SIST EN 13871:2005
(Main)Food processing machinery - Cubes cutting machinery - Safety and hygiene requirements
Food processing machinery - Cubes cutting machinery - Safety and hygiene requirements
This document covers cube cutting machines and accessories.
1.1 This document specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of cubes cutting machines (see Figures 1 to 6 and 12 to 18).
The machines covered by this document are used to size reduce fresh meat, meat products and products of the same kind by cutting in a cutting unit.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to machines, appliances and machinery, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
This document deals with the hazards which can arise during commissioning, operation, maintenance and de-commissioning of the machine.
This document is not applicable to cubes cutting machines which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
1.2 This document covers the following types of cubes cutting machines:
- Cubes cutting machines with a forward feed plunger, a lattice and a sickle blade with loading by hand (see Figure 2)
- Cubes cutting machines with a forward feed plunger, a lattice, a sickle blade, a feed intake hopper and a loading device (see Figure 1)
- Cubes cutting machines with a rotating cutting tool, a multi-segment blade and a feed conveyor (see Figures 3 and 5)
- Cubes cutting machines with a rotating cutting tool and centrifugal force loading (see Figure 6)
1.3 Machine construction
Cubes cutting machines are constructed of a machine frame, a feed intake chamber/magazine, a forward feed plunger or nip roller, a lattice or a rotating cutting tool, a sickle or multi-segment blade, an associated drive and electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components, depending on machine type.
Cubes cutting machines in the scope of this document may be equipped with:
- a lid over the feed intake chamber/magazine;
- a transfer car for the sickle blade/multi-segment blade, cutting blade and lattice;
- a loading device;
- a feed conveyor.
Key
1234 Loading
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Würfelschneidemaschinen - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Würfelschneidemaschinen fest (siehe Bilder 1 bis 6 und 12 bis 17). Die von dieser Norm erfaßten Maschinen werden für die Zerkleinerung von frischem Fleisch, Fleischprodukten und gleichartigen Produkten durch Zerschneiden in einem Schneidwerk verwendet.
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines a couper en cubes - Prescriptions relatives a la sécurité et a l'hygiene
Le présent document couvre les machines a couper en cubes et les accessoires.
1.1 Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions relatives a la conception et a la fabrication des machines a couper en cubes (voir Figures 1 a 6 et 12 a 18).
Les machines couvertes par le présent document sont utilisées pour couper en morceaux dans une unité de coupe la viande fraîche, les produits carnés et les produits de meme nature.
Le présent document traite tous les phénomenes dangereux significatifs, situations et événements dangereux significatifs associés aux machines, aux appareillages et aux mécanismes lorsque ceux-ci sont utilisés dans le cadre de l'utilisation normale et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir l'article 4).
Le présent document traite des phénomenes dangereux qui peuvent se produire pendant la mise en service, le fonctionnement, l'entretien et la mise hors service de la machine.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux machines a couper en cubes qui sont fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
1.2 Le présent document couvre les types de machines a couper en cubes suivants :
- Les machines a couper en cubes équipées d'un poussoir, d'une grille de coupe et d'un couteau faucille avec chargement manuel (voir Figure 2).
- Les machines a couper en cubes équipées d'un poussoir, d'une grille de coupe, d'un couteau faucille, d'une trémie d'alimentation et d'un dispositif de chargement (voir Figure 1).
- Les machines a couper en cubes équipées d'un outil de coupe rotatif, d'une lame multi-segments et d'un convoyeur d'alimentation (voir Figures 3 et 5).
- Les machines a couper en cubes équipées d'un outil de coupe rotatif et d'un chargement par force centrifuge (voir Figure 6).
1.3 Conception de la machine
Strojna predelava hrane - Stroji za razkosavanje - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13871:2005
01-maj-2005
Strojna predelava hrane - Stroji za razkosavanje - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
Food processing machinery - Cubes cutting machinery - Safety and hygiene
requirements
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Würfelschneidemaschinen - Sicherheits- und
Hygieneanforderungen
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines a couper en cubes - Prescriptions
relatives a la sécurité et a l'hygiene
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13871:2005
ICS:
67.260 Tovarne in oprema za Plants and equipment for the
živilsko industrijo food industry
SIST EN 13871:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13871:2005
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SIST EN 13871:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13871
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2005
ICS 67.260
English version
Food processing machinery - Cubes cutting machinery - Safety
and hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines à Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Würfelschneidemaschinen -
couper en cubes - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
l'hygiéne
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 August 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13871:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 13871:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.5
Introduction .6
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .11
3 Terms and definitions .12
4 List of significant hazards .15
4.1 General.15
4.2 Mechanical hazards.15
4.3 Electrical hazards .18
4.4 Hydraulic and pneumatic hazards .18
4.5 Hazard from loss of stability.18
4.6 Noise hazard.18
4.7 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles.19
4.8 Hazards caused by non-compliance with hygiene principles .19
5 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures.19
5.1 General.19
5.2 Mechanical hazards.19
5.3 Electrical hazards .33
5.4 Hydraulic and pneumatic hazards .35
5.5 Hazard from loss of stability.36
5.6 Noise reduction.36
5.7 Ergonomic requirements .36
5.8 Hygiene and cleaning.36
6 Verification of safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures .40
7 Information for use .41
7.1 Instruction handbook .41
7.2 Training of operators.42
7.3 Marking .42
Annex A (normative) Noise test code for cubes cutting machines (grade 2).43
A.1 Determination of the emission sound pressure level.43
A.2 Installation and mounting conditions.43
A.3 Operating conditions.43
A.4 Measurement.43
A.5 Information to be recorded .43
A.6 Information to be reported.44
A.7 Declaration and verification of the noise emission values .44
Annex B (normative) Design principles to ensure the cleanability of cubes cutting machines .45
B.1 Terms and definitions .45
B.2 Materials of construction .46
B.3 Design .46
Annex C (normative) Common hazards for food processing machines and reduction
requirements applicable to cubes cutting machines.50
C.1 Cutting hazards.50
C.2 Risks from cleaning.50
C.3 External influences on electrical equipment .50
C.4 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption; unexpected start-up.50
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C.5 Hazards from neglecting use of PPE.51
C.6 Hazards of materials being processed.51
C.7 Hazards of slip and trip.51
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this document and the Essential Requirements of
EU Directive 98/37/EC .52
Bibliography.53
Figures
Figure 1 — Cubes cutting machine type with forward feed plunger, lattice, sickle blade, feed intake
hopper and loading device.8
Figure 2 — Cubes cutting machine type with forward feed plunger, lattice and sickle blade and
loading by hand.9
Figure 3 — Cubes cutting machine type with various blades, conveying unit and feed conveyor.9
Figure 4 — Details of feed intake chamber.10
Figure 5 — Cubes cutting machine type with multi-segment blade and feed conveyor .10
Figure 6 — Cubes cutting machine type with multi-segment blade and centrifugal force feeding.11
Figure 7 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with forward feed plunger, lattice, sickle
blade, feed intake hopper and loading device .16
Figure 8 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with feed intake chamber/magazine and loading
by hand.16
Figure 9 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with conveying unit and feed conveyor.17
Figure 10 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with multi-segment blade and feed conveyor .17
Figure 11 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with multi-segment blade and loading by
means of centrifugal force .18
Figure 12 — Safety dimensions on cubes cutting machine: Guard.20
Figure 13 — Safety measures on cutting chamber door in conjunction with container .22
Figure 14 — Safety measures on cutting chamber door without container .22
Figure 15 — Safety measure on cutting chamber door in conjunction with transport trolley, safety
dimensions .23
Figure 16 — Safety dimensions on cubes cutting machine with a loading device.28
Figure 17 — Safety dimensions on feed, discharge opening on cubes cutting machine with a mast-
type loading device for feed heights over 2 500 mm.29
Figure 18 — Cubes cutting machine with feed conveyor .30
Figure 19 — ON / OFF switch with hood.35
Figure 20 — Hygiene areas on cubes cutting machine.37
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Figure 21 — Hygiene areas on cubes cutting machine . 37
Figure 22 — Hygiene areas on cubes cutting machine . 38
Figure B.1 — Smooth surfaces - food area. 45
Figure B.2 — Angles and radii in food area . 46
Figure B.3 — Angle in food area . 47
Figure B.4 — Adjoining surfaces in food area. 47
Figure B.5 — Admissible joining elements - head profiles . 49
Figure B.6 — Dimensional examples. 49
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Foreword
This document (EN 13871:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Food processing
machinery – Safety and hygiene specifications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by September 2005.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Cyprus,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1 Scope
This document covers cube cutting machines and accessories.
1.1 This document specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of cubes cutting machines (see
Figures 1 to 6 and 12 to 18).
The machines covered by this document are used to size reduce fresh meat, meat products and products of
the same kind by cutting in a cutting unit.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to machines,
appliances and machinery, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the
manufacturer (see clause 4).
This document deals with the hazards which can arise during commissioning, operation, maintenance and de-
commissioning of the machine.
This document is not applicable to cubes cutting machines which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
1.2 This document covers the following types of cubes cutting machines:
Cubes cutting machines with a forward feed plunger, a lattice and a sickle blade with loading by hand
(see Figure 2)
Cubes cutting machines with a forward feed plunger, a lattice, a sickle blade, a feed intake hopper and a
loading device (see Figure 1)
Cubes cutting machines with a rotating cutting tool, a multi-segment blade and a feed conveyor (see
Figures 3 and 5)
Cubes cutting machines with a rotating cutting tool and centrifugal force loading (see Figure 6)
1.3 Machine construction
Cubes cutting machines are constructed of a machine frame, a feed intake chamber/magazine, a forward feed
plunger or nip roller, a lattice or a rotating cutting tool, a sickle or multi-segment blade, an associated drive
and electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components, depending on machine type.
Cubes cutting machines in the scope of this document may be equipped with:
a lid over the feed intake chamber/magazine;
a transfer car for the sickle blade/multi-segment blade, cutting blade and lattice;
a loading device;
a feed conveyor.
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Key
1 Loading device 5 Cutting chamber door/protective hood
2 Feed intake channel/magazine 6 Sickle blade/multi-segment blade
3 Frame 7 Lattice
4 Feed intake hopper
Figure 1 — Cubes cutting machine type with forward feed plunger, lattice, sickle blade, feed intake
hopper and loading device
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Key
1 Feed intake trough 5 Cutting
2 Sickle blade/multi-segment blade chamber
3 Cutting chamber door/protective hood 6 Step
4 Lattice 7 Interlocked step
Figure 2 — Cubes cutting machine type with forward feed plunger, lattice and sickle blade and loading
by hand
Key
1 Feed conveyor
2 Cutting chamber door
3 Sickle blade/multi-segment blade
4 Container
Figure 3 — Cubes cutting machine type with various blades, conveying unit and feed conveyor
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Key
1 Closure gate
2 Forward feed plunger
3 Feed intake chamber/magazine
Figure 4 — Details of feed intake chamber
Key
1 Nip roller 4 Stripper comb
2 Feed conveyor 5 Cut product
3 Rotating cutting tool 6 Multi-segment blade
Figure 5 — Cubes cutting machine type with multi-segment blade and feed conveyor
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Key
1 Nip roller 4 Cutting blade
2 Rotating cutting tool 5 Multi-segment blade
3 Stripper comb 6 Cut product
Figure 6 — Cubes cutting machine type with multi-segment blade and centrifugal force feeding
1.4 Intended use
The intended use (as defined in EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.12) of cubes cutting machines as dealt with in this
document is described in 1.1.
The product to be cut is fed manually or by the loading device/feed conveyor into the feed intake chamber.
The product is fed to the cutting unit by the forward feed plunger and/or by the nip roller or by centrifugal force
and size reduced.
Although it should be advised against, the document, taking into account practice, deals with the hazards due
to cleaning with pressurised water.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper
limbs.
EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body.
EN 614-1:1995, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles.
EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards.
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design.
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EN 982:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and components —
Hydraulics.
EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and components —
Pneumatics.
EN 1005-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and definitions.
EN 1005-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of
machinery and parts of machinery.
EN 1005-3:2002, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits
for machine operation.
EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up.
EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment.
EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards —Principles for design
and selection.
EN 1672-2:1997, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements.
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:1997).
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP-Code) (IEC 60529:1989).
EN 61496-1:2004, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, modified).
EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994).
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996).
EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an
essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995).
EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles and specifications (ISO 12100-2:2003).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003, and the following
apply.
3.1
stripper comb
comb-shaped rake within the rotating cutting tool for wiping off the product
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3.2
nip roller
shaft with teeth and passes for transporting of product
3.3
working platform
accessible standing area
3.4
step
standing area for operating the machine
3.5
container
unit for holding processed product
3.6
loading device
lifting and/or tilting device for raising and tilting transport trolleys or containers
3.7
construction height
height of hopper edge, measured from the floor
3.8
lid
movable unit with safety function on the feed intake chamber
3.9
feed intake channel
chamber for holding the meat or product of the same kind to be processed
3.10
feed intake chamber/ magazine
chamber between feed forward feed plunger and lattice
3.11
feed intake trough/ feed intake hopper
container for receiving product to be processed
3.12
locking device
device for fixing the transport trolley or container in the load bearing device
3.13
transport trolley
wheel-mounted device for holding product to be processed
3.14
lattice
cutting tool with blades arranged in parallel
3.15
design dimension
sum of dimensions measured from the floor (standing area), for steps, intermediate steps or ladders are
provided, from the standing area to the feed intake hopper edge and to the first danger point in the feed intake
hopper
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3.16
load bearing device
device for holding transport trolleys/vats
3.17
mast-type loading device
loading device with a fixed post
3.18
frame
basic construction for carrying the machine body including legs
3.19
product to be cut
meat or products of the same kind to be processed
3.20
cutting blade
blade-shaped stationary cutting tool
3.21
cutting chamber
part of the housing for holding the lattice and sickle blade
3.22
cutting chamber door
interlocked door to the cutting chamber
3.23
protective hood/ protective grid
protective device for preventing access to the danger point at the lattice and sickle blade over the discharge
opening
3.24
restrictor plate
fixed non-detachable or interlocked movable/ detachable device above the feed intake chamber/magazine
3.25
hinged arm
movable part of the lifting and tilting device
3.26
sickle blade/ multi-segment blade
rotating cutting tool
3.27
transport car
wheel-mounted unit for holding the cutting unit
3.28
closure gate
movable closure plate with safety function over the feed intake chamber/magazine
3.29
forward feed plunger/ nip roller
plunger, conveying device to the cutting chamber for product to be processed
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3.30
feed conveyor
conveyor belt for supplying the machine with product to be cut
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This clause and annex C contain the hazards and hazardous situations which may arise during operation of
cubes cutting machines as far as they are dealt with in this document, identified by a risk assessment
significant for this type of machinery and which require action identified to eliminate or reduce risk.
Before using this document it is important to carry out a risk assessment of the cubes cutting machines it has
the hazards identified in this clause.
4.2 Mechanical hazards
Zone 1
Feed intake chamber (magazine) with forward feed plunger.
Feed intake hopper with closure gate.
Feed conveyor.
Nip roller.
Entanglement, shearing or severing hazard to fingers or hand (see Figures 7 to 11).
Zone 2
Rotating cutting tool and lattice.
Entanglement, shearing or severing hazard to fingers, hand or forearm (see Figures 7 and 9 to 11).
Zone 3
Rotating sickle blade behind the cutting chamber door and multi-segment blade at discharge.
Severing hazard to fingers (see Figures 7, 10, 11).
Zone 4
Stillstanding blades
Cutting hazard to fingers and hand during mounting and removal (see Figures 7, 10, 11).
Zone 5
Loading device.
Entanglement, shearing or drawing-in hazard to fingers when machine topples over, when transport
trolleys/containers/vats fall off (see Figure 7).
Zone 6
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Drive of moving machine components.
Drawing-in, crushing, severing hazard to fingers or hand (see Figures 7 to 11).
Key
1 Zone 1 4 Zone 4
2 Zone 2 5 Zone 5
3 Zone 3 6 Zone 6
Figure 7 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with forward feed plunger, lattice, sickle blade,
feed intake hopper and loading device
Key
1 Zone 1
6 Zone 6
Figure 8 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with feed intake chamber/magazine and loading
by hand
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Key
1 Zone 1 4 Zone 4
2 Zone 2 6 Zone 6
3 Zone 3
Figure 9 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with conveying unit and feed conveyor
Key
1 Zone 1 4 Zone 2
2 Zone 2 6 Zone 6
Figure 10 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with multi-segment blade and feed conveyor
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Key
1 Zone 1 6 Zone 6
2 Zone 2
3 Zone 2
Figure 11 — Danger zones on cubes cutting machine with multi-segment bla
...
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