiquée en termes clairs dans cette dernière.
5) La CEI n’a fixé aucune procédure concernant le marquage comme indication d’approbation et sa responsabilité
n’est pas engagée quand un matériel est déclaré conforme à l’une de ses normes.
6) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Norme internationale peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 60264-4-1 a été établie par le comité d'études 55 de la CEI: Fils
de bobinage.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1989 et constitue une
révision technique.
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
55/617+617A/FDIS 55/643/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.

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60264-4-1 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
PACKAGING OF WINDING WIRES –
Part 4-1: Methods of test –
Delivery spools made from thermoplastic materials
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60264-4-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 55:
Winding wires.
The second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1989 and constitutes a
technical revision.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
55/617+617A/FDIS 55/643/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – 60264-4-1 © CEI:1997
INTRODUCTION
La présente partie de la CEI 60264 constitue l’un des éléments d’une série traitant des fils
isolés utilisés dans les enroulements des appareils électriques. Cette série comporte trois
groupes définissant respectivement:
– les méthodes d'essai (CEI 60851);
– les spécifications (CEI 60317);
– le conditionnement (CEI 60264).

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
60264-4-1 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 60264 forms an element of a series of standards dealing with insulated wires
used for windings in electrical equipment. The series comprises three groups defining
respectively:
– methods of test (IEC 60851);
– specifications (IEC 60317);
– packaging (IEC 60264).

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – 60264-4-1 © CEI:1997
CONDITIONNEMENT DES FILS DE BOBINAGE –
Partie 4-1: Méthodes d'essai –
Bobines de livraison faites de matériau thermoplastique
1 Domaine d'application
La présente partie de la CEI 60264 définit des méthodes d'essai pour les bobines de livraison
pour fils de bobinage, faites de matériau thermoplastique, afin de déterminer leur conformité
avec les performances exigées pour leurs propriétés.
2 Notes générales concernant les essais
Sauf spécification contraire, tous les essais doivent être effectués à une température comprise
entre 15 °C et 35 °C et une humidité relative de 45 % à 75 %.
En cas de contestation, les bobines doivent être préconditionnées à une température de
(23 ± 2) °C pendant 24 h.
3 Défauts des bobines
L'état de surface et celui de la construction doivent être contrôlés visuellement.
4 Marquage des bobines
Le marquage des bobines doit être c
...