oSIST ISO/DIS 9984:2025

Information and documentation — Transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin characters

Establishes a system for the transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin characters to permit international information exchange, particularly by electronic means.

Information et documentation — Translittération des caractères géorgiens en caractères latins

Informatika in dokumentacija – Transliteracija gruzijskih znakov v latinične znake

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 26-Jun-2025
• ICS: 01.140.10 - Writing and transliteration
• Technical Committee: IDT - Information, documentation, language and terminology
• Ref Project: ISO/DIS 9984 - Information and documentation — Transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin characters

Relations

• Revises: SIST ISO 9984:2005 - Information and documentation -- Transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin characters
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2025
Informatika in dokumentacija – Transliteracija gruzijskih znakov v latinične znake
Information and documentation — Transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin
characters
Information et documentation — Translittération des caractères géorgiens en caractères
latins
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/DIS 9984
ICS:
01.140.10 Pisanje in prečrkovanje Writing and transliteration
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 9984
ISO/TC 46
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Transliteration of Georgian
Voting begins on:
characters into Latin characters
2025-04-02
Information et documentation — Translittération des caractères
Voting terminates on:
géorgiens en caractères latins
2025-06-25
ICS: 01.140.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Reference number
DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 9984
ISO/TC 46
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Transliteration of Georgian
Voting begins on:
characters into Latin characters
Information et documentation — Translittération des caractères
Voting terminates on:
géorgiens en caractères latins
ICS: 01.140.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2025
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat. BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
Phone: [phone]
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Transliteration tables . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Georgian characters .2
4.3 Other characters used in the Georgian script .3
Bibliography . 4

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some
of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for
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www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of
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For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46 Information and documentation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9984:1996), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are as follows:
— The system is now based on the Georgian national system of 2002 (presidential decree of 2011),
1)
with modifications incorporated to ensure reversibility . There are certain digraphs included in the
romanizations in the table, e.g. /zh/ for ჟ (row 16), and to ensure there is no ambiguity with the possible
occurrence of /z/ followed by /h/, such adjoining characters should be separated by a middle dot symbol
in their romanization (Unicode 00B7) to show that they do not represent the digraph, so /z·h/ for the
character combination ზჰ (rows 7 and 33).

This is relevant to characters:
/g/ გ (row 3) followed by /h/ ჰ (row 33)
/z/ ზ (row 7) followed by /h/ ჰ (row 33)
/s/ ს (row 18) followed by /h/ ჰ (row 33)
/k/ ქ (row 22) followed by /h/ ჰ (row 33)
/t/ თ (row 8) followed by /s/ ს (row 18)
/d/ დ (row 4) followed by /z/ ზ (row 7)
— In introducing digraphs to follow the national system, there are 10 modifications to former romanizations:
1) For information, Georgia has also developed a transcription system: Guidelines for Latin Transliteration of the
Sound System of the Georgian language 2019-2020 (State Language Department, Bulletin II, Griponi Publishing, Tbilisi,
ISBN 978-9941-480-63-8): https://enadep.gov.ge/uploads/Guidelines_for_Latin_Transliteration_of_the_Sound_System_
of_the_Georgian_Language_.pdf (Accessed 16 July 2024). This simpler system, which does not differentiate between
aspirated and glottal consonants with the use of apostrophes, is also used nationally for the text of statements, notices,
titles, posters, signs, geographical and personal names on addresses and road stencils, advertisements, and other visual
information intended to inform the public. It is not used for academic or scientific purposes.
...