SIST EN 71-1:2015/kFprA2:2017
(Amendment)Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
See EN 71-1:2014
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1 : Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Varnost igrač - 1. del: Mehanske in fizikalne lastnosti - Dopolnilo A2
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016
01-december-2016
9DUQRVWLJUDþGHO 0HKDQVNHLQIL]LNDOQHODVWQRVWL'RSROQLOR$
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1 : Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-1:2014/prA2
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016
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SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 71-1:2014
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
prA2
November 2016
ICS 97.200.50
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1 : Propriétés mécaniques Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und
et physiques physikalische Eigenschaften
This draft amendment is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 52.
This draft amendment A2, if approved, will modify the European Standard EN 71-1:2014. If this draft becomes an amendment,
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of
this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration.
This draft amendment was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-1:2014/prA2:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016
EN 71-1:2014/prA2:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Modifications to Clause 1, Scope (see A.2) . 4
2 Modifications to Clause 3, Terms and definitions . 4
2 Modification to 4.17, Projectiles (see A.22) . 5
3 Addition of a new Subclause 4.2X, Flying toys (see A.57) . 11
4 Modification to 7.7, Projectiles (see 4.17.3 c) and 4.17.4 c)) . 13
5 Addition of a new Subclause 7.23, Flying toys (see 4.2X) . 13
6 Addition of a new Subclause 7.XX, Improvised projectiles (see 4.17.4) . 14
7 Modification to 8.4.2.1, General (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 5.1,
5.3, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and Clause 6) . 14
8 Addition of new Subclauses 8.4.2.4, 8.4.2.5, 8.4.2.6 and 8.4.2.7 . 14
9 Modification to 8.24, Determination of kinetic energy (see A.47) . 16
10 Addition of new Subclauses 8.X1, 8.X2 and 8.X3 . 20
11 Modification to A.2, Scope (see Clause 1) . 22
12 Modification to A.22, Projectiles (see 4.17) . 23
13 Modification to A.56, Packaging (see Clause 6) . 26
14 Addition of a new Clause A.5X, Rationale for flying toys, rotors and propellers
(see 4.2X) . 27
15 Modification to the final Bibliography. 29
2
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SIST EN 71-1:2015/oprA2:2016
EN 71-1:2014/prA2:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 71-1:2014/prA2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52
“Safety of toys”, the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
3
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EN 71-1:2014/prA2:2016 (E)
1 Modifications to Clause 1, Scope (see A.2)
In the 6th paragraph, replace the 5th dash with the following:
"
— toy slings and toy catapults, supplied without projectiles.
Toy slings and toy catapults supplied with projectiles are covered by this standard.".
Delete the 7th paragraph (that begins with "Items that are propelled into free flight…").
2 Modifications to Clause 3, Terms and definitions
Replace Definitions 3.46 to 3.48 with the following ones:
"
3.46
projectile
object intended to be launched into free flight or trajectory in the air
Note 1 to entry: This includes objects where the travel is ultimately constrained by means of a tether (e.g. pop-gun).
3.47
projectile toy with stored energy
toy with a projectile launched by means of a discharge mechanism capable of storing energy
independent of the user and incorporating a release mechanism
3.48
projectile toy without stored energy
toy with a projectile launched by energy imparted by the user or by means of a discharge mechanism
incapable of storing energy independent of the user".
Add the following definitions:
"
3.X1
free flight
unconstrained travel through the air
Note 1 to entry: This will include portions of unconstrained travel that may ultimately be constrained by means of a tether.
3.X2
discharge mechanism
component(s) of the toy which releases or propels the projectile into free flight
3.X3
arrow
projectile in the form of a shaft with a total length of 150 mm or more, intended to be discharged from a
bow held by a user
3.X4
dart
projectile in the form of a shaft with a total length less than 150 mm that is intended to be blown by the
mouth or thrown
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3.X5
leading part
area(s) of the projectile or flying toy (e.g. tips, edges or protrusions) which would be expected to make
contact with the eyeball in the event of launching towards the eye
Note 1 to entry: This includes all areas on projectiles that travel in unpredictable orientations (e.g. tumbling) that could
reasonably be expected to strike the eyeball.
3.X6
remote controlled flying toy
flying toy, capable of being controlled by a wireless transmitter, incorporating rotor blade(s) which are
capable of spinning approximately horizontally, each blade being less than or equal to 175 mm in
length, measured from the centre of rotation to the blade tip, with an overall mass of the flying toy not
greater than 50 g
Note 1 to entry: Wireless transmitters are typically hand-held devices and include smart devices such as telephones,
tablets, etc.
3.X7
flying toy
toy or part of a toy intended to be launched into free flight with an on-board energy source
(e.g. compressed gas, springs, electricity or inertial energy) that continues to propel the object after the
initial release, for part or all of the flight
3.X8
toy sling with projectiles
hand held projectile toy, supplied with projectiles, with non-elastic cord that is capable of holding a
projectile, which is energized by swinging the whole toy and intended to launch a projectile into free
flight by releasing one end of the cord
3.X9
toy catapult with projectiles
hand held projectile toy, supplied with projectiles, with forked stick with an elastic band that is capable
of holding a projectile, and is fastened to the two fork-ends and is intended to launch a projectile into
free flight by stretching and releasing it".
2 Modification to 4.17, Projectiles (see A.22)
Replace the whole Subclause 4.17 with the following one:
"
4.17 Projectile toys (see A.22)
4.17.1 General
The requirements of 4.17.2, 4.17.3 and 4.17.4 do not apply to:
— components that function as projectiles which are permanently enclosed within a toy unless they
become accessible when the outer container is tested according to 8.3 (torque test), 8.4.2.1 (tension
test, general), 8.7 (impact test), 8.8 (compression test) and, the component is still capable of being
launched;
— ground based toys, or components of toys, intended to be propelled along a track, gameboard,
tabletop, floor or onto another surface even if they include an element of motion in free flight, for
example leaps between tracks or surfaces.
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The requirements of 4.17.2.1, 4.17.3 and 4.17.4 do not apply to projectiles that have a maximum range
of 300 mm or less when measured in accordance with 8.X1 (determination of projectile range).
The requirements in 4.17.4.4 do not apply to projectile toys covered by 4.17.4.2 and 4.17.4.3.
4.17.2 All Projectiles
4.17.2.1 Leading parts
Leading parts on rigid projectiles shall not protrude beyond the depth of the gauge shown in Figure X.8
when tested according to 8.X2 (Assessment of leading parts of rigid projectiles and flying toys).
The leading parts of a projectile as well as edges that are adjacent to the leading part (s) shall be smooth
and free of points, flash or similar projections. See Figure X.1 for examples of edges adjacent to leading
parts.
Key
1 edges adjacent to leading parts
2 leading parts (with hatching)
Figure X.1 — Examples of edges adjacent to leading parts on missile and disc-type projectiles
4.17.2.2 Foam shaft projectiles with a suction cup as a leading part
Projectiles with a foam shaft with a suction cup as a leading part where that suction cup has a diameter
that is less than or equal to the maximum diameter of the collar or foam shaft, when measured in the
relaxed state (see Figure X.2) shall:
a) not pass entirely through template E when tested according to 8.32.1 (small balls test and suction
cups), or
b) have a length of 57 mm or more when measured according to 8.43 (length of suction cup
projectiles) in the as received state; and
c) not detach after testing in accordance with 8.4.2.4.2 (Tension test for a foam shaft projectile with a
suction cup that has a diameter the same as or less than the maximum diameter of the shaft/collar)
or shall detach in such a way that the diameter of the suction cup remains less than or equal to the
maximum diameter of any remaining collar or shaft.
The projectile shall comply with either a) or both b) and c).
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Key
1 plastic collar
2 foam
3 suction cup
a suction cup diameter
b shaft/collar diameter
Figure X.2 — Foam projectile with suction diameter less than or equal to the maximum diameter
of foam shaft
4.17.2.3 Other types of projectile with a suction cup as a leading part
Projectiles with a suction cup as a leading part shall:
a) not pass entirely through template E when tested according to 8.32.1 (small balls test and suction
cups), or
b) have a length of 57 mm or more when measured according to 8.43 (length of suction cup
projectiles) before and after testing according to 8.3 (torque test) and 8.4.2.4.1 (Tension test for a
non-foam shaft projectile), and
c) not detach when tested according to 8.3 (torque test), 8.4.2.4.1 (Tension test for a non-foam shaft
projectile), 8.7 (impact test), 8.8 compression test).
The projectile shall comply with either a) or both b) and c).
4.17.3 Projectile toys with stored energy
4.17.3.1 Energy limitation
Projectiles discharged from a projectile toy with stored energy with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J
when tested according to 8.24 (kinetic energy of projectiles) shall:
a) have a leading part(s) made of a resilient material.
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b) be accompanied by a warning about the potential hazard of aiming at the eyes or face (see 7.7). This
requirement does not apply to projectile toys where it would be considered unreasonable to aim at
the eyes or face of the user or a third party.
2
c) have a kinetic energy per unit area not greater than 2 500 J/m when tested according to 8.24.3.3.
(determination of kinetic energy per area of contact).
4.17.3.2 Edges
Edges on projectiles discharged from a projectile toy with stored energy that are adjacent to the leading
part(s), see Figure X.1, shall have visibly rounded edges. This requirement does not apply to projectiles
with resilient leading part(s) or leading part(s) made of paper or paperboard.
NOTE There may be multiple leading parts that require evaluation, especially in situations where the
projectile may travel in irregular or unpredictable orientations (e.g. tumbling).
4.17.3.3 Projectiles with a protective cap or cover
Projectiles with a resilient leading part that is a protective cap, cover or tip, covering a rigid shaft or
other rigid part, shall meet one of the following conditions:
a) the protective projective cap, cover or tip shall not become detached from the projectile when
tested in accordance with 8.3 (torque test) and 8.4.2.3 (tension test for protective components), or
b) any detached component(s) shall not be capable of being discharged by the discharge mechanism
further than 300 mm when measured in accordance with 8.X1 (determination of projectile range),
or
c) any detached component(s) shall continue to comply with the other requirements of 4.17.3
(projectile toys with stored energy).
4.17.3.4 Impact resistance
When tested in accordance with 8.4.2.5 (wall impact test for projectiles), projectiles shall not produce a
hazardous sharp edge (see 8.11, sharpness of edges) or a hazardous sharp point (see 8.12, sharpness of
points) and shall continue to comply with the other requirements of 4.17.3 (projectile toys with stored
energy).
4.17.3.5 Improvised projectiles
The discharge mechanism shall be designed so that it is unable to launch the improvised projectiles
specified in Figure X.3 and Table X, in a manner determined to be hazardous. The discharge mechanism
shall be assessed in the form in which it is supplied in the toy, i.e. there shall be no user modifications.
When evaluating the ability of a discharge mechanism to launch improvised projectiles in a hazardous
manner, consideration should be given to the following factors:
— the repeatability and ease of loading and then launching the improvised projectile;
— the orientation of the discharge mechanism;
— the speed and/or distance travelled by the improvised projectile;
— other factors considered to be relevant such as the ability to aim the improvised projectile.
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Key
1 cylindrical shaft
2 disc
3 sphere
Figure X.3 — Improvised projectiles
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Table X.1 — Dimensions of improvised projectiles shown in Figure X.3
Dimensions in millimetres
a
Designation Name Material D X1 X2 R H
Shafts (Figure X.3 Image 1)
A Pencil Hardwood 7 155 15 0,5
B Long nail / pen refill Aluminium 3 100 5 0,1
C Pen refill Aluminium 3 50 5 0,1
D Short nail / toothpick Aluminium 1,5 50 2,3 0,05
E Toothpick Aluminium 1,5 25 2,3 0,05
Spheres (Figure X.3 image 3)
F Steel ball Steel 8
G Small marble 1 Glass 16
H Large marble 2 Glass 25
Discs (Figure X.3 image 2)
I Small coin Steel 15 1,5
J Medium coin Steel 20 2
K Medium/large coin Steel 25 3
L Large coin Steel 30 3
a
Radii on shaft tips are non-critical dimensions:
Tolerances:
A (pencil), X1+X2 = ± 2 mm
B, C, D, E(metal), X1+X2 = ± 1 mm
F, G, H (glass marbles), = ± 1 mm
I, J, K, L (coins) = ± 0,5 mm diameter and ± 0,2 mm for thickness
Shaft A, (pencil) diameter = ± 0,5 mm
Shafts B, C, D and E (metal) diameters = ± 0,2 mm
4.17.4 Projectile toys without stored energy
4.17.4.1 Darts
a) Darts shall have resilient leading parts or shall:
1) be provided with a protective cap, cover or tip made of a resilient material, or
2
2) have a leading part with contact surface area of at least 2 cm when measured by direct means
and not according to 8.24.3.3.(determination of kinetic energy per area of contact).
b) After testing in accordance with 8.3 (torque test) and 8.4.2.3 (tension test for protective
components) darts with a protective cap, cover or tip shall conform to the following requirements:
1) the protective cap, cover or tip shall not become detached from the dart; or
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2) if the protective cap cover or tip becomes detached from the dart, the dart shall not be capable
of being launched by the discharge mechanism.
EXAMPLE Blow darts are an example of a dart launched by a discharge mechanism.
4.17.4.2 Bows and arrows
Arrows:
a) fired from a bow with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J when tested according to 8.24 (kinetic
energy of projectiles) shall have a maximum kinetic energy per unit area of contact not greater than
2
2 500 J/m , when determined in accordance with 8.24.3.3 (determination of kinetic energy per area
of contact);
b) shall be made of a resilient material or be provided with a protective cap, cover or tip made of a
resilient material;
c) shall not produce a hazardous sharp edge (see 8.11, sharpness of edges) or hazardous sharp point
(see 8.12, sharpness of points) after testing in accordance with 8.4.2.5 (wall impact test for
projectiles), and shall continue to comply with the other requirements of 4.17.4 (projectile toys
without stored energy).
If any of the improvised projectiles in Table X can be launched in manner determined to be hazardous
according to 4.17.3.5 by a bow capable of firing an arrows, the toy or its packaging shall carry a warning
(see 7.XX).
4.17.4.3 Toy catapults and projectiles propelled by an elastic band
Toy catapults with projectiles or projectiles launched into free flight by an elastic band that is capable of
holding a projectile shall meet the requirements of 4.17.3.1, 4.17.3.3 and 4.17.3.4.
If any of the improvised projectiles in Table X can be launched in manner determined to be hazardous
according 4.17.3.5 by a toy catapult with projectiles or by an elastic band that is capable of holding a
projectile, the toy or its packaging shall carry a warning (see 7.XX).
4.17.4.4 Projectile toys without stored energy where the discharge mechanism can store
energy, only when held in place by the user
The following requirements shall not apply to projectile toys without stored energy where:
— the supplied projectiles are discharged from the toy with an energy less than or equal to 0,08 J when
tested according to 8.24.1 (kinetic energy of projectiles), or
— to projectiles that have a maximum range of 1000 mm or less when measured in accordance with
8.X1 (determination of projectile range) where the projectile mass is less than 6 g.
Projectile toys without stored energy where the discharge mechanism can store energy only when held in
place by the user, shall meet the requirements of 4.17.3.1, 4.17.3.3, 4.17.3.4 and 4.17.3.5.".
3 Addition of a new Subclause 4.2X, Flying toys (see A.57)
Add the following new Subclause 4.2X, Flying toys (see A.57):
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"
4.2X Flying toys (see A.57)
4.2X.1 General
Leading part(s) on rigid parts of flying toys shall not protrude beyond the depth of the gauge shown in
Figure X.8 when tested according to 8.X2 (Assessment of leading parts of rigid projectiles and flying
toys).
4.2X.2 Rotors and propellers on flying toys
These requirements do not apply to propellers that normally rotate in the vertical plane, e.g. a propeller
on an aeroplane.
Rotors and propellers on flying toys that take-off into free flight shall be designed to minimize the
potential of rotating blades causing eye injury. This may be accomplished for example by one or more of
the following:
a) the design of the toy prevents the blade ends contacting the eyes.
b) the blades are made of flexible material that does not break or permanently deform when tested
according to 8.4.2.6 (perpendicular tension test for rotors and propellers).
c) the blade ends are “clutched” or loosely coupled to the rotor so that the ends are not directly
powered by the rotor drive.
d) a protective ring or partial ring around the perimeter of the rotor or propeller.
e) rotors or propellers are designed so that the leading part(s) are protected with a resilient material
or flexible part.
Examples of designs that achieve these conditions are given in A.57, Figure A.8.
Flying toys with rotors or propellers that might reasonably be able to be aimed at the face shall be
accompanied by a warning about the potential hazard of rotors or propellers impacting the eyes or face,
see 7.23.1.
4.2X.3 Rotors and propellers on remote controlled flying toys
These requirements do not apply to propellers that normally rotate in the vertical plane, e.g. a propeller
on an aeroplane.
Rotors and propellers on remote controlled flying toys shall conform to the following requirements:
a) Rotors and propellers shall have at least one or more of the following features:
1) The design of the toy prevents the blade ends contacting the eyes.
2) The blades shall be made of flexible material that does not break or permanently deform when
tested according to 8.4.2.6 (perpendicular tension test for rotors and propellers).
3) The blade ends are “clutched” or loosely attached coupled to the rotor so that the ends are not
directly powered by the rotor drive.
4) A protective ring or partial ring around the perimeter of the rotor or propeller.
5) Rotors or propellers are designed so that the leading part(s) are protected with a resilient
material or flexible part.
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Examples of designs that achieve these conditions are given in A.57, Figure A.8.
b) Rotor edges that may come in contact with the eyeball shall be visibly rounded in the horizontal
plane.
c) Rotor blades shall not detach when tested according to 8.4.2.7 (tension test for rotors and
propellers).
The Instructions for use of remote controlled flying toys shall give the user adequate information to use
the toy safely, see 7.23.2.
Rotor blades that are designed to be replaceable shall be accompanied by instructions that clearly
indicate the steps necessary to remove and securely replace the rotors.".
4 Modification to 7.7, Projectiles (see 4.17.3 c) and 4.17.4 c))
Replace the whole Subclause 7.7 with the following one:
"
7.7 Projectile toys (see 4.17.3.1)
Projectile toys with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J when tested according to 8.24.1 (kinetic energy
of projectiles) shall carry the following warning on the packaging or instructions:
“Warning. Do not aim at eyes or face.”
This requirement does not apply to projectile toys where it would be considered unreasonable to aim at
the eyes or face of the user or a third party.".
5 Addition of a new Subclause 7.23, Flying toys (see 4.2X)
Add the following new Subclause 7.23:
"
7.23 Flying toys (see 4.2X)
7.23.1 Flying toys
Flying toys with rotors or propellers that might reasonably be able to be aimed at the face or their
packaging shall carry the following warning:
“Warning. Always operate the toy away from eyes or face.”
7.23.2 Remote controlled flying toys
The instructions for use for remote control flying toys shall carry the following information:
— a reminder that the toy must be used with caution since skill is required in order to control the
flight and avoid collisions with the user, objects or third parties;
— precautions to be observed such as “Do not touch the rotating rotor, avoid loose clothing or hair
that could be caught in the rotor, do not fly near the face”;
— advice to adult supervisors to teach children how to safely fly and control the toy;
— conditions to be observed when using the toy (e.g. flying room/area needed, indoors or outdoors,
no obstacles and persons within flying range);
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— advice to keep the instructions for use.".
6 Addition of a new Subclause 7.XX, Improvised projectiles (see 4.17.4)
Add the following new Subclause 7.XX:
"
7.XX Improvised projectiles (see 4.17.4)
The potential dangers of using projectiles other than those supplied or recommended by the
manufacturer shall be drawn to the attention of the user. The following warning shall be on the toy or
its packaging:
“Warning. Do not discharge an object other that the projectile provided with this toy.”
7 Modification to 8.4.2.1, General (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23,
4.25, 5.1, 5.3, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and Clause 6)
th
Delete the 4 paragraph and Figure 20. (Figures are to be renumbered accordingly.)
8 Addition of new Subclauses 8.4.2.4, 8.4.2.5, 8.4.2.6 and 8.4.2.7
Add the following new subclauses:
"
8.4.2.4 Tension test for a projectile with a suction cup
8.4.2.4.1 Tension test for a non-foam shaft projectile
For projectiles with a suction cup as a leading part, attach a clamp on the shaft such that the edge of the
+1
clamp is at a point 57 ( ) mm from the leading part of the projectile. Determine this distance in
0
accordance with 8.X3 (length of suction cup projectiles). If, due to the length of the projectile, it is not
possible to achieve 57 mm between the clamp and the leading part of the projectile, place the clamp
such that its distance from the leading part of the projectile is maximized. Place a second clamp around
the suction cup such that it is held securely against a flat surface as shown in Figure X.4.
If clamping causes any damage to the projectile or if clamping the suction cup will affect the result of the
test, it is allowable to use alternative methods to secure the projectile.
If glue is used to fasten the suction cup to a flat surface, care shall then be taken that the solvents and
other chemicals in the glue do not influence the material properties of the suction cup or its fastening to
the shaft.
Subject the projectile to a longitudinal force of:
— (50 ± 2) N when the largest accessible dimension of the component to be gripped and tested is
6 mm or less, or
— (90 ± 2) N when the largest accessible dimension of the component to be gripped and tested is
greater than 6 mm.
Apply the force gradually over a period of approximately 5 s. Maintain the force for 10 s.
If the suction cup has detached determine whether the suction cup passes through template E in 8.32.1
(small balls and suction cups test).
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If the shaft has broken determine whether or not the remaining portion of the shaft and suction cup has
a total length of 57 mm or more.
Key
1 flat surface
2 clamps
3 57 mm from tip
Figure X.4 — Example of attachment of clamps when testing suction cups on projectiles
8.4.2.4.2 Tension test for a foam shaft projectile with a suction cup that has a diameter the
same as or less than the maximum diameter of the shaft/collar
For a projectile with a suction cup as a leading part on a foam shaft where the suction cup diameter,
when measured in the rela
...
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