SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
(Main)Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (ISO 4545-2:2005)
This part of ISO 4545 specifies the method of verification of testing machines for determining Knoop hardness for metallic materials in accordance with ISO 4545-1-1. It covers test forces from 0, 098 07 N to 19, 614 N. The method is recommended only for indentations with diagonals W 0, 020 mm. It specifies a direct verification method for checking the main functions of the machine, and an indirect verification method suitable for the overall checking of the machine. The indirect verification method may be used on its own for periodic routine checking of the machine in service. If a testing machine is also to be used for other methods of hardness testing, it should be verified independently for each method.
Metallische Werkstoffe - Härteprüfung nach Knoop - Teil 2: Prüfung und Kalibrierung der Prüfmaschinen (ISO 4545-2:2005)
In diesem Teil von ISO 4545 ist das Verfahren für die Prüfung von Härteprüfmaschinen zur Bestimmung der Knoop-Härte von metallischen Werkstoffen nach ISO 4545 festgelegt. Es sind Prüfkräfte von 0,098 07 N bis 19,614 N abgedeckt. Das Verfahren wird nur für Eindrücke mit Diagonalen 3 0,020 mm empfohlen.
Es ist ein direktes Verfahren zur Prüfung der Hauptfunktionen der Härteprüfmaschine und ein indirektes Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung der Funktionsfähigkeit der Härteprüfmaschine festgelegt. Das indirekte Verfahren kann für die regelmäßige Routineüberprüfung der Maschine beim Anwender angewendet werden.
Ist eine Prüfmaschine auch für andere Härteprüfverfahren vorgesehen, sollte sie für jedes Verfahren einzeln geprüft werden.
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de dureté Knoop - Partie 2: Vérification et étalonnage des machines d'essai (ISO 4545-2:2005)
L'ISO 4545-2:2005 spécifie une méthode de vérification des machines d'essai utilisées pour la détermination de la dureté Knoop pour les matériaux métalliques conformément à l'ISO 4545-1. Elle couvre des forces d'essai de 0,098 07 N à 19,614 N. La méthode est recommandée seulement pour les empreintes de diagonales supérieures ou égales à 0,020 mm.
Kovinski materiali – Preskus trdote po Knoopu – 2. del: Preverjanje in umerjanje naprav za preskušanje (ISO 4545-2:2005)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
01-marec-2006
Kovinski materiali – Preskus trdote po Knoopu – 2. del: Preverjanje in umerjanje
naprav za preskušanje (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing
machines (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Metallische Werkstoffe - Härteprüfung nach Knoop - Teil 2: Prüfung und Kalibrierung der
Prüfmaschinen (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de dureté Knoop - Partie 2: Vérification et étalonnage des
machines d'essai (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4545-2:2005
ICS:
77.040.10 Mehansko preskušanje kovin Mechanical testing of metals
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 4545-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2005
ICS 77.040.10
English Version
Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 2: Verification
and calibration of testing machines (ISO 4545-2:2005)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de dureté Knoop - Partie 2: Metallische Werkstoffe - Härteprüfung nach Knoop - Teil 2:
Vérification et étalonnage des machines d'essai (ISO 4545- Prüfung und Kalibrierung der Prüfmaschinen (ISO 4545-
2:2005) 2:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 October 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4545-2:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
EN ISO 4545-2:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 4545-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164
"Mechanical testing of metals" in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 "Steel -
Mechanical testing", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2006, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2006.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4545-2:2005 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4545-2:2005 without any
modifications.
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4545-2
First edition
2005-11-15
Metallic materials — Knoop hardness
test —
Part 2:
Verification and calibration of testing
machines
Matériaux métalliques — Essai de dureté Knoop —
Partie 2: Vérification et étalonnage des machines d'essai
Reference number
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 General conditions . 1
4 Direct verification. 2
5 Indirect verification. 4
6 Intervals between verifications . 6
7 Verification report/calibration certificate . 6
Annex A (informative) Notes on diamond indenters . 7
Annex B (informative) Uncertainty of measurement of the calibration results of the hardness
testing machine. 8
Bibliography . 14
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4545-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee
SC 3, Hardness testing.
ISO 4545-2 cancels and replaces ISO 4546:1993, which has been technically revised.
ISO 4545 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials — Knoop hardness test:
— Part 1: Test method
— Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
— Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
— Part 4: Table of hardness values
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
Metallic materials — Knoop hardness test —
Part 2:
Verification and calibration of testing machines
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4545 specifies the method of verification of testing machines for determining Knoop hardness
for metallic materials in accordance with ISO 4545-1-1. It covers test forces from 0,098 07 N to 19,614 N. The
method is recommended only for indentations with diagonals W 0,020 mm.
It specifies a direct verification method for checking the main functions of the machine, and an indirect
verification method suitable for the overall checking of the machine. The indirect verification method may be
used on its own for periodic routine checking of the machine in service.
If a testing machine is also to be used for other methods of hardness testing, it should be verified
independently for each method.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 376:2004, Metallic materials — Calibration of force-proving instuments used for the verification of uniaxial
testing machines
ISO 4545-1:2005, Metallic materials — Knoop hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 4545-3, Metallic materials — Knoop hardness test — Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
3 General conditions
Before a Knoop hardness testing machine is verified, it shall be checked to ensure that it is properly set up in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Especially, it should be checked that:
a) the mount holding the indenter is capable of moving freely without any friction or excess side play;
b) the indenter is firmly mounted in the mount;
c) the test force can be applied and removed without shock or vibration and in such a manner that the
readings are not influenced;
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
d) the measuring system is integral with the machine:
⎯ the change in mode from the application and removal of the test force to the measuring mode does
not influence the readings,
⎯ illumination does not affect the readings,
⎯ the centre of the indentation is near the centre of the field of view.
4 Direct verification
4.1 General
4.1.1 Direct verification should be carried out at a temperature of (23 ± 5) °C. If the verification is carried out
at a temperature outside this range, it shall be noted in the verification report.
4.1.2 The instruments used for verification and calibration shall be traceable to national standards.
4.1.3 Direct verification involves:
a) calibration of the test force;
b) verification of the indenter;
c) calibration of the measuring system;
d) verification of the testing cycle.
4.2 Calibration of the test force
4.2.1 Each test force used (see Table 2 in ISO 4545-1:2005), within the working range of the testing
machine, shall be measured.
4.2.2 The test force shall be measured by one of the following two methods:
⎯ by means of an elastic proving device in accordance with ISO 376:2004, class 1, or
⎯ by balancing against a force, accurate to ± 0,2 %, applied by means of calibrated masses or another
method with the same accuracy.
4.2.3 Three readings shall be taken for each test force. Immediately before each reading is taken, the
indenter shall be moved in the same direction as during the test. All readings shall be within the tolerances
defined in Table 1.
Table 1 — Test-force tolerances
Test force, F Tolerance
N %
0,098 07 u F < 1,961
± 1,5
1,961 u F u 19,614
± 1,0
4.3 Verification of the indenter
4.3.1 The four faces of the diamond pyramid shall be polished and free from surface defects.
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
4.3.2 Verification of the shape of the indenter can be made by direct measurement or optical measurement.
The device used for the verification shall be accurate to within ± 0,07°.
4.3.3 The angle α between the opposite edges at the vertex of the diamond pyramid shall be (172,5 ± 0,1)°
(see Figure 1).
4.3.4 The angle β between the opposite edges at the vertex of the diamond pyramid shall be (130 ± 1,0)°
(see Figure 1).
4.3.5 The indenter constant c (see ISO 4545-1:2005, Table 1) shall be within 1,0 % of the ideal value
0,070 28, (0,069 58 u c u 0,070 98).
NOTE To achieve the tolerances for the indenter constant c, the values of angle α and/or angle β may be kept to
closer tolerances than given above.
4.3.6 The angle between the axis of the diamond pyramid and the axis of the indenter holder (normal to the
seating surface) shall be within ± 0,5°.
4.3.7 The four faces shall meet at a common point. The maximum permissible length of the line of
conjunction between opposite faces shall be less than 1,0 µm (see Figure 2).
NOTE For indents less than 0,020 mm, the maximum permissible length of the line of conjunction should be
proportionally less. The line of conjunction may be determined by measuring an indentation.
4.4 Calibration of the measuring system
4.4.1 The system for measuring the long diagonal of the indentation shall be calibrated at each
magnification to be used against an accurately ruled line scale (object micrometer) or system of equivalent
accuracy. The errors of the line scale shall be known within an uncertainty of 0,1 µm or 0,05 %, whichever is
greater.
4.4.2 The measuring system shall be verified by measurements made on a stage micrometer at a minimum
of five intervals over each working range.
Figure 1 — Principle of the test and indenter geometry
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4545-2:2006
ISO 4545-2:2005(E)
Dimensions in µm
Figure 2 — Line of conjunction on the top of the indenter (schematic)
4.4.3 The maximum permissible error of the measuring system shall be ± 0,5 % or 0,4 µm, whichever is
greater. If necessary, a calibration factor can be applied to comply with this tolerance.
4.5 Verification of the testing cycle
The testing cycle shall be timed with an uncertainty of 1 s and shall conform to the testing cycle of ISO 4545-1.
5 Indirect verification
5.1 Indirect verification should be carried out at a temperature of (23 ± 5) °C by means of reference blocks
calibrated in accordance with ISO 4545-3. If the verification is carried out at a temperature outside this range,
it shall be noted in the verification report.
5.2 On each reference block, measure the reference indentation. For each block, the difference between
the mean measured value and the certified long diagonal shall not exceed the greater o
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.