oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
(Main)Underwater Acoustics - Calibration of acoustic wave vector receivers in the frequency range 5 Hz to 10 kHz
Underwater Acoustics - Calibration of acoustic wave vector receivers in the frequency range 5 Hz to 10 kHz
Unterwasserakustik – Kalibrierung von Schallwellenvektorempfängern im Frequenzbereich 5 Hz bis 10 kHz
Podvodna akustika - Kalibracija zvočnega vala vektorskih sprejemnikov v frekvenčnem območju od 5 Hz do 10 kHz
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
01-oktober-2022
Podvodna akustika - Kalibracija zvočnega vala vektorskih sprejemnikov v
frekvenčnem območju od 5 Hz do 10 kHz
Underwater Acoustics - Calibration of acoustic wave vector receivers in the frequency
range 5 Hz to 10 kHz
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 63305:2022
ICS:
17.140.50 Elektroakustika Electroacoustics
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
87/798/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 63305 ED1
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2022-07-29 2022-10-21
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
87/770/CD, 87/797A/CC
IEC TC 87 : ULTRASONICS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
United Kingdom Mr Petar Luzajic
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in this
CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of CENELEC,
is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft for Vote (CDV) is
submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the CENELEC
online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which t hey are aware
and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:
Underwater Acoustics – Calibration of acoustic wave vector receivers in the frequency range 5 Hz to
10 kHz
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2026
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2022 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
87/798/CDV 2 IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 List of symbols . 14
5 Relationship of vector quantities and scalar quantity in sound field . 15
6 General procedures for calibration . 16
6.1 General calibration requirements . 16
6.1.1 Types of calibration . 16
6.1.2 Acoustic field requirements . 17
6.2 Acoustic standing wave tube requirements . 17
6.2.1 Requirements for standing wave tube . 17
6.2.2 Requirements for immersed depth of transducers . 18
6.3 Acoustic traveling wave tube requirements . 19
6.3.1 Requirements for driving signal . 19
6.3.2 Requirements for the traveling wave tube . 19
6.4 Equipment requirements . 19
6.4.1 Calibration facility . 19
6.4.2 Instrumentation. 20
6.5 Positioning and alignment . 22
6.5.1 Coordinate system . 22
6.5.2 Reference direction . 22
6.5.3 Transducer mounting and support . 22
6.5.4 Alignment . 23
6.6 Representation of the frequency response . 23
6.7 Frequency limitations . 23
6.7.1 High-frequency limit . 23
6.7.2 Low frequency limit . 24
6.8 Checks for acoustic interference . 24
7 Electrical measurements . 25
7.1 Signal type. 25
7.2 Electrical earthing . 25
7.3 Measurement of transducer output voltage . 25
7.3.1 General . 25
7.3.2 Signal analysis . 25
7.3.3 Electrical loading by measuring instrument . 25
7.3.4 Electrical loading by extension cables . 26
7.3.5 Electrical noise . 26
7.3.6 Cross-talk . 26
7.3.7 Integral preamplifiers . 26
7.4 Measurement of projector drive current . 26
7.4.1 Instrumentation. 26
7.4.2 Signal analysis . 27
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022 3 87/798/CDV
8 Preparation of measurement . 27
8.1 Preparation of transducers . 27
8.1.1 Soaking . 27
8.1.2 Wetting . 27
8.2 Environmental conditions (temperature and depth) . 27
9 Free-field calibration . 28
9.1 Free-field reciprocity calibration . 28
9.1.1 General . 28
9.1.2 Principle . 28
9.1.3 Measurement. 30
9.1.4 Uncertainty . 30
9.2 Calibration using optical interferometry . 30
9.2.1 General . 30
9.2.2 Principle . 30
9.2.3 Measurement. 31
9.2.4 Uncertainty . 32
9.3 Comparison calibration using reference hydrophone . 32
9.3.1 General . 32
9.3.2 Principle . 32
9.3.3 Measurement. 33
9.3.4 Uncertainty . 33
10 Calibration in standing wave tube . 33
10.1 Calibration using reference accelerometer . 33
10.1.1 General . 33
10.1.2 Principle . 33
10.1.3 Measurement. 34
10.1.4 Uncertainty . 35
10.2 Comparison calibration using reference hydrophone . 35
10.2.1 General . 35
10.2.2 Principle . 35
10.2.3 Measurement. 36
10.2.4 Uncertainty . 36
10.3 Horizontal standing wave tube calibration . 36
10.3.1 General . 36
10.3.2 Principle . 36
10.3.3 Measurement. 38
10.3.4 Uncertainty . 38
10.4 Calibration using optical interferometry . 38
10.4.1 General . 38
10.4.2 Principle . 38
10.4.3 Measurement. 39
10.4.4 Uncertainty . 40
11 Calibration in a traveling wave tube . 40
11.1 General . 40
11.2 Principle . 40
11.2.1 General . 40
11.2.2 Establishment of a unidirectional, plane progressive wave field . 41
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
87/798/CDV 4 IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022
11.2.3 Sensitivity calculations . 43
11.2.4 Uncertainty . 44
12 Reporting of results . 44
12.1 Sensitivity . 44
12.2 Sensitivity level . 44
12.3 Environmental considerations for calibration . 44
12.4 Calibration uncertainties . 45
12.5 Auxiliary metadata . 45
13 Recalibration periods . 45
Annex A (informative) Directional response of a vector receiver . 46
A.1 General principle . 46
A.2 Types of measurement implementation . 46
A.3 Coordinate system . 46
A.4 Acoustic field requirements . 46
A.5 Positioning and alignment . 46
A.6 Signal type. 46
A.7 Measurement of vector receiver directional response . 46
A.8 Calculation of angular deviation loss . 47
A.9 Uncertainty . 47
Annex B (informative) Calibration using optical interferometry in air . 48
B.1 General . 48
B.2 Principle . 48
B.3 Procedure . 48
B.4 Discussion . 49
Annex C (informative) Assessment of uncertainty of vector receiver calibration . 50
C.1 General . 50
C.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty . 50
C.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty . 50
C.4 Reported uncertainty . 50
C.5 Common sources of uncertainty . 51
Bibliography. 54
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022 5 87/798/CDV
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS –
CALIBRATION OF ACOUSTIC WAVE VECTOR RECEIVERS
IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE 5 Hz TO 10 kHz
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject deal t with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication should be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability should attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC should not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 63305 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 87: Ultrasonics.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
XX/XX/FDIS XX/XX/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
NOTE: Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
87/798/CDV 6 IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The National Committees are requested to note that for this publication the stability date
is 20XX.
THIS TEXT IS INCLUDED FOR THE INFORMATION OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND WILL BE DELETED AT
THE PUBLICATION STAGE.
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022 7 87/798/CDV
1 INTRODUCTION
2
3 Usually, acoustic wave vector receivers (sometimes referred to simply as vector
4 receivers) are designed and constructed based on two kinds of principles. One is the
5 sound pressure difference (gradient) principle. When measuring, it is rigidly fixed on a
6 mount and supporting in water. Another is the co-vibrating (inertial) principle. When
7 measuring, it is suspended on a mount and supporting in water, which makes the vector
8 receiver co-vibrating in the same direction with the sound particle in the sound wave
9 field.
10 Unlike the traditional piezoelectric hydrophones which are sensitive to the sound
11 pressure, acoustic wave vector receivers measure sound particle motion (velocity,
12 acceleration or displacement) or sound pressure gradient, and have strongly
13 directional response in their working frequency range. The calibration of these vector
14 receivers which measure sound particle motion or sound pressure gradient are
15 considered in this standard.
16 The output voltage of an acoustic wave vector receiver channel to be calibrated is
17 proportional to the sound particle motion or sound pressure gradient at the reference
18 centre of the receiver. And the directivity of the acoustic wave vector receiver channel
19 is independent of acoustical frequency, with a cardioid pattern similar to the shape of
20 Arabic figure “8” shown in Figure 1, and the ratio of the output voltage of the receiver
21 channel at angle to the maximum output voltage on the axial direction is equal to
22 cos . [1]
23
24 Figure 1 – Ideal directivity pattern of a vector receiver channel
25
26
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
87/798/CDV 8 IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022
27 UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS –
28 CALIBRATION OF ACOUSTIC WAVE VECTOR RECEIVERS
29 IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE 5 Hz TO 10 kHz
30
31
32 1 Scope
33 This International Standard specifies the calibration methods of acoustic wave vector
34 receivers (sometimes referred to simply as vector receivers) in the frequency range
35 5 Hz to 10 kHz.
36 2 Normative references
37 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this
38 document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the
39 edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
40 document (including any amendments) applies.
41 IEC 60050-801, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 801: Acoustics and
42 electroacoustics
43 IEC 60500:2017, Underwater acoustics – Hydrophones – Properties of hydrophones in
44 the frequency range 1 Hz to 500 kHz
45 IEC 60565-1:2020, Underwater acoustics – Hydrophones – Calibration of hydrophones,
46 Part 1: Procedures for free-field calibration of hydrophones
47 IEC 60565-2:2019, Underwater acoustics – Hydrophones – Calibration of hydrophones,
48 Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration
49 ISO 266:1997, Acoustics – Preferred frequencies
50 ISO 18405:2017, Underwater acoustics – Terminology
51 JCGM 100:2008, Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the expression of
52 uncertainty in measurement
53 JCGM 200:2012, International vocabulary of metrology basic and general concepts and
54 associated terms
55 3 Terms and definitions
56 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in IEC
57 60050-801, IEC 60500:2017, ISO 18405:2017, JCGM 200:2012 and the following apply.
58 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the
59 following addresses:
60 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
61 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
62 3.1
63 acoustic wave vector receiver
64 vector receiver
65 receiving transducer whose output voltage of its receiving channel is proportional to the
66 sound particle motion (displacement, velocity or acceleration) or sound pressure
67 gradient on the position of the reference centre of the vector receiver in water
68 Note 1 to entry: Due to the different constructions, the vector receiver may be one-dimensional vector
69 receiver, two-dimensional orthogonal vector receiver or three-dimensional orthogonal vector receiver,
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 63305:2022
IEC CDV 63305 © IEC 2022 9 87/798/CDV
70 and it has different receiving channels. For three-dimensional orthogonal vector receiver, whose channels
71 are usually named as x-channel, y-channel and z-channel.
72 Note 2 to entry: The receiving channel of the vector receiver has very strong directional response (see
73 Figure 1), which is independent of the frequency.
74 Note 3 to entry: According to the vector values which perceived, there are different vector receivers,
75 including inertial vector receiver and sound pressure gradient receiver.
76 Note 4 to entry: Sometimes, the vector receiver has sound pressure (scalar) receiving channel, and open-
77 circuit voltage of the sound pressure channel is proportional to the sound pressure on the position of the
78 reference centre of the vector receiver.
79 3.2
80 inertial vector receiver
81 receiving transducer that senses sound particle motion by measuring the reaction of
82 a proof mass in response to acceleration of the sensor body (e.g., accelerometer,
83 geophone)
84 3.3
85 sound pressure gradient receiver
86 receiving transducer that senses the gradient of sound pressure using two or more
87 hydrophones separated by distances that are small relative to the wavelength
88 3.4
89 axial angular deviation loss
90
the larger value of directional response of a vector receiver channel on the principal
91
axis minus another value of directional response on the symmetrical direction
92 Note 1 to entry: The axial angular deviation loss is expressed as a (relative) level in decibel, dB.
93 Note 2 to entry: Sometimes, the axial angular deviation loss is named as asymmetry or maximum
94 heterogeneity of directional response on the principal axis of a vector receiver channel.
95 3.5
96 directional response
97 description, generally presented graphically, of the
98 response of a vector receiver channel, as a function of the direction of propagation of
99 the incident plane sound wave, in a given channel direction through the reference centre,
100 at a specified frequency
101 Note 1 to entry: The directional response pattern is usually presented in the form of a two-dimensional
102 polar graph. The scale of the polar may be in terms of sensitivity level or in angular deviation loss.
103 Note 2 to entry: The directional response pattern of the vector receiver channel is a cosine function, that
104 is the ratio of the output voltage of the vector receiver channel in the direction of angle to the maximum
105 output voltage in the axial direction is equal to cos .
106 [SOURCE: IEC 60500:2017, 3.4, modified – Replace “hydrophone” with “vector receiver
107 channel”, “a specified plan” with “a given channel direction”].
108 3.6
109 hydrophone
110 electroacoustic transducer that produces electrical voltages in response to water borne
111 sound pressure signals
112 [SOURCE IEC 60500:2017, 3.4, modified – Replace “electrical signals” with “electrical
113 voltages”, “pressure signals” with “sound pressure signals”]
114 3.7
115 lateral angular deviation loss
116
the larger value of directional response of a vector receiver channel on the principal
117
axis minus the smaller valu
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.