SIST EN 1094-1:2008
(Main)Insulating refractory products - Terminology, classification and methods of test for high temperature insulation wool products
Insulating refractory products - Terminology, classification and methods of test for high temperature insulation wool products
This European Standard defines terms for those refractory products and materials which are classed as high temperature insulation wools (HTIW). It also establishes the classification of insulating refractory products made from HTIW and specifies methods for determining the thickness, bulk density, resilience, permanent linear change and tensile strength of HTIW products.
It applies to HTIW bulk wool, blankets, felts, mats, boards, pre-formed shapes and papers, with the exception of products delivered in a wet state.
Further test procedures are in development and will be included once they have been ratified. These include a 3 point bend test for boards, a length weighted fibre diameter measurement technique by Scanning Electron Microscope, shot content measurement (dry and wet methods) and thermal conductivity measurement. There is a shot content method described in BS ISO 10635 and there is a thermal conductivity technique described in ASTM C201.
Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Teil 1: Terminologie, Klassifizierung und Prüfverfahren für Erzeugnisse aus Hochtemperaturwolle zur Wärmedämmung
Diese Europäische Norm definiert Begriffe für die feuerfesten Erzeugnisse und Werkstoffe, die zur Klasse der
Hochtemperaturwollen zur Wärmedämmung (HTIW) gehören. Sie legt auch die Klassifizierung von
feuerfesten Erzeugnissen zur Wärmedämmung aus HTIW und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Dicke, der
Rohdichte, des Rückfederungsvermögens, der bleibenden linearen Längenänderung und der Zugfestigkeit
von Erzeugnissen aus HTIW fest.
Die Norm gilt für Wolle, Matten, Filze, Vliese, Platten, Formteile und Papier aus HTIW, ausgenommen sind
Erzeugnisse, die nass angeliefert werden.
Weitere Prüfverfahren sind in der Entwicklungsphase und werden eingefügt, nachdem sie bestätigt wurden.
Sie umfassen eine Drei-Punkt-Biegeprüfung für Platten, ein längsgewichtetes Verfahren zur Messung des
Faserdurchmessers mit dem Rasterelektronenmikroskop, die Bestimmung des Shot-Anteils (Trocken- und
Nassverfahren) und die Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit. In ISO 10635 ist ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung
des Shot-Anteils und in ASTM C 201 ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit gegeben.
Produits réfractaires isolants - Terminologie, classification et méthodes d'essai pour produits à base de laine isolante à haute température
La présente Norme européenne définit les termes relatifs aux produits et matériaux réfractaires classés dans la catégorie des laines isolantes à haute température (HTIW). Elle établit également la classification des produits réfractaires isolants réalisés à partir de laine isolante à haute température et spécifie des méthodes permettant de déterminer l’épaisseur, la masse volumique apparente, la résilience, la variation linéaire permanente, la résistance à la traction, l’humidité et la teneur en matières organiques des produits HTIW.
Elle s’applique aux produits HTIW, par exemple laine en vrac, nappes, feutres, matelas, panneaux, pièces préformées et papiers, à l’exception des produits livrés à l’état mouillé.
Des modes opératoires d’essai complémentaires sont en cours d’élaboration et y seront incorporés une fois ratifiés. Parmi ces modes opératoires figurent un essai de pliage en 3 points pour cartons, une technique de mesurage par microscope électronique à balayage du diamètre des fibres pondéré par la longueur, le mesurage de la teneur en infibrés (méthodes à l’état sec et mouillé) et le mesurage de la conductivité thermique. La norme ISO 10635 décrit une méthode de détermination de la teneur en infibrés et la technique de détermination de la conductivité thermique est décrite dans la norme ASTM C201.
Toplotnoizolacijski ognjevzdržni izdelki - 1. del: Terminologija, klasifikacija in metode za topne visokotemperaturne vlaknene izdelke
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 1094-1:2008
01-oktober-2008
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1094-1:1998
SIST EN 1094-3:2003
SIST ENV 1094-7:1998
Toplotnoizolacijski ognjevzdržni izdelki - 1. del: Terminologija, klasifikacija in
metode za topne visokotemperaturne vlaknene izdelke
Insulating refractory products - Terminology, classification and methods of test for high
temperature insulation wool products
Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Teil 1: Terminologie, Klassifizierung
und Prüfverfahren für Erzeugnisse aus Hochtemperaturwolle zur Wärmedämmung
Produits réfractaires isolants - Terminologie, classification et méthodes d'essai pour
produits à base de laine isolante à haute température
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1094-1:2008
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
SIST EN 1094-1:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1094-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2008
ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 1094-1:1997, EN 1094-3:2003, ENV
1094-7:1993
English Version
Insulating refractory products - Part 1: Terminology,
classification and methods of test for high temperature insulation
wool products
Produits réfractaires isolants - Partie 1 : Terminologie, Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Teil 1:
classification et méthodes d'essai pour produits à base de Terminologie, Klassifizierung und Prüfverfahren für
laine isolante à haute température Erzeugnisse aus Hochtemperaturwolle zur
Wärmedämmung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1094-1:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Classification temperature.7
5 Number of test pieces .9
6 Preparation of test pieces.9
7 Test methods.9
8 Test report .20
Bibliography .21
2
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 1094-1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory
products and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1094-1:1997, EN 1094-3:2003 and ENV 1094-7:1993.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
3
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard defines terms for those refractory products and materials which are classed as high
temperature insulation wools (HTIW). It also establishes the classification of insulating refractory products
made from HTIW and specifies methods for determining the thickness, bulk density, resilience, permanent
linear change, tensile strength and moisture and organic matter content of HTIW products.
It applies to HTIW bulk wool, blankets, felts, mats, boards, pre-formed shapes and papers, with the exception
of products delivered in a wet state.
Further test procedures are in development and will be included once they have been ratified. These include a
3 point bend test for boards, a length weighted fibre diameter measurement technique by Scanning Electron
Microscope, shot content measurement (dry and wet methods) and thermal conductivity measurement. There
is a shot content method described in ISO 10635 and there is a thermal conductivity technique described in
ASTM C201.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1094 (all parts), Insulating refractory products
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials – Verification of static uniaxial testing machines – Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines – Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO
7500-1:2004)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
high temperature insulation wool
HTIW
man-made mineral wool suitable for use as heat-insulating materials above a temperature of 600°C and
divided into amorphous alkaline earth silicate wools (AES), aluminosilicate wools (ASW) and the
polycrystalline wools (PCW) with a classification temperature greater than 1 000 °C
3.1.2
wool
non-directional agglomeration of fibres with varying diameter and length distributions
3.1.3
fibre
particles with a length to diameter proportion of L/D > 3:1
3.1.4
AES-wool
amorphous wools with a typical composition range as given in Table 1
4
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
Table 1 — Typical Composition range of AES-wool
Component Percentage by mass
CaO + MgO 18 to 43
SiO 50 to 82
2
Al O + TiO + ZrO < 6
2 3 2 2
Other oxides < 1
3.1.5
aluminosilicate wool
ASW
amorphous wools, subdivided into:
a) aluminosilicate wool (Al O + SiO ) with a composition range as given in Table 2; and
2 3 2
b) alumino zirconium silicate wool (Al O + ZrO + SiO ) with a composition range as given in Table 3
2 3 2 2
Table 2 — Typical Composition range of aluminosilicate wool
Component Percentage by mass
Al O 46 to 56
2 3
SiO 44 to 54
2
Other oxides < 1
Table 3 — Typical Composition range of alumino zirconium silicate wool
Component Percentage by mass
Al O < 37
2 3
SiO > 48
2
ZrO < 20
2
Other oxides < 1
3.1.6
polycrystalline wool
PCW
wool with a typical composition range as given in Table 4
Table 4 — Typical Composition range of polycrystalline wool
Component Percentage by mass
Al O 72 to 97
2 3
SiO 3 to 28
2
Other oxides < 0,1
5
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
3.1.7
resilience
ability of HTIW products to spring back after being compressed to 50 % of their initial thickness
3.1.8
tensile strength
apparent maximum tensile stress that the material can withstand
NOTE It is expressed in Pascals (Pa). It is given together with the bulk density determined by subclause 7.2
3.2 Materials and products made from high temperature insulation wool (HTIW)
3.2.1
bulk wool
wool in the state as produced before conversion into other products
NOTE 1 Bulk wool is available as:
a) wool with long fibres with or without finish (lubricant);
b) wool with chopped fibres with variable length due to their application.
NOTE 2 Lubricant is added to the fibres to keep them flexible for further processing the wool products. Typically, the
wool products are thermally treated after production to remove the lubricant.
3.2.2
mat
flexible, non-needled wool without further bonding agent
3.2.3
blanket
flexible, needled mat, free of binders, with nominally determined dimensions
NOTE The mat is processed with barbed felt needles. In consequence, the product becomes denser and stronger.
3.2.4
felt
flexible, non-needled product with further bonding agents
3.2.5
module
blanket formed into thick sections by needling, stacking or folding sheets, compressed to a higher density and
typically supplied with integral anchoring systems
3 3
NOTE Typically, the bulk density of modules is between 160 kg/m and 300 kg/m . Modules can be of a complex
shape.
3.2.6
paper
flexible insulating material formed on a paper-making machine
NOTE Typically, thin shaped HTIW products are kept together by an organic binder (e.g. latex).
3.2.7
board
rigid flat sheet, usually containing inorganic and/or organic binders, produced by a wet process fired or unfired
6
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
3.2.8
pre-formed product and shapes
rigid shape with the addition of inorganic and/or organic binders, fired or unfired
NOTE Depending on their production process pre-formed products are subdivided into:
a) vacuum shaped products;
b) mixed products wherein different types of HTIW but also refractory fillers are put together;
c) plastic shaped products;
d) laminated pre-formed products wherein boards, paper or felts are stuck together (on top of each other or
rolled);
e) die-cut products made of blankets, boards or paper.
3.2.9
yarn
bulk HTIW twisted into a continuous thread, with or without the addition of reinforcing filaments
3.2.10
rope
yarn twisted to a rope, with or without reinforcing
NOTE Ropes can be reinforced by glass or metal fibres.
3.2.11
cloth
yarn woven to cloth
3.2.12
mouldable/castable/mastic product
product used for moulding, casting or repairs.
NOTE Mouldable products of HTIW are, for example, added in different proportions to unshaped refractory products
as defined in EN 1402-1.
4 Classification temperature
The product is classified according to the temperature at which the shrinkage obtained by the permanent
linear change in dimensions test, as described in subclause 7.4, does not exceed a given value.
According to the nature of the product, the shrinkage value shall not exceed:
2 % for boards and preformed shapes;
4 % for blankets, felts, mats and papers.
The temperature shall be reported to the nearest 50°C, starting at 850°C and going up to 1 800°C in 50°C
increments.
NOTE Classification temperature does not imply that the product can be used continuously at this temperature. In
practice maximum continuous use temperature for amorphous HTIWs will typically be approximately 100°C to 150°C lower
than the classification temperature. Polycrystalline wool can usually be used up to its classification temperature. The
atmosphere, application (e.g. single use vs. extended) and contact with other substances should all be considered
carefully when selecting the type of high temperature insulation wool for a particular application.
7
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
Typical application temperatures are shown in Figure 1.
y
1
1800ºC
1500ºC
2
3
1200ºC
900ºC
4
600ºC
300ºC
x
Key
X Type of wool
Y Temperature °C
1 Polycrystalline wool
2 Alumino-Silicate and Alumino-Zirconium-Silicate Wool
3 Alkaline-Earth-Silicate Wool (AES)
4 Mineral wools (Glass and Rock wool)
NOTE The width of the polygon shows the proportion of a wool type used in the corresponding temperature range.
Figure 1 —Typical application temperatures of HTIW
8
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
5 Number of test pieces
The number of items to be tested shall be determined by agreement between the parties. The number of test
pieces per item shall be determined in accordance with Table 5.
6 Preparation of test pieces
When the material to be tested is in a roll form, any compressed material at the extreme ends shall be
excluded. A strip shall be cut perpendicular to the length across the full material width, of sufficient size for the
different tests planned.
From the strip, cut the required number of test pieces of required dimensions, using a template, a sharp knife,
a saw, or other method which will not damage the sample. Avoid excess pressure as this may crush the
product.
Table 5 — Summary of test methods and designations, applicability to product types
and number of test pieces per item required
Clause Test Material Number of test
pieces
6.1 Measured thickness: Blanket, Felt, Mat, 3
725 Pa method or 350 Pa method Board
For HTIW 50 kPa method, excluding Paper 3
AES where 10 kPa method is used.
6.2 Bulk density Blanket, Felt, Mat, 3
Board, Paper
6.3 Resilience Blanket, Felt, Mat 3
6.4 Permanent linear change on heating Blanket, Felt, Mat, 3
Board, Paper
6.6 Tensile strength Blanket, Felt, Paper 5
6.6 Moisture and organic content Bulk wool, Blanket, 3
Felt, Mat, Board,
Paper
7 Test methods
7.1 Determination of the measured thickness
7.1.1 General
Because of packing, transport and storage, flexible HTIW products often show differences between measured
and nominal thickness as given by the manufacturer.
7.1.2 Principle
Determination of the measured thickness of a product subjected to a compressive stress which depends on its
nominal bulk density.
9
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SIST EN 1094-1:2008
EN 1094-1:2008 (E)
There are two methods, of which the dial gauge comparator method (7.1.4) is the reference method and is the
only method applicable to HTIW paper.
7.1.3 Test piece dimensions
The size of the test piece shall be such that the disc entirely rests on it, and shall be at least (100 x 100) mm.
7.1.4 Dial gauge comparator method
7.1.4.1 Apparatus
7.1.4.1.1 Dial gauge comparator and its base, configured with a 75 mm metallic disc capable of applying
3
a (350 ± 7) Pa compressive stress to products with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m and a (725 ± 15)
3
Pa compressive stress to products with a nominal bulk density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m .
7.1.4.2 Procedure
For HTIW papers, except AES paper, carry out the measurement under a compressive stress of (50 ± 1) kPa.
For AES paper a compressive stress of (10 ± 1) kPa shall be used with a disc of 12,5 mm diameter.
Put the test piece on a hard, flat surface and let the disc rest on the product, care being taken not to induce
additional pressure. Measure the thickness at the disc centre with respect to the hard, flat surface to the
nearest ± 0,1 mm.
7.1.5 Needle method
7.1.5.1 Apparatus
7.1.5.1.1 Measuring device, made up of a needle (150 ± 1) mm in length and 3 mm in diameter, and a
metallic disc 75 mm in diameter, with a central hole 3, 5 mm to 4 mm diameter, which slides along the needle
and is capable of being secured in position.
Note Two metallic discs of different mass are required, one having a mass sufficient to exert a stress of
350 Pa, the other having a mass sufficient to exert a stress of 725 Pa.
7.1.5.1.2 Vernier calliper.
7.1.5.2 Procedure
The stress determined by the mass of the disc and of its securing device shall not exceed (350 ± 7) Pa for
products with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m3 and (725 ± 15) Pa for products with a nominal bulk
density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m3.
Put the product to be measured on a hard, flat surface, punch it with the needle and remove the needle. For
the measurement, bring b
...
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Insulating refractory products - Terminology, classification and methods of test for high temperature insulation wool productsToplotnoizolacijski ognjevzdržni izdelki - 1. del: Terminologija, klasifikacija in metode
za topne visokotemperaturne vlaknene izdelkeProduits réfractaires isolants - Terminologie, classification et méthodes d'essai pour produits à base de laine isolante à haute températureFeuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Teil 1: Terminologie, Klassifizierung und Prüfverfahren für Erzeugnisse aus Hochtemperaturwolle zur WärmedämmungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:prEN 1094-1kSIST prEN 1094-1:2008en,fr,de81.080ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDkSIST prEN 1094-1:200801-april-2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMFINAL DRAFTprEN 1094-1January 2008ICS 81.080Will supersede EN 1094-3:2003
English VersionInsulating refractory products - Terminology, classification andmethods of test for high temperature insulation wool productsProduits réfractaires isolantsFeuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Teil 1:Terminologie, Klassifizierung und Prüfverfahren fürErzeugnisse aus Hochtemperaturwolle zurWärmedämmungThis draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the TechnicalCommittee CEN/TC 187.If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whichstipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other languagemade by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has thesame status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice andshall not be referred to as a European Standard.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. prEN 1094-1:2008: E
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Classification Temperature.7 5 Number of test pieces.9 6 Preparation of test pieces.9 7 Test methods.9 8 Test report.20 Bibliography.21
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (prEN 1094-1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. This document will supersede EN 1094-3:2003.
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 4
1 Scope This European Standard defines terms for those refractory products and materials which are classed as high temperature insulation wools (HTIW). It also establishes the classification of insulating refractory products made from HTIW and specifies methods for determining the thickness, bulk density, resilience, permanent linear change and tensile strength of HTIW products. It applies to HTIW bulk wool, blankets, felts, mats, boards, pre-formed shapes and papers, with the exception of products delivered in a wet state. Further test procedures are in development and will be included once they have been ratified. These include a 3 point bend test for boards, a length weighted fibre diameter measurement technique by Scanning Electron Microscope, shot content measurement (dry and wet methods) and thermal conductivity measurement. There is a shot content method described in BS ISO 10635 and there is a thermal conductivity technique described in ASTM C201. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1094, all parts, Insulating refractory products EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials – Verification of static uniaxial testing machines – Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines – Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General terms and definitions 3.1.1 high temperature insulation wool HTIW man-made mineral wool suitable for use as heat-insulating materials above a temperature of 600°C and divided into amorphous alkaline earth silicate wools (AES), aluminosilicate wools (ASW) and the polycrystalline wools (PCW) with a classification temperature greater than 1 000 °C 3.1.2 wool non-directional agglomeration of fibres with varying diameter and length distributions 3.1.3 fibre particles with a length to diameter proportion of L/D > 3:1 3.1.4 AES-wool amorphous wools with a typical composition range as given in Table 1
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 5
Table 1 — Typical Composition range of AES-wool Component Percentage by mass CaO + MgO 18 to 43 SiO2 50 to 82 Al2O3 + TiO2 + ZrO2 < 6 Other oxides < 1
3.1.5 aluminosilicate wool
ASW amorphous wools, subdivided into a) aluminosilicate wool (Al2O3 + SiO2), with a composition range as given in Table 2, and b) alumino zirconium silicate wool (Al2O3 + ZrO2 + SiO2), with a composition range as given in Table 3 Table 2 — Typical Composition range of aluminosilicate wool Component Percentage by mass Al2O3 46 to 56 SiO2 44 to 54 Other oxides < 1
Table 3 — Typical Composition range of alumino zirconium silicate wool Component Percentage by mass Al2O3 < 37 SiO2 > 48 ZrO2 < 20 Other oxides < 1
3.1.6 polycrystalline wool PCW wool with a typical composition range as given in Table 4 Table 4 — Typical Composition range of polycrystalline wool Component Percentage by mass Al2O3 72 to 97 SiO2 3 to 28 Other oxides < 0,1
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 6 3.1.7 resilience ability of HTIW products to spring back after being compressed to 50 % of their initial thickness 3.1.8 tensile strength apparent maximum tensile stress that the material can withstand NOTE It is expressed in Pascals (Pa). It is given together with the bulk density determined by subclause 7.2 3.2 Materials and products made from high temperature insulation wool (HTIW) 3.2.1 bulk wool wool in the state as produced before conversion into other products NOTE 1 Bulk wool is available as: a) wool with long fibres with or without finish (lubricant); b) wool with chopped fibres with variable length due to their application. NOTE 2 Lubricant is added to the fibres to keep them flexible for further processing the wool products. Typically, the wool products are thermally treated after production to remove the lubricant. 3.2.2 mat flexible, non-needled wool without further bonding agent 3.2.3 blanket flexible, needled mat, free of binders, with nominally determined dimensions NOTE The mat is processed with barbed felt needles. In consequence, the product becomes denser and stronger. 3.2.4 felt flexible, non-needled product with further bonding agents 3.2.5 module blanket formed into thick sections either by needling, stacking or folding sheets, compressed to a higher density and typically supplied either with integral anchoring systems NOTE Typically, the bulk density of modules is between 160 kg/m3 and 300 kg/m3. Modules can be of a complex shape. 3.2.6 paper flexible insulating material formed on a paper-making machine NOTE Typically, thin shaped HTIW products are kept together by an organic binder (e.g. latex). 3.2.7 board rigid flat sheet, usually containing inorganic and/or organic binders, produced by a wet process fired or unfired
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 7 3.2.8 pre-formed product and shapes rigid shape with the addition of inorganic and/or organic binders, fired or unfired NOTE Depending on their production process pre-formed products are subdivided into: a) vacuum shaped products; b) mixed products wherein different types of HTIW but also refractory fillers are put together; c) plastic shaped products; d) laminated pre-formed products wherein boards, paper or felts are stuck together (on top of each other or rolled); e) die-cut products made of blankets, boards or paper. 3.2.9 yarn bulk HTIW twisted into a continuous thread, with or without the addition of reinforcing filaments 3.2.10 rope yarn twisted to a rope, with or without reinforcing NOTE Ropes can be reinforced by glass or metal fibres. 3.2.11 cloth yarn woven to cloth 3.2.12 mouldable/castable/mastic product product used for moulding, casting or repairs. NOTE mouldable products of HTIW are, for example, added in different proportions to unshaped refractory products as defined in EN 1402-1. 4 Classification Temperature The product is classified according to the temperature at which the shrinkage obtained by the permanent linear change in dimensions test, as described in subclause 7.4, does not exceed a given value.
According to the nature of the product, the shrinkage value shall not exceed: 2 % for boards and preformed shapes; 4 % for blankets, felts, mats and papers. The temperature shall be reported to the nearest 50°C, starting at 850°C and going up to 1 800°C
in 50°C increments. NOTE Classification temperature does not imply that the product can be used continuously at this temperature. In practice maximum continuous use temperature for amorphous HTIWs will typically be approximately 100°C to 150°C lower than the classification temperature. Polycrystalline wool can usually be used up to its classification temperature. The atmosphere, application (e.g. single use vs. extended) and contact with other substances should all be considered carefully when selecting the type of high temperature insulation wool for a particular application.
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 8 Typical application temperatures are shown in Figure 1. y1800ºC1500ºC1200ºC1900ºC600ºC300ºC234x Key X Type of wool Y Temperature °C 1 Polycrystalline wool 2 Alumino-Silicate and Alumino-Zirconium-Silicate Wool 3 Alkaline-Earth-Silicate Wool (AES) 4 Mineral wools (Glass and Rock wool) NOTE The width of the polygon shows the proportion of a wool type used in the corresponding temperature range. Figure 1 —Typical application temperatures of HTIW
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 9 5 Number of test pieces The number of items to be tested shall be determined by agreement between the parties. The number of test pieces per item shall be determined in accordance with Table 5. 6 Preparation of test pieces When the material to be tested is in a roll form, any compressed material at the extreme ends shall be excluded. A strip shall be cut perpendicular to the length across the full material width, of sufficient size for the different tests planned. From the strip, cut the required number of test pieces of required dimensions, using a template, a sharp knife, a saw, or other method which will not damage the sample. Avoid excess pressure as this may crush the product. Table 5 — Summary of test methods and designations, applicability to product types and number of test pieces per item required Clause Test Material Number of test pieces 6.1 Measured thickness: 725 Pa method or 350 Pa method Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board 3
For HTIW 50 kPa method, excluding AES where 10 kPa method is used. Paper 3 6.2 Bulk density Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper 3 6.3 Resilience Blanket, Felt, Mat 3 6.4 Permanent linear change on heating Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper 3 6.6 Tensile strength Blanket, Felt, Paper 5 6.6 Moisture and organic content Blanket, Felt, Mat, Board, Paper 3
7 Test methods 7.1 Determination of the measured thickness 7.1.1 General Because of packing, transport and storage, flexible HTIW products often show differences between measured and nominal thickness as given by the manufacturer. 7.1.2 Principle Determination of the measured thickness of a product subjected to a compressive stress which depends on its nominal bulk density. There are two methods, of which the dial gauge comparator method (7.1.4) is the referee method and is the only method applicable to HTIW paper.
prEN 1094-1:2008 (E) 10 7.1.3 Test piece dimensions The size of the test piece shall be such that the disc entirely rests on it, and shall be at least 100 mm x 100 mm. 7.1.4 Dial gauge comparator method 7.1.4.1 Apparatus The apparatus consists of a machined reference plate, a dial gauge comparator and its base and a metallic disc, 75 mm in diameter. The apparatus is capable of applying a 350 Pa ± 7 Pa compressive stress to products with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m3 and a 725 Pa ± 15 Pa compressive stress to products with a nominal bulk density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m3. For HTIW papers, except AES paper, carry out the measurement under a compressive stress
of 50 ± 1 kPa
For AES paper a compressive stress of
10 ± 1 kPa shall be used with a disc of 12,5 mm diameter. 7.1.4.2 Procedure Put the test piece on the reference plate and let the disc rest on the product, care being taken not to induce additional pressure. Measure the thickness at the disc centre with respect to the reference plate and to the nearest ± 0,1 mm. 7.1.5 The needle method 7.1.5.1 Apparatus The apparatus consists of a machined reference plate, and a measuring device made up of a needle 150 mm ± 1 mm in length and 3 mm in diameter, and a metallic disc 75 mm in diameter which slides along the needle and is capable of being secured in position, with a dial gauge comparator and a thickness gauge. The stress determined by the mass of the disc and of its securing device shall not exceed 350 Pa ± 7 Pa for products with a nominal bulk density less than 96 kg/m3 and 725 Pa ± 15 Pa for products with a nominal bulk density equal to or higher than 96 kg/m3. 7.1.5.2 Procedure Put the product to be measured on the reference plate, punch it with the needle and remove the needle. For the measurement, bring back the needle point in contact with the reference plate and lower the disc on to the surface of the product, care being taken not to induce additional pressure. Secure the disc in position, remove the whole device and measure the distance between the needle point and the disc to the nearest 0,1 mm. 7.1.6 Test
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