SIST EN 50600-4-7:2020

Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-7: Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER)

This document specifies the Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify the efficient use of energy to control the temperature of the spaces within the data centre.
This document:
a)    defines the Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) of a data centre;
b)    describes the relationship of this KPI to a data centre’s infrastructure, information technology equipment and information technology operations;
c)    defines the measurement, the calculation and the reporting of the parameter;
d)    provides information on the correct interpretation of the CER.
Annex A describes the correlation of CER and other KPIs.
Annex B provides examples of the application of CER.
Annex C introduces the parameters that affect CER.
Annex D describes requirements and recommendations for derivatives of KPIs associated with CER.

Informationstechnik - Einrichtungen und Infrastrukturen von Rechenzentren - Teil 4-7: Wirkungsgrad der Kühlung (CER)

Technologie de l'information - Installation et infrastructures de centres de traitement de données - Partie 4-7: Taux d'efficacité de refroidissement

Le présent document spécifie le taux d’efficacité de refroidissement (CER - cooling efficiency ratio) en tant qu’indicateur-clé de performance (KPI) dans le but de quantifier l’utilisation efficace de l’énergie pour le contrôle de la température dans les espaces des centres de traitement de données.
Le présent document:
a) définit le taux d’efficacité de refroidissement (CER) d’un centre de traitement de données;
b) décrit les relations entre ce KPI et l’infrastructure d’un centre de traitement de données, les appareils de traitement de l’information qui y sont hébergés et leurs fonctionnements;
c) définit le mesurage, le calcul et la génération de rapports du paramètre;
d) fournit des informations relatives à l’interprétation correcte du CER.
L’Annexe A décrit la corrélation du CER avec d’autres KPI.
L’Annexe B fournit des exemples d’application du CER.
L’Annexe C présente les paramètres qui ont une incidence sur le CER
L’Annexe D décrit les exigences et les recommandations relatives aux KPI associés au CER ainsi qu’à ses dérivés.

Informacijska tehnologija - Naprave in infrastruktura podatkovnih centrov - 4-7. del: Faktor učinkovitosti hlajenja

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 31-Jul-2019
• Publication Date: 28-Apr-2020
• ICS: 35.110 - Networking
• Technical Committee: ELI - Electrical and communication installations
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 22-Apr-2020
• Due Date: 27-Jun-2020
• Completion Date: 29-Apr-2020
• Mandate: M/462 - Standardisation mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of ICT to enable efficient energy use in fixed and mobile information and communication networks
• Ref Project: EN 50600-4-7:2020 - Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-7: Cooling Efficiency Ratio

EN 50600-4-7:2020 - Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) (CLC)

Overview

EN 50600-4-7:2020 defines the Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify how efficiently a data centre uses electrical energy to remove heat and control temperature. Published by CENELEC/CLC in 2020, this European standard is part of the EN 50600 series for data centre facilities and infrastructures and complements other KPIs (e.g., PUE). The standard specifies the definition, measurement, calculation and reporting of CER and provides guidance for correct interpretation.

Key topics and technical requirements

• CER definition and formula: CER = Q_removed / E_cooling
  • Q_removed = total heat removed from the data centre (kWh)
  • E_cooling = electrical energy consumed by cooling systems (kWh)
  • Both quantities must be measured over the same period T (units in kWh).
• Scope and applicability: CER applies to the data centre infrastructure within facility boundaries and addresses efficiency of cooling systems and HVAC components.
• Measurement and reporting: The standard details requirements and recommendations for how to measure, calculate and report CER consistently for benchmarking and operational monitoring.
• Relationship to IT and operations: Describes how CER links to information technology equipment, cooling infrastructure and operational practices.
• Derivatives and related metrics: Introduces derivatives such as Cooling Performance Ratio (CPR) and interim CER (iCER) to suit different measurement circumstances.
• Informative and normative annexes:
  • Annex A: correlation of CER with other KPIs (e.g., PUE)
  • Annex B: example applications
  • Annex C: parameters affecting CER (environmental and design factors)
  • Annex D: requirements/recommendations for KPI derivatives

Applications and who uses it

• Primary users: data centre managers, facility managers, ICT managers, owners, architects, designers, contractors and integrators.
• Practical uses:
  • Benchmarking cooling system efficiency and tracking improvements over time.
  • Specifying and procuring HVAC and cooling equipment with measurable performance targets.
  • Supporting energy management, sustainability reporting and carbon-reduction efforts.
  • Clarifying measurement boundaries in multi-purpose buildings where shared infrastructure complicates energy allocation.
  • Correlating CER with other KPIs (PUE, Renewable Energy Factor) to form a balanced efficiency dashboard.

Related standards

• EN 50600-1 (General concepts)
• EN 50600-4-1 (Overview and general requirements for KPIs)
• EN 50600-4-2 (PUE)
• EN 50600-3-1 (Operational information)
  EN 50600-4-7 is intended to be used alongside these EN 50600 series documents for comprehensive data centre design, operation and energy-efficiency management.

Keywords: EN 50600-4-7:2020, Cooling Efficiency Ratio, CER, data centre, KPI, cooling efficiency, HVAC, PUE, energy efficiency, CLC, CENELEC.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2020
Informacijska tehnologija - Naprave in infrastruktura podatkovnih centrov - 4-7.
del: Faktor učinkovitosti hlajenja
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-7: Cooling
Efficiency Ratio (CER)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50600-4-7:2020
ICS:
35.110 Omreževanje Networking
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50600-4-7

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2020
ICS 35.020; 35.160; 35.110
English Version
Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures
- Part 4-7: Cooling Efficiency Ratio
Technologie de l'information - Installation et infrastructures Informationstechnik - Einrichtungen und Infrastrukturen von
de centres de traitement de données - Partie 4-7: Taux Rechenzentren - Teil 4-7: Wirkungsgrad der Kühlung (CER)
d'efficacité de refroidissement
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-02-10. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50600-4-7:2020 E
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations. 7
3.3 Symbols . 8
4 Applicable area of the data centre . 8
5 Determination of Cooling Efficiency Ratio . 8
5.1 Definition of CER . 8
5.2 Determining total energy use in multi-purpose buildings using CER . 9
6 Measurement of Cooling Efficiency Ratio . 10
6.1 General .10
6.2 Requirements .10
6.3 Recommendations .10
7 Reporting of CER . 10
7.1 General .10
7.2 Requirements .10
7.3 Recommendations .11
Annex A (informative) Correlation of CER and other KPIs . 12
Annex B (normative) Examples of usage of CER. 13
Annex C (informative) Parameters influencing CER. 14
Annex D (normative) Derivatives of CER . 15
Bibliography . 18
Figures
Figure 1 — Schematic relationship between the EN 50600 series of documents . 5
Figure 2 — Heat loads in multipurpose buildings and energy used for cooling . 9
Figure D.1 — Example of measured CEF and it’s derivatives . 17
Tables
Table A.1 — Terms of efficiency for cooling machines . 12

European foreword
This document (EN 50600-4-7:2020) has been prepared by CLC/TC 215 “Electrotechnical aspects of
telecommunication equipment”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2021-02-10
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2023-02-10
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association.
Introduction
The unrestricted access to internet-based information demanded by the information society has led to an
exponential growth of both internet traffic and the volume of stored/retrieved data. Data centres are housing
and supporting the information technology and network telecommunications equipment for data processing,
data storage and data transport. They are required both by network operators (delivering those services to
customer premises) and by enterprises within those customer premises.
Data centres need to provide modular, scalable and flexible facilities and infrastructures to easily
accommodate the rapidly changing requirements of the market. In addition, energy consumption of data
centres has become critical both from an environmental point of view (reduction of carbon footprint) and with
respect to economic considerations (cost of energy) for the data centre operator.
The implementation of data centres varies in terms of:
a) purpose (enterprise, co-location, co-hosting, or network operator facilities);
b) security level;
c) physical size;
d) accommodation (mobile, temporary and permanent constructions).
The needs of data centres also vary in terms of availability of service, the provision of security and the
objectives for energy efficiency. These needs and objectives influence the design of data centres in terms of
building construction, power distribution, environmental control and physical security. Effective management
and operational information is required to monitor achievement of the defined needs and objectives.
This series of European Standards specifies requirements and recommendations to support the various
parties involved in the design, planning, procurement, integration, installation, operation and maintenance of
facilities and infrastructures within data centres. These parties include:
1) owners, facility managers, ICT managers, project managers, main contractors;
2) architects, consultants, building designers and builders, system and installation designers;
3) facility and infrastructure integrators, suppliers of equipment;
4) installers, maintainers.
At the time of publication of this document, the EN 50600 series will comprise the following standards and
documents:
— EN 50600-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 1: General
concepts;
— EN 50600-2-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-1: Building
construction;
— EN 50600-2-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-2: Power
supply and distribution;
— EN 50600-2-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-3:
Environmental control;
— EN 50600-2-4, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-4:
Telecommunications cabling infrastructure;
— EN 50600-2-5, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 2-5: Security
systems;
— EN 50600-3-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 3-1:
Management and operational information;
— EN 50600-4-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-1: Overview
of and general requirements for key performance indicators;
— EN 50600-4-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-2: Power
Usage Effectiveness;
— EN 50600-4-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-3: Renewable
Energy Factor;
— FprEN 50600-4-6, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-6: Energy
Reuse Factor
— FprEN 50600-4-7, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4-7: Cooling
Efficiency Ratio;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-1, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-1:
Recommended practices for energy management;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-2, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-2:
Recommended practices for environmental sustainability;
— CLC/TR 50600-99-3, Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 99-3:
Guidance to the application of EN 50600 series
The inter-relationship of the standards within the EN 50600 series is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 — Schematic relationship between the EN 50600 series of documents
EN 50600-2-X standards specify requirements and recommendations for particular facilities and
infrastructures to support the relevant classification for “availability”, “physical security” and “energy efficiency
enablement” selected from EN 50600-1.
EN 50600-3-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for data centre operations, processes
and management.
EN 50600-4-X documents specify requirements and recommendations for key performance indicators (KPIs)
used to assess and improve the resource usage efficiency and effectiveness, respectively, of a data centre.
In today’s digital society data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an inevitable
consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption despite the most stringent energy
efficiency strategies. This makes the need for key performance indicators that cover the effective use of
resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of CO emissions essential.
NOTE Within the EN 50600-4-X series, the term “resource usage effectiveness” is more generally used for KPIs in
preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and output parameters used to
define the KPI have the same units.
In order to enable the optimum resource effectiveness of data centres a suite of effective KPIs is needed to
measure and report on resources consumed in order to develop an improvement roadmap.
These standards are intended to accelerate the provision of operational infrastructures with improved
resource usage effectiveness.
This document specifies Cooling Efficiency Ratio to determine the efficient utilization of energy resources to
provide the temperature control required by spaces of the data centre.
Additional standards in the EN 50600-4-X series will be developed, each describing a specific KPI for
resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
The EN 50600-4-X series does not specify limits or targets for any KPI and does not describe or imply, unless
specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI for data
centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency.
This document is intended for use by and collaboration between data centre managers, facility managers, ICT
managers, and main contractors.
This series of European Standards does not address the selection of information technology and network
telecommunications equipment, software and associated configuration issues.
1 Scope
This document specifies the Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify
the efficient use of energy to control the temperature of the spaces within the data centre.
This document:
a) defines the Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) of a data centre;
b) describes the relationship of this KPI to a data centre’s infrastructure, information technology equipment
and information technology operations;
c) defines the measurement, the calculation and the reporting of the parameter;
d) provides information on the correct interpretation of the CER.
Annex A describes the correlation of CER and other KPIs.
Annex B provides examples of the application of CER.
Annex C introduces the parameters that affect CER.
Annex D describes requirements and recommendations for derivatives of KPIs associated with CER.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50600-1, Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 1: General concepts
EN 50600-4-1, Information technology - Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 4-1: Overview of and
general requirements for key performance indicators
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 50600-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
Cooling Efficiency Ratio
ratio of total heat removed and electrical energy used by a cooling system
3.1.2
Cooling Performance Ratio
ratio of actual heat load and electrical power used by a cooling system
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations given in EN 50600-1, EN 50600-4-1 and the following
apply.
CEF Cooling Efficiency Factor
CER Cooling Efficiency Ratio
CPR Cooling Performance Ratio
HVAC Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
iCER interim Cooling Efficiency Ratio
KPI Key Performance Indicator
PUE Power Usage Effectiveness
pCEF partial Cooling Efficiency Factor
pPUE partial Power Usage Effectiveness
pPUE partial Power Usage Effectiveness for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems
HVAC
3.3 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
E Electrical Energy used by cooling systems
Cooling
E Part of E that is accounted to the data centre
CoolDC Cooling
E Electrical Energy transferred to heat
heat
E Electrical Energy used by air conditioning systems
HVAC,DC
E Electrical Energy used by IT equipment
IT
E Electrical Energy loss in UPS
UPSloss
E Total energy used by the data centre calculated from CER
total
Q actual heat load from data centre
Q heat quantity removed by the cooling system
removed
P actual electrical power of the cooling systems
Cooling
4 Applicable area of the data centre
Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) as specified in this document:
a) is associated with the data centre infrastructure within its boundaries only;
b) describes the efficiency of a cooling system with respect to its electrical energy use.
Derivatives of CER which are useful in certain circumstances are described in Annex D (Cooling Performance
Ratio (CPR), interim CER (iCER)).
5 Determination of Cooling Efficiency Ratio
5.1 Definition of CER
The Cooling Efficiency Ratio (CER) is defined as follows:
Q
removed
CER = (1)
E
cooling
Where
Q = total heat removed from data centre in kWh
removed
E = energy consumption (annual) of the cooling systems in kWh
cooling
Both Q and E shall be measured in kWh and for the same period T.
removed cooling
NOTE In EN 50600-3-1:2016, Formula (1) is designated as EER. This will be corrected with the revision of
EN 50600-3-1.
5.2 Determining total energy use in multi-purpose buildings using CER
Calculation of PUE for data centres located in multi-purpose can be a challenge, when parts of the
infrastructure are shared between the data centre and e.g. the office building. Separating electrical energy use
can be easily arranged with sub-meters in the power trail. When the offices are equipped with UPS secured
sockets, UPS losses need to be split up for offices and data centre. This can be accomplished by
determination of the UPS loss with a meter before the UPS and meters on every line behind the UPS. For a
large data centre in a small office building the loss attributed to the offices may even be ignored.
The majo
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