SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
(Main)Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-2: Wind measurement - Application of ground-mounted remote sensing technology (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-2: Wind measurement - Application of ground-mounted remote sensing technology (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Part 50 of IEC 61400 specifies methods and requirements for the application of instruments to measure wind speed (and related parameters, e.g. wind direction and turbulence intensity). Such measurements are required as an input to some of the evaluation and testing procedures for wind energy and wind turbine technology (e.g. resource evaluation and turbine testing) described by other standards in the IEC 61400 series. Part 50-2 is applicable specifically to the use of ground mounted remote sensing wind measurement instruments, i.e devices which measure the wind at some location generally above and distant from the location at which the instrument is mounted (e.g. sodars, vertical profiling lidars). This document specifically excludes other types of RSD such as forward facing or scanning lidars.
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-2: Windmessungen - Anwendung der bodengestützten Fernerkundungstechnologie (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-2: Mesurage du vent - Application de la technologie de télédétection montée au sol (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
IEC 61400-50-2:2022 s'applique spécifiquement à l'utilisation d'instruments de mesure du vent par télédétection montés au sol, c'est-à-dire des dispositifs qui mesurent le vent à un endroit généralement situé au-dessus et éloigné de l'endroit dans lequel l'instrument est monté (par exemple, sodars, lidars à profil vertical). Le présent document exclut spécifiquement d'autres types de RSD tels que les lidars dirigés vers l'avant ou les lidars à balayage. Le présent document spécifie les points suivants:
a. la procédure et les exigences de classification des RSD au sol afin d'évaluer l'incertitude liée à la sensibilité de la réponse du RSD aux conditions météorologiques qui peuvent varier entre le lieu et le moment de l'étalonnage du RSD et le lieu et le moment du cas d'utilisation (SMC – specific measurement campaign, campagne de mesure spécifique).
b. les procédures et les exigences relatives à l'étalonnage des RSD.
c. l'évaluation de l'incertitude de mesure de la vitesse du vent.
d. les contrôles supplémentaires des performances du RSD et de l'incertitude de mesure pendant la SMC.
e. l'application de l'incertitude de la vitesse du vent dérivée de l'étalonnage et de la classification du RSD aux mesurages effectués pendant la SMC (par exemple, interpolation de l'incertitude ou des résultats de l'étalonnage à différentes hauteurs).
f. exigences relatives aux rapports.
La présente première édition de l’IEC 61400-50-2 fait partie d’une révision structurelle qui annule et remplace les normes de performance IEC 61400-12-1:2017 et IEC 61400-12-2:2013. Cette révision structurelle ne contient aucune modification technique par rapport à l'IEC 61400-12-1:2017 et l'IEC 61400-12‑2:2013. Toutefois, les parties relatives aux mesurages du vent, au mesurage de l'étalonnage du site et à l'évaluation des obstacles et du terrain ont été extraites vers des normes distinctes.
Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 50-2. del: Meritve vetra - Uporaba talne tehnologije za daljinsko zaznavanje (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
01-december-2022
Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 50-2. del: Meritve vetra - Uporaba talne
tehnologije za daljinsko zaznavanje (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-2: Wind measurement - Application of ground-
mounted remote sensing technology (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-2: Windmessungen - Anwendung der bodengestützten
Fernerkundungstechnologie (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-2: Mesurage du vent - Application
de la technologie de télédétection montée au sol (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
ICS:
27.180 Vetrne elektrarne Wind turbine energy systems
SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 61400-50-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2022
ICS 27.180
English Version
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-2: Wind
measurement - Application of ground-mounted remote sensing
technology
(IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-2: Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-2: Windmessungen -
Mesurage du vent - Application de la technologie de Anwendung der bodengestützten
télédétection montée au sol Fernerkundungstechnologie
(IEC 61400-50-2:2022) (IEC 61400-50-2:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-10-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022 E
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EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 88/829/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 61400-50-2, prepared by IEC/TC 88 "Wind
energy generation systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-07-04
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-10-04
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-50-2:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 61400-12-1:2017 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61400-12-1:2017 (not modified)
2
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EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1
IEC 61400-50-1 - Wind energy generation systems - Part 50- EN IEC 61400-50-1 -
1: Wind Measurement - Application of
Meteorological Mast, Nacelle and Spinner
Mounted Instruments
1
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: FprEN IEC 61400-50-1:2022.
3
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-2:2022
IEC 61400-50-2
®
Edition 1.0 2022-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Wind energy generation systems –
Part 50-2: Wind measurement – Application of ground-mounted remote sensing
technology
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne –
Partie 50-2: Mesurage du vent – Application de la technologie de télédétection
montée au sol
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
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ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-5602-2
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 10
5 General . 11
6 Classification of RSDs . 13
6.1 General . 13
6.2 Data acquisition . 14
6.3 Data preparation . 15
6.4 Principle and requirements of a sensitivity test . 15
6.5 Assessment of environmental variable significance . 21
6.6 Assessment of interdependency between environmental variables . 22
6.7 Calculation of accuracy class . 24
6.8 Acceptance criteria . 26
6.9 Classification of RSD . 27
7 Verification of the performance of RSDs . 27
8 Evaluation of uncertainty of measurements by RSDs . 30
8.1 General . 30
8.2 Reference uncertainty . 30
8.3 Uncertainty resulting from the RSD calibration test . 30
8.4 Uncertainty due to RSD classification . 32
8.5 Uncertainty due to non-homogenous flow within the measurement volume . 33
8.6 Uncertainty due to mounting effects . 34
8.7 Combining uncertainties in the wind speed measurement from RSD (u ) . 34
VR,i
9 Additional checks . 34
9.1 Monitoring the performance of the RSD at the application site . 34
9.2 Identification of malfunctioning of the RSD . 34
9.3 Consistency check of the assessment of the RSD systematic uncertainties . 34
9.4 In-situ test of the RSD . 35
10 Application to SMC . 36
11 Reporting. 36
11.1 Common reporting on classification test, calibration test, and monitoring of
the RSD during SMC . 36
11.2 Additional reporting on classification test . 37
11.3 Additional reporting on calibration test . 37
11.4 Additional reporting on SMC . 38
Annex A (informative) Uncertainty due to non-homogenous flow within the
measurement volume . 39
Bibliography . 40
Figure 1 – Tilt angular response V ∕V of a cup anemometer as a function of flow
α α=0
angle α compared to cosine response (IEC 61400-50-1) . 17
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Figure 2 – Deviation versus upflow angle determined for an RSD with respect to the
cup anemometer in Figure 1 . 17
Figure 3 – Example of sensitivity analysis against wind shear . 19
Figure 4 – Example of wind shear versus turbulence intensity . 23
Figure 5 – Example of percentage deviation of RSD and reference sensor
measurements versus turbulence intensity . 23
Figure 6 – Comparison of 10 min averages of the horizontal wind speed component as
measured by an RSD and a cup anemometer . 29
Figure 7 – Bin-wise comparison of measurement of the horizontal wind speed
component of an RSD and a cup anemometer . 29
Table 1 – Interfaces from other standards to IEC 61400-50-2 . 12
Table 2 – Interfaces from IEC 61400-50-2 to other standards . 12
Table 3 – Bin width example for a list of environmental variables . 18
Table 4 – Parameters derived from a sensitivity analysis of an RSD . 20
Table 5 – Ranges of environmental parameters for sensitivity analysis . 21
Table 6 – Example selection of environmental variables found to have a significant
influence . 22
Table 7 – Sensitivity analysis parameters remaining after analysis of interdependency
of variables . 24
Table 8 – Example scheme for calculating maximum influence of environmental
variables . 25
Table 9 – Preliminary accuracy classes of an RSD considering both all and only the
most significant influential variables . 26
Table 10 – Example final accuracy classes of an RSD . 26
Table 11 – Example of uncertainty calculations arising from calibration of an RSD in
terms of systematic uncertainties . 31
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS –
Part 50-2: Wind measurement – Application of
ground-mounted remote sensing technology
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 61400-50-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 88: Wind energy generation
systems. It is an International Standard.
This first edition of IEC 61400-50-2 is part of a structural revision that cancels and replaces the
performance standards IEC 61400-12-1:2017 and IEC 61400-12-2:2013. The structural revision
contains no technical changes with respect to IEC 61400-12-1:2017 and IEC 61400-12-2:2013,
but the parts that relate to wind measurements, measurement of site calibration and assessment
of obstacle and terrain have been extracted into separate standards.
The purpose of the re-structure was to allow the future management and revision of the power
performance standards to be carried out more efficiently in terms of time and cost and to provide
a more logical division of the wind measurement requirements into a series of separate
standards which could be referred to by other use case standards in the IEC 61400 series and
subsequently maintained and developed by appropriate experts.
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IEC 61400-50-2:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
88/829/CDV 88/865/RVC
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61400 series, published under the general title Wind energy
generation systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61400 specifies procedures and methods which ensure that wind
measurements using ground-mounted remote sensing devices are carried out and reported
consistently and in accordance with best practice. This document does not define the purpose
or use case of the wind measurements. However, as this document forms part of the IEC 61400
series of standards, it is anticipated that the wind measurements will be used in relation to some
form of wind energy testing or resource assessment.
The main clauses of this document are not mutually dependent. Therefore, it is possible that a
user will refer to only certain of the main clauses rather than all clauses to adapt this document
to their specific use case. However, the main clauses are presented in a logical sequence that
could be applied in practice.
1
The technical content of this document could previously be found in IEC 61400-12-1:2017 [1] .
Because of the increasing complexity of this source document, IEC TC 88 decided that a re-
structuring of the IEC 61400-12 series of standards into a number of more specific parts would
allow more efficient management and maintenance going forward. This document has been
created as part of that re-structuring process.
___________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
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WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS –
Part 50-2: Wind measurement – Application of
ground-mounted remote sensing technology
1 Scope
IEC 61400-50 specifies methods and requirements for the application of instruments to
measure wind speed (and related parameters, e.g. wind direction and turbulence intensity).
Such measurements are required as an input to some of the evaluation and testing procedures
for wind energy and wind turbine technology (e.g. resource evaluation and turbine testing)
described by other standards in the IEC 61400 series. This document is applicable specifically
to the use of ground-mounted remote sensing wind measurement instruments, i.e. devices
which measure the wind at some location generally above and distant from the location at which
the instrument is mounted (e.g. sodars, vertical profiling lidars). This document specifically
excludes other types of RSD such as forward facing or scanning lidars. This document specifies
the following:
a) the procedure and requirements for classifying ground-based RSDs in order to assess the
uncertainty pertaining from sensitivity of the RSD response to meteorological conditions that
can vary between the RSD calibration place and time and the use case (specific
measurement campaign – SMC) place and time;
b) the procedures and requirements for calibration of RSDs;
c) the assessment of wind speed measurement uncertainty;
d) additional checks of the RSD performance and measurement uncertainty during the SMC;
e) application of the wind speed uncertainty derived from the RSD calibration and classification
to the measurements taken during the SMC (e.g. interpolation of uncertainty or calibration
results to different heights);
f) requirements for reporting.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 61400-50-1, Wind energy generation systems – Part 50-1: Wind measurement –
Application of meteorological mast, nacelle and spinner mounted instruments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
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3.1
accuracy
closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and a true value of the
measurand
3.2
complex terrain
terrain surrounding the test site that features significant variations in topography and terrain
obstacles (3.10) that can cause flow distortion
3.3
data set
collection of data sampled over a continuous period
3.4
flow distortion
change in air flow caused by obstacles, topographical variations, or other wind turbines that
results in the wind speed at the measurement location being different from the wind speed at
the wind turbine location
3.5
hub height
height of the centre of the swept area of the wind turbine rotor above the
ground at the tower
Note 1 to entry: For a vertical axis wind turbine the hub height is defined as the height of the centroid of the swept
area of the rotor above the ground at the tower.
3.6
measurement period
period during which a statistically significant database has been collected for the use case
EXAMPLE power performance test
3.7
measurement uncertainty
parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, which characterizes the dispersion of
the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.8
measurement volume
region within which wind flow characteristics can influence a wind speed
measurement and which is defined by the scan geometry, device configuration or arrangement
of the multiple beams penetrating the volume in order to acquire that measurement
3.9
method of bins
data reduction procedure that groups test data for a certain parameter into intervals (bins)
Note 1 to entry: For each bin, the number of data sets or samples and their sum are recorded, and the average
parameter value within each bin is calculated.
3.10
obstacle
obstruction that blocks the wind and creates distortion of the flow
Note 1 to entry: Buildings and trees are examples of obstacles.
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3.11
pitch and roll angles
levelling angles
3.12
power performance
measure of the capability of a wind turbine to produce electric power and energy
3.13
probe volume
region from which a single constituent physical measurement of, for example, Doppler
shift or radial velocity, is acquired, several of which are typically required to derive a wind speed
measurement
Note 1 to entry: The probe volume is a characteristic of the basic physical interaction of the remote sensing device
with the atmosphere, rather than the wind speed measurement derived from these interactions, which is determined
by the flow within the measurement volume.
3.14
radial velocity
line of sight velocity
projection of the wind speed vector onto the RSD line of sight
3.15
standard uncertainty
uncertainty of the result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviation
3.16
swept area
projected area of the moving rotor upon a plane normal to the
axis of rotation
Note 1 to entry: For teetering rotors, it is assumed that the rotor remains normal to the low-speed shaft. For a
vertical axis wind turbine, it is the projected area of the moving rotor upon a vertical plane.
3.17
test site
location and surroundings where an RSD is deployed for the purpose of providing
measurements as part of a test of, for example, a wind turbine or testing of the RSD
3.18
wind shear
change of wind speed with height
3.19
wind shear exponent
α
exponent of the power law defining the variation of wind speed with height
Note 1 to entry: This parameter is used as a measure of the magnitude of wind shear and can be otherwise useful.
The power law equation is:
α
z
i
(1)
vv=
zi h
H
where
v is the hub height wind speed;
h
H is the hub height (m);
v is the wind speed at height z ;
zi i
α is the wind shear exponent.
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3.20
wind veer
change of wind direction with height
4 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
Symbol Description Unit
avg 10 min average
c slope in linear regression m/s
d
data in bin i
i
number of environmental variables considered to have a relevant influence on the
M
accuracy of the remote sensing device according to the classification test
m slope in linear regression
slope describing the sensitivity of the wind speed measurement of the remote
m
sensing device on the environmental variable j as gained from t
...
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