oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
(Main)Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) - Part 1: General guidelines (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) - Part 1: General guidelines (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anwendung der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitung (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Dieses Dokument legt die Grundlagen der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP MS) fest und gibt allgemeine Hinweise für die Anwendung dieser Technik zur Bestimmung von Elementen in Wasser, Aufschlüsse von Schlämmen und Sedimenten (z. B. Aufschlüsse von Wasserproben nach ISO 15587 1 oder ISO 15587 2). Im Allgemeinen wird die Messung in Wasser durchgeführt, kann aber auch auf Gase, Dämpfe oder feine partikuläre Substanzen angewendet werden. Dieses Dokument gilt für die Anwendung der ICP-MS für die Analytik von wässrigen Lösungen.
Die eigentliche Durchführung der Elementbestimmung für spezifische Elemente und Matrizes wird jeweils in separaten Internationalen Normen beschrieben. Die individuellen Teile von diesem Dokument verweisen den Leser auf diese Anleitungen für die grundlegenden Prinzipien des Verfahrens und Gerätekonfigurationen.
Qualité de l’eau - Application de la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP- MS) - Partie 1: Lignes directrices générales (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Kakovost vode - Uporaba masne spektrometrije z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP-MS) - 1. del: Splošne smernice (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
01-julij-2022
Kakovost vode - Uporaba masne spektrometrije z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo
(ICP-MS) - 1. del: Splošne smernice (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) -
Part 1: General guidelines (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anwendung der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-
Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitung (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Qualité de l’eau - Application de la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage
inductif (ICP- MS) - Partie 1: Lignes directrices générales (ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 17294-1
ICS:
13.060.50 Preiskava vode na kemične Examination of water for
snovi chemical substances
oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 17294-1
ISO/TC 147/SC 2 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-05-18 2022-08-10
Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) —
Part 1:
General guidelines
ICS: 13.060.50
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
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WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 5
5 Apparatus . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Sample introduction . 6
5.2.1 General . 6
5.2.2 Pump . 7
5.2.3 Nebulizer . 7
5.2.4 Spray chamber . 8
5.2.5 Other systems . 8
5.3 Torch and plasma . 8
5.4 Gas and gas control . 9
5.5 Generator . 9
5.6 Transfer of the ions to the mass spectrometer . 9
5.7 Mass spectrometer . 10
5.7.1 General . 10
5.7.2 Lens system . 10
5.7.3 Collision or reaction cell . 10
5.7.4 Analyser . 11
5.7.5 Detector . 11
5.7.6 Alternative mass spectrometers/types of instruments .12
5.8 Signal processing and instrument control. 13
6 Interferences by concomitant elements .14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Spectral interferences . 14
6.2.1 General . 14
6.2.2 Possible elimination strategies for polyatomic ion interferences . 14
6.3 Non-spectral interferences . 15
6.3.1 General .15
6.3.2 Interferences in the nebulization process . 16
6.3.3 Interferences in the plasma . 16
6.3.4 Interferences in the interface/lens area . 17
6.3.5 Possible elimination strategies for non-spectral interferences (matrix
effects) . 17
7 Adjustment of the apparatus .20
7.1 General . 20
7.2 Tuning the apparatus .20
7.2.1 General .20
7.2.2 Alignment of the plasma . 20
7.2.3 Mass calibration . 21
7.2.4 Resolution . 21
7.2.5 Detector . 21
7.3 Verification of instrument performance criteria . 22
8 Preparatory steps .22
8.1 General .22
8.2 Choice of isotopes . 23
8.3 Choice of instrumental settings . 23
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8.4 Choice of integration time . 24
8.5 Choice of reference elements (internal standards) . 25
8.6 Linearity and working range .25
8.7 Composition of calibration solutions . 26
8.8 Method development for cool plasma conditions . 26
8.9 Determination of the method performance . 27
8.9.1 General . 27
8.9.2 Instrument detection limit . 27
8.9.3 Method detection limit . 27
8.9.4 Precision of the method . 27
9 Procedure .27
9.1 General . 27
9.2 Calibration .28
9.3 Necessary solutions .28
9.4 Measurement .29
Annex A (informative) Spectral interferences, choice of isotopes and method detection
limits for quadrupole ICP-MS instruments .30
Bibliography .37
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2,
Physical, chemical and biochemical methods.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17294-1:2004), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— revision of the scope to be in line with ISO 17294-2;
— the document has been revised to be in line with the current available instruments used in routine
daily practice in many laboratories;
— Clauses 5 and 6 have been revised to be in line with the state of the art equipment used to measure
elements according to part 2 of this document;
— the abbreviations in Clause 9 were reviewed and were brought in line with the generally used terms
in other standards;
— Table A.1 has been updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17294 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
Introduction
Since the last version new developments for the metal analyses with inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) took place. The use of the collision cell inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometer (CC-ICP-MS) and triple quad ICP-MS has increased in the laboratories. For this reason
ISO 17294-1 has been revised and new items have been added.
The intention for the revision of this document was to focus on the instrumentation that is currently
available and in use for the determination of elements according to ISO 17294-2 in daily practice in
laboratories. The consequence of this starting point is that the use of correction formulae has been
moved to Annex A because of reduced importance in modern instrumentation. Many principles also
apply for high resolution or accurate mass instrumentation although they are not described in detail in
this document.
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) —
Part 1:
General guidelines
1 Scope
This document specifies the principles of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and
provides general directions for the use of this technique for determining elements in water, digests
of sludges and sediments (for example, digests of water as described in ISO 15587-1 or ISO 15587-2).
Generally, the measurement is carried out in water, but gases, vapours or fine particulate matter can be
introduced too. This document applies to the use of ICP-MS for aqueous solution analysis.
The ultimate determination of the elements is described in a separate International Standard for each
series of elements and matrix. The individual parts of this document refer the reader to these guidelines
for the basic principles of the method and for configuration of the instrument.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3534-1, Statistics — Vocabulary and symbols — Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in
probability
ISO 5725-1, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General
principles and definitions
ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic method
for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling — Vocabulary
ISO 8466-1, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods — Part 1: Linear calibration
function
ISO Guide 30, Reference materials — Selected terms and definitions
ISO Guide 32, Calibration in analytical chemistry and use of certified reference materials
ISO Guide 33, Reference materials — Good practice in using reference materials
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
me a s ur ement (GUM: 1995)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5725-1, ISO 6206, ISO Guide 32
and the following apply.
1
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-1:2022(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
accuracy
closeness of agreement between test result and the accepted reference value
Note 1 to entry: The term accuracy, when applied to a set of test results, involves a combination of random
components and a common systematic error or bias component.
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.6]
3.2
analyte
element(s) to be determined
3.3
blank calibration solution
solution prepared in the same way as the calibration solution but leaving out the analyte (3.2)
3.4
calibration solution
solution used to calibrate the instrument, prepared from (a) stock solution(s) or from a certified
standard
3.5
calibration check solution
solution of known composition within the range of the calibration solution (3.4), but prepared
independently
3.6
determination
entire process from preparing the test sample solution up to and including measurement and calculation
of the final result
3.7
instrument detection limit
L
DI
smallest concentration that can be detected with a defined statistical probability using a contaminant-
free instrument and a blank calibration solution
3.8
laboratory sample
sample sent to the laboratory for analysis
[SOURCE: ISO 6206:1979, 3.2.10]
3.9
linearity
straight line relationship between the (mean) result of measurement (signal) and the quantity
(concentration) of the component to be determined
3.10
linearity verification solution
solution with a known concentration of the matrix components compared to the calibration solutions
(3.4), but having an analyte concentration half that of the (highest) calibration solution
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
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3.11
mean result
mean value of n results, calculated as intensity (ratio) or as mass concentration (U)
Note 1 to entry: The mass concentration is expressed in units of milligrams per litre.
3.12
method detection limit
L
DM
smallest analyte concentration that can be detected with a specified analytical method with a defined
statistical probability
3.13
net intensity
I
signal obtained after correction for background signal
3.14
net intensity ratio
I
R
net intensity divided by the net signal of a reference element
3.15
optimization solution
solution serving for mass calibration and for the optimization of the apparatus conditions
EXAMPLE Adjustment of maximal sensitivity with respect to minimal oxide formation rate and minimal
formation of doubly charged ions.
3.16
precision
closeness of agreement between independent test results obtained under prescribed conditions
Note 1 to entry: Precision depends only on the distribution of random errors and does not relate to true value
or the specified value.
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.12]
3.17
"pure chemical"
chemical with the highest available purity and known stoichiometry and for which the content of
analyte (3.2) and contaminants should be known with an established degree of certainty
3.18
raw intensity
I
raw
obtained uncorrected signal
3.19
reagent blank solution
solution prepared by adding to the solvent the same amounts of reagents as those added to the test
sample solution and with the same final volume
3.20
repeatability
r
precision under repeatability conditions (3.21)
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.13]
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3.21
repeatability conditions
conditions where independent test results are obtained with the same method on identical test items
in the same laboratory by the same operator using the same equipment within short intervals of time
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.14]
3.22
repeatability standard deviation
standard deviation of test results obtained under repeatability conditions (3.21)
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.15]
3.23
repeatability limit
value less than or equal to which the absolute difference between two test results obtained under
repeatability conditions (3.21) may be expected to be with a probability of 95 %
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.16]
3.24
reproducibility
R
precision under reproducibility conditions (3.25)
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.17]
3.25
reproducibility conditions
conditions where test results are obtained with the same method on identical test items in different
laboratories with different operators using different equipment
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.18]
3.26
reproducibility limit
value less than or equal to which the absolute difference between two test results obtained under
reproducibility conditions (3.25) may be expected to be with a probability of 95 %
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.20]
3.27
reproducibility standard deviation
standard deviation of test results obtained under reproducibility conditions (3.25)
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.19, modified]
3.28
result
outcome of a measurement
Note 1 to entry: The result is typically calculated as mass concentration (U), expressed in milligrams per litre.
3.29
sensitivity
S
ratio of the variation of the magnitude of the signal (dI) to the corresponding variation in the
concentration of the analyte (dC) expressed by Formula (1):
dI
S = (1)
dC
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-1:2022
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3.30
stock solution
solution with accurately known analyte concentration(s), prepared from “pure chemicals”
Note 1 to entry: Stock solutions are reference materials within the meaning of ISO Guide 30.
3.31
test sample
sample prepared from the laboratory sample, for example by grinding or homogenizing
3.32
test sample solution
solution prepared with the fraction (test portion) of the test sample (3.31) according to the appropriate
specifications, such that it can be used for the envisaged measurement
3.33
trueness
bias
closeness of agreement between the average value obtained from a large series of test results and an
accepted reference value
Note 1 to entry: The measure of trueness is usually expressed in terms of bias, which equals the sum of the
systematic error components.
[SOURCE: ISO 5725-1:1994, 3.7, modified]
3.34
uncertainty of measurement
parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values
that could reasonably be attributed to the analyte concentration
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, 2.2.3, modified]
4 Principle
ICP-MS stands for Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. In the present context, a plasma
is a small cloud of hot (6 000 K to 10 000 K) and partly ionized (approximately 1 %) argon gas. Cool
plasmas have temperatures of only about 2
...
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