SIST EN 13288:2006
(Main)Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design, installation, operation and maintenance of lifting and tilting machines used, in bakeries, for lifting and/or tilting a container or a machine with non removable bowl containing dough or pastry and for tipping the contents at the top end of the stroke.
The lifting and tilting machines can be stationary or movable and are designed for semi-manufactured products (mixtures of flour, water and other ingredients) or raw material (flour, mixtures etc.). The direction of lifting can be vertical, inclined or combined and follows a track fixed by mechanical guides, or articulated arms.
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to lifting and tilting machines, when used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
This European Standard does not deal with the hazards due to the mixing or other function of the bowl (for dough mixers see EN 453).
The following machines are excluded:
experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
domestic appliances;
automatic mobile equipment, for example bucket trucks;
lift trucks;
automatic devices working in automatic production lines (where the initiation of the movement is not due to an human action).
Also excluded, are the hazards due to the powered movement of mobile machines.
When drafting this European Standard, it has been assumed that the machines are not intended to be cleaned with a water jet.
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard by lifting and tilting machines for bakery. This does not mean that the manufacturer of the machine is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration. A noise test code is therefore given in Annex A.
This European Standard is not applicable to lifting and tilting machines for bakery which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für Bottiche - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt die Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen für die Konstruktion, den Betrieb und die Wartung von Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen, die zum Anheben und/oder Kippen eines Troges oder einer Maschine mit einem in Bäckereien genutzten nichtaustauschbaren mit Teig oder Konditoreiwaren gefüllten Bottich und zum Auskippen des Inhalts am oberen Endanschlag genutzt werden.
Die Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen können fest stehend oder verfahrbar sein und sind für halbfertige Produkte (Mischungen aus Mehl, Wasser und anderen Zutaten) und Rohstoffe (Mehl, Mischungen usw.) konstruiert. Die Hubrichtung kann vertikal, geneigt oder kombiniert sein und folgt einer Bahn, die durch mechanische Führungen oder Gelenkarme festgelegt ist.
Diese Europäische Norm berücksichtigt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefahrensituationen und Ereignisse von Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen, die relevant für den bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch unter den vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Bedingungen sind (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Diese Europäische Norm berücksichtigt nicht die Gefährdungen in Zusammenhang mit Kneten oder anderen Funktionen des Bottichs (für Teigknetmaschinen siehe EN 453).
Folgende Maschinen sind ausgeschlossen:
- Versuchs- und Prüfmaschinen, die beim Hersteller in Entwicklung sind;
- Haushaltsgeräte;
- kraftbewegte Hebezeuge, wie z. B. Trogförderer;
- Hubwagen;
- automatische in Produktionslinien arbeitende Geräte (bei denen die Bewegung nicht durch eine unmittelbare Aktion des Operators ausgelöst wird).
Ebenso sind alle Gefährdungen durch kraftbetriebene Bewegungen mobiler Maschinen nicht berücksichtigt.
Während der Erarbeitung dieser Europäischen Norm wurde angenommen, dass es nicht vorgesehen ist, diese Maschinen mit einem Wasserstrahl zu reinigen.
Die Gefährdung durch Lärm wird bei diesen Maschinen als nicht signifikant eingestuft. Das bedeutet nicht, dass der Hersteller dieser Maschinen von Geräuschminderungsmaßnahmen und einer Erklärung zur Geräuschentwicklung bef
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Elévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions relatives a la sécurité et a l'hygiene
La présente norme spécifie les prescriptions de sécurité et d'hygiene relatives a la conception et a la construction des machines élévateurs/basculeurs de cuves utilisées pour le levage d'un récipient contenant de la pâte ou la pâtisserie et pour le renversement du contenu en fin de course haute. Les machines élévateurs/basculeurs de cuves peuvent etre fixes ou amovibles et sont conçus pour des produits semi-finis (mélanges de farine, eau et autres ingrédients) ou pour des matieres premieres (farine, mélanges...).
Stroji za predelavo hrane – Dvigalniki in zvračalniki za posode – Varnostne in higienske zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13288:2006
01-marec-2006
6WURML]DSUHGHODYRKUDQH±'YLJDOQLNLLQ]YUDþDOQLNL]DSRVRGH±9DUQRVWQHLQ
KLJLHQVNH]DKWHYH
Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene
requirements
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für Bottiche - Sicherheits- und
Hygieneanforderungen
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Elévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions
relatives a la sécurité et a l'hygiene
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13288:2005
ICS:
67.260 Tovarne in oprema za Plants and equipment for the
živilsko industrijo food industry
SIST EN 13288:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13288:2006
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SIST EN 13288:2006
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13288
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2005
ICS 67.260
English Version
Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines -
Safety and hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für
élévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions relatives à la Bottiche - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
sécurité et à l'hygiène
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 August 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13288:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction.5
1 Scope.6
2 Normative references.6
3 Terms, definitions and description.8
3.1 Terms and definitions.8
3.2 Description – Types of machines dealt with in this European Standard.8
3.2.1 General.8
3.2.2 Type A: Lifting and tilting bowl (see Figures 1a, 1b and 1c).8
3.2.3 Type B: Lifting and tilting mixing machine (see Figures 2a and 2b).9
3.2.4 Type C: Tilting bowl (see Figure 3).10
4 List of significant hazards.11
4.1 General.11
4.2 Mechanical hazards.11
4.3 Electrical hazards.12
4.4 Hazard generated by neglecting hygienic design principles.12
4.5 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles .13
4.6 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment.13
5 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures.13
5.1 General.13
5.2 Mechanical hazards.13
5.2.1 General.13
5.2.2 Zone 1 – Area below bowl or mixing machine .13
5.2.3 Zone 2 – Path of movement of bowl or mixing machine.16
5.2.4 Zone 3 – Transmission machinery and (where used) pulleys and chains or wire ropes .16
5.2.5 Zone 4 – Discharge zone .17
5.2.6 Mechanical strength and stability.17
5.3 Electrical hazards.18
5.3.1 Safety requirements related to electromagnetic phenomena.18
5.3.2 Protection against electric shock (see Clause 6 of EN 60204-1:1997).18
5.3.3 Power circuits (see 7.2.3 of EN 60204-1:1997) .18
5.3.4 Protection against earth faults in control circuits (EN 60204-1:1997, 9.4.3.1).18
5.3.5 Emergency stop (see 10.7 of EN 60204-1:1997).18
5.3.6 Start function (see 10.6 of EN 60204-1:1997) .19
5.3.7 Unexpected start-up (see 7.5 of EN 60204-1:1997).19
5.3.8 Motor enclosures (see 15.2 of EN 60204-1:1997).19
5.3.9 Electrical requirements of controls .19
5.4 Hygiene requirements.19
5.4.1 Food area.19
5.4.2 Splash area.19
5.4.3 Non food area.19
5.5 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles .21
5.6 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment.21
6 Verification of safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures .21
7 Information for use .22
7.1 General.22
7.2 Signal and warning devices .22
7.3 Instruction handbook.22
7.4 Marking.23
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Annex A (normative) Noise test code for lifting and tilting machines for bakery (Grade 2 of
accuracy) .24
A.1 Terms and definitions.24
A.2 Installation and mounting conditions.24
A.3 Operating conditions.24
A.3.1 Operating conditions for machines of types A and B.24
A.3.2 Operating conditions for machines of type C.24
A.4 Emission sound pressure level determination.25
A.5 Measurement uncertainties.25
A.6 Information to be recorded.25
A.7 Information to be reported .25
A.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values .26
Annex B (normative) Principles of design to ensure the cleanability of lifting and tilting machines
for bakery .27
B.1 Definitions.27
B.2 Materials of construction.27
B.2.1 Type of materials .27
B.2.2 Surface conditions.27
B.3 Design.29
B.3.1 Connections of internal surfaces .29
B.3.2 Surface assemblies and overlaps.32
B.3.3 Fasteners.37
B.3.4 Feet, support and bases for cleaning the machines underneath.38
B.3.5 Ventilation openings.40
B.3.6 Hinges.41
B.3.7 Control panel.42
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC.44
Bibliography.45
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Foreword
This European Standard (EN 13288:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Food
processing machinery — Safety and hygiene specifications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2006.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European
Standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design, installation, operation and
maintenance of lifting and tilting machines used, in bakeries, for lifting and/or tilting a container or a machine
with non removable bowl containing dough or pastry and for tipping the contents at the top end of the stroke.
The lifting and tilting machines can be stationary or movable and are designed for semi-manufactured
products (mixtures of flour, water and other ingredients) or raw material (flour, mixtures etc.). The direction of
lifting can be vertical, inclined or combined and follows a track fixed by mechanical guides, or articulated arms.
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to lifting
and tilting machines, when used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see
clause 4).
This European Standard does not deal with the hazards due to the mixing or other function of the bowl (for
dough mixers see EN 453).
The following machines are excluded:
experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
domestic appliances;
automatic mobile equipment, for example bucket trucks;
lift trucks;
automatic devices working in automatic production lines (where the initiation of the movement is not due
to an human action).
Also excluded, are the hazards due to the powered movement of mobile machines.
When drafting this European Standard, it has been assumed that the machines are not intended to be cleaned
with a water jet.
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard by lifting and tilting machines for bakery. This does not
mean that the manufacturer of the machine is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration.
A noise test code is therefore given in Annex A.
This European Standard is not applicable to lifting and tilting machines for bakery which are manufactured
before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper
limbs.
EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body.
EN 418, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects – Principles for design.
EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for design.
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EN 614-1:1995, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles.
EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and
movable guards.
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for
design.
EN 982, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Hydraulics.
EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Pneumatics.
EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up.
EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards Principles for design and
selection.
EN 1672-2:2005, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements.
EN 60204-1:1997, Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997).
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989).
EN 61310-1, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1:Requirements for visual,
auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:1995).
EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994).
EN ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: profile method — Terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters (ISO 4287:1997).
EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment
(ISO 4871:1996).
EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound
pressure levels at a workstation and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free
field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995).
EN ISO 12001:1996, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Rules for the drafting and
presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996).
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003).
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3 Terms, definitions and description
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and in
EN 1672-2:2005 apply.
In this European Standard, the word “bowl” is used for any container.
3.2 Description – Types of machines dealt with in this European Standard
3.2.1 General
Lifting and tilting machines include devices which lift and/or overturn an entire mixing machine (mixer) or a
container (container: vessel where is the product, it can be e. g. a bowl, a tank, a skip, a trolley).
Three types of mechanisms are used:
• “simple guide” (the bowl or mixing machine can be dismantled and is located on a fork or platform, guided
by a single, vertical or inclined mast. Raising or lowering may be by a screw or chain or hydraulic or
pneumatic lifting system);
• “double guide” (the bowl or mixing machine moves on two vertical or inclined guides and can be
dismantled. The device is generally provided with a cable or chain hoist mechanism); and
• “articulated arm” machines (the bowl or mixing machine can be dismantled and is moved by one or more
articulated arms driven mechanically or hydraulically or pneumatically) exist.
3.2.2 Type A: Lifting and tilting bowl (see Figures 1a, 1b and 1c)
The bowl can be dismantled from the dough mixer. It moves on vertical or inclined guides or is guided by one
or more articulated arms.
The device is generally provided with a cable or chain hoist mechanism.
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Figure 1a: Type A — Simple Figure 1c: Type A — Articulated
Figure 1b: Type A — Double guide
guide arm
3.2.3 Type B: Lifting and tilting mixing machine (see Figures 2a and 2b)
The mixing machine (usually dough mixer) is incorporated to the elevator and guided by a single or double,
vertical or inclined mast or even by one or more articulated arms.
Raising or lowering may be by a screw or chain or hydraulic or pneumatic lifting system.
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Figure 2a: Type B — Mixing machine incorporated into simple guide elevator
Figure 2b: Type B — Mixing machine incorporated into articulated arm elevator
3.2.4 Type C: Tilting bowl (see Figure 3)
The bowl can be dismantled from the dough mixer and is located on a fork or platform. When the bowl is in
position, the machine makes a rotation around a fixed axis.
The device is driven mechanically or hydraulically or pneumatically.
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Figure 3: Type C — Tilting bowl machine
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This Clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with
in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which
require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Before using this European Standard it is important to carry out a risk assessment of the lifting and tilting
machine to check that its significant hazards are identified in this clause.
4.2 Mechanical hazards
Figures 4a, 4b, and 4c indicate the hazard zones. Individual hazards in these zones are as follows:
Zone 1: Area below bowl and/or mixing machine:
hazards of trapping and crushing at ground level during normal descent;
hazards of impact or crushing by uncontrolled descent e. g. in the event of mechanical failure or
failure of the control system;
Zone 2: Path of movement of bowl and/or mixing machine:
hazards of impact with moving parts;
hazards of crushing or shearing between moving and fixed components;
Zone 3: Transmission machinery and (where used) pulleys and chains or wire ropes:
hazards of drawing in, shearing, crushing or entanglement;
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Zone 4: Discharge zone:
hazards of impact or crushing by tipped contents;
Other mechanical hazards:
hazards of crushing, shearing, impact due to loss of stability.
Key
1 zone 1
2 zone 2
3 zone 3
4 zone 4
Figure 4b — Danger zones for Figure 4c — Danger zones for
Figure 4a — Danger zones for
a double guide machine an articulated arm machine
a simple guide machine
4.3 Electrical hazards
Hazard of electric shock from direct or indirect contact with live components.
Hazard of external influences on electrical equipment (e.g. cleaning with water).
4.4 Hazard generated by neglecting hygienic design principles
The neglect of hygienic principles can create unacceptable modification of foodstuff and therefore a risk to
human health of the operator and consumer, i.e. through physical, chemical or microbial pollution.
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4.5 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
During operation, cleaning and maintenance, there is a risk of injury or chronic damage to the body resulting
from awkward body postures.
Movement of the bowl between different working stations, its loading and its unloading can create a risk of
injury or chronic damage to the body from lifting, pushing and pulling of heavy loads.
A poor visibility from the operating position can create a risk of injury for the operator or another person.
4.6 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment
Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment presents crushing, shearing, ejection of parts, explosion and injection of
fluids hazards. Stored energy in pneumatic or hydraulic systems may cause mechanisms to move
unexpectedly even when power supplies are disconnected.
5 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures of this Clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for hazards relevant
but not significant which are not dealt with by this European Standard.
NOTE For hazards which are to be reduced by the application of type B standards such as EN 294, EN 349, EN 418,
EN 574, EN 614-1, EN 953, EN 954-1, EN 982, EN 983, EN 1037, EN 1088, EN 60204-1 and EN 60529, the manufacturer
should carry out a risk assessment to establish the requirements of that European Standard which are to be applied. This
specific risk assessment is part of the general risk assessment of the machine.
Where the means of reducing the risk is by the physical arrangement or positioning of the installed machine,
the manufacturer shall include in the information for use a reference to the reduction means to be provided,
and to any limiting value of the requirement, and, if appropriate, to the means of verification.
Where the means of reducing the risk is by a safe system of working the machinery, the manufacturer shall
include in the Information for use details of the system and of the elements of training required by the
operating personnel.
5.2 Mechanical hazards
5.2.1 General
Where reference is made to interlocking devices throughout Clause 5, they shall be interlocking devices
without guard locking and comply with 5 and 6 of EN 1088:1995.
Safety related parts of control systems shall be not less than category 1 as defined in 6 of EN 954-1:1996.
5.2.2 Zone 1 – Area below bowl or mixing machine
5.2.2.1 Trapping by descending bowl or mixing machine at ground level shall be prevented.
This may be achieved by either:
a) use of fixed and/or interlocking guards without guard locking to prevent access of the operator to the
moving bowl or mixing machine in accordance with EN 953, EN 294 and EN 1088. The mesh of the
enclosure shall meet the requirements of table 4 of EN 294:1992. An emergency stop (see 5.3.5 of this
European Standard) shall be located inside the enclosure. This emergency stop shall override any other
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command of the machine. Power operated d
...
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