SIST EN ISO 306:2014
(Main)Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
This International Standard specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials: - Method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 °C/h - Method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 °C/h - Method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 °C/h - Method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 °C/h. The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
1.1 Diese Internationale Norm legt vier Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST)
von Thermoplasten fest:
- Verfahren A50 mit einer Kraft von 10 N und einer Heizrate von 50 °C/h;
- Verfahren B50 mit einer Kraft von 50 N und einer Heizrate von 50 °C/h;
- Verfahren A120 mit einer Kraft von 10 N und einer Heizrate von 120 °C/h;
- Verfahren B120 mit einer Kraft von 50 N und einer Heizrate von 120 °C/h.
1.2 Die festgelegten Verfahren sind nur auf Thermoplaste anwendbar, für die sie eine Kennzahl der
Temperatur liefern, bei der die Thermoplaste beginnen schnell zu erweichen.
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
L'ISO 306:2013 spécifie quatre méthodes de détermination de la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) des matières thermoplastiques:
méthode A50 utilisant une charge de 10 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 50 K/h;
méthode B50 utilisant une charge de 50 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 50 K/h;
méthode A120 utilisant une charge de 10 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 120 K/h;
méthode B120 utilisant une charge de 50 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 120 K/h.
Les méthodes spécifiées sont uniquement applicables aux thermoplastiques. Elles permettent de mesurer la température à laquelle le ramollissement de ces matières devient rapide.
Polimerni materiali - Plastomeri - Ugotavljanje temperature zmehčišča po Vicatu (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Ta mednarodni standard določa štiri metode za ugotavljanje temperature zmehčišča polimernih materialov po Vicatu (VST): – metoda A50 z uporabo sile 10 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 50 °C/h, – metoda B50 z uporabo sile 50 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 50 °C/h, – metoda A120 z uporabo sile 10 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 120 °C/h, – metoda B120 z uporabo sile 50 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 120 °C/h. Opisane metode veljajo za polimerne materiale, za katere podajajo temperaturno meritev, pri kateri se plastomeri začnejo hitro mehčati.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 306:2014
01-maj-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 306:2004
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL3ODVWRPHUL8JRWDYOMDQMHWHPSHUDWXUH]PHKþLãþDSR9LFDWX
967 ,62
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST)
(ISO 306:2013)
Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO
306:2013)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de la température de
ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 306:2013
ICS:
83.080.20 Plastomeri Thermoplastic materials
SIST EN ISO 306:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 306
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2013
ICS 83.080.20 Supersedes EN ISO 306:2004
English Version
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat
softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-
la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
306:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 306:2013 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
EN ISO 306:2013 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
EN ISO 306:2013 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 306:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by May 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 306:2004.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 306:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 306:2013 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 306
Fifth edition
2013-11-15
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials
— Determination of Vicat softening
temperature (VST)
Plastiques — Matières thermoplastiques — Détermination de la
température de ramollissement Vicat (VST)
Reference number
ISO 306:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test frame assembly calibration . 5
7 Test specimens. 6
8 Conditioning . 6
9 Procedure. 6
10 Precision . 7
11 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and
direct-contact heating unit . 9
Annex B (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and
fluidized bed .11
Annex C (informative) Repeatability and precision .13
Bibliography .16
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 306:2004), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are the following additions:
— new apparatus, namely heating equipment consisting of a fluidized bed;
— precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009;
— comparison data for tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed.
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
Introduction
This revision introduces heating equipment, consisting of a fluidized bed, as a new apparatus; this is as
an alternative to liquid-filled heating baths and direct-contact heating units. Fluidized beds can reach
higher temperatures than traditional liquid-filled heating baths; therefore, they represent a suitable
way to measure the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials having improved
thermo-mechanical properties.
It was also felt necessary to add
— precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009, and
— comparison data for tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed.
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 306:2013(E)
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of
Vicat softening temperature (VST)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening
temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials:
— method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
— method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
— method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h;
— method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h.
The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the
temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 293, Plastics — Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials
ISO 294-1, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens
ISO 294-2, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 2: Small
tensile bars
ISO 294-3, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small plates
ISO 472, Plastics — Vocabulary
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 20753, Plastics — Test specimens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.
3.1
penetration
distance over which the indenting tip has to penetrate into the specimen under test
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm).
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
3.2
load
force applied to test specimen by means of the indenting tip
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in Newtons (N).
3.3
Vicat softening temperature
VST
temperature at which a flat-ended needle penetrates the specimen to a depth of 1 mm under a specified
load using a selected uniform rate of temperature rise
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).
4 Principle
The temperature at which a standard indenting tip with a flat point penetrates 1 mm into the surface of
a plastic test specimen is determined. The indenting tip exerts a specified force perpendicular to the test
specimen, while the specimen is heated at a specified and uniform rate.
The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the specimen, measured as close as possible to the indented area
at 1 mm penetration, is quoted as the VST.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Heating equipment, consisting of one of the following (5.1.1, 5.1.2 or 5.1.3) that will accept a
minimum of two test frame assemblies and a cooling device (5.1.4).
The heating equipment shall be provided with means of temperature control, enabling the temperature
to be raised at a uniform rate of (50 ± 5) K/h or (120 ± 10) K/h.
The heating rate shall be verified
— either by checking and recording automatically over the whole temperature range, or
— by manually checking and recording the temperature change at 6-min intervals over the temperature
range being verified.
The requirement for the heating rate shall be considered satisfied if, over every 6-min interval during
the test, the temperature change is (5 ± 0,5) °C or (12 ± 1) °C, respectively. For multiposition heating
equipment, the heating rate shall be verified at each test station. The apparatus may be designed to shut
off the heat automatically and sound an alarm when the specified indentation has been reached.
5.1.1 Liquid-filled heating bath, containing a liquid in which the test specimen can be immersed to a
depth of at least 35 mm. Liquid paraffin, transformer oil, glycerol and silicone oil are suitable liquid heat-
transfer media, but other liquids may be used. An efficient stirrer shall be provided. It shall be established
that the liquid chosen is stable at the temperature used and does not affect the material under test, for
example by swelling or cracking. Do not heat the liquid filled heating bath in excess of the flash point
specified by the heat transfer media manufacturer.
5.1.2 Direct-contact heating unit, containing heaters and blocks, which through conductive heating,
raise the temperature of the specimen at a controlled rate until the VST is reached.
5.1.3 Fluidized bed, containing a powder bed (e.g. aluminium oxide powder), in which the test specimen
can be immersed to a depth of at least 35 mm. This type of apparatus uses a micrometric aluminium oxide
powder, which when mixed with a suitable flow of heated air, creates a liquid-like heating medium. The
maximum working temperatures (and measurable VSTs) are therefore much higher than those attainable
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 306:2014
ISO 306:2013(E)
with liquids according to 5.1.1. An efficient stirring mechanism shall be provided, in order to achieve a
temperature homogeneity in the specimen area analogous to the case of a liquid-filled heating bath.
5.1.4 Cooling device, as an optional means to reduce the temperature of the heating device; it may be
used to reduce the time between tests.
5.2 Test frame assemblies (see Figures 1 and 2), consisting of the following.
5.2.1 Rod and frame, provided with a support plate or other suitable load-application device, held in a
rigid metal frame. The rod shall be able to move freely, with minimum friction, in a vertical direction. The
rod shall be designed to accept weights that will apply the test load. The base of the frame supports the
test specimen under the indenting tip at the end of the rod (see Figures 1 and 2). It is recommended that
the rod and the frame(s) be constructed of low thermal expansion material.
5.2.2 Indenting tip, preferably of hardened steel, 1,5 mm to 3 mm long, of circular cross-section and
2
of area (1,000 ± 0,015) mm (corresponding to an indenting-tip diameter of (1,128 ± 0,008) mm), fixed
at the bottom of the rod (5.2.1). The surface of the indenting tip in contact with the specimen shall be flat
and perpendicular to the axis of the rod, and free from burrs.
5.2.3 Weights, applied to the rod (5.2.1) centrally, so that the total load applied to the test specimen is
(10 ± 0,2) N for methods A50 and A120 and (50 ± 1) N for methods B50 and B120.
5.2.4 Penetration-measuring dev
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
01-april-2012
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL3ODVWRPHUL8JRWDYOMDQMHWHPSHUDWXUH]PHKþLãþDSR9LFDWX
967 ,62',6
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST)
(ISO/DIS 306:2012)
Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST)
(ISO/DIS 306:2012)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de la température de
ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO/DIS 306:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 306 rev
ICS:
83.080.20 Plastomeri Thermoplastic materials
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 306 rev
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2012
ICS 83.080.20 Will supersede EN ISO 306:2004
English Version
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat
softening temperature (VST) (ISO/DIS 306:2012)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-
la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO/DIS Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO/DIS 306:2012)
306:2012)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 249.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 306 rev:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
prEN ISO 306:2012 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
prEN ISO 306:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 306:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN ISO 306:2004.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 306:2012 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 306:2012 without any modification.
3
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 306
ISO/TC 61/SC 2 Secretariat: AENOR
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2012-01-12 2012-06-12
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat
softening temperature (VST)
Plastiques — Matières thermoplastiques — Détermination de la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST)
[Revision of fourth edition (ISO 306:2004)]
ICS 83.080.20
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and
processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME
STANDARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2012
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test specimens . 6
7 Conditioning . 6
8 Procedure . 6
9 Precision . 7
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with Liquid-filled Heating Bath and
Direct-contact heating unit . 1
Annex B (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with Liquid-filled Heating Bath and
Fluidized Bath . 1
Annex C (informative) Repeatability and Precision . 1
C.1 Repeatability . 1
C.2 Precision . 1
C.2.1 Precision data . 1
C.2.2 Precision statement . 3
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 306 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical
properties.
This second/third/. edition cancels and replaces the first/second/. edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s) /
table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
Introduction
The main changes introduced in this revision of ISO 306 can be summarized as follows:
A heating equipment consisting of a fluidized bath is added as a new apparatus, as an alternative to liquid-
filled heating baths and direct-contact heating units. Fluidized baths can reach higher temperatures than
traditional liquid-filled heating baths, so they represent a suitable way to measure VST of thermoplastic
materials having improved thermo-mechanical properties.
Precision data based on a round robin test performed in 2009 are added.
Comparison data for tests with liquid-filled heating bath and fluidized bath are added.
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 306
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat
softening temperature (VST)
1 Scope
1.1 This International Standard specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening
temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials:
⎯ Method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 °C/h
⎯ Method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 °C/h
⎯ Method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 °C/h
⎯ Method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 °C/h
1.2 The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the
temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IS0 291 Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.
IS0 293 Plastics — Compression moulding rest specimens of thermoplastic materials.
IS0 294-1 Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General
IS0 294-2 Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 2: Small tensile
bars
IS0 294-3 Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small plates
ISO 472 Plastics — Vocabulary
IS0 2818 Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining.
IS0 20753 Plastics — Test specimens.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes for this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
3.1
Penetration
Distance over which the indenting tip has to penetrate inside the specimen under test
NOTE It is expressed in millimeters (mm).
3.2
Load
Force applied to test specimen by means of the indenting tip
NOTE It is expressed in Newtons (N).
3.3
Vicat softening point (VST)
Temperature at which the indenting tip has reach the defined penetration value as the temperature as
increased
NOTE It is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).
4 Principle
The temperature at which a standard indenting tip with a flat point penetrates 1 mm into the surface of a
plastic test specimen is determined. The indenting tip exerts a specified force perpendicular to the test
specimen, while the specimen is heated at a specified and uniform rate.
The temperature, in degree Celsius, of the specimen, measured as close as possible to the indented area at 1
mm penetration, is quoted as the VST.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Heating equipment, consisting of one of the following that will accept a minimum of two test frame
assemblies:
5.1.1 Liquid-filled Heating Bath - containing a liquid in which the test specimen can be immersed to a
depth of at least 35 mm. Liquid paraffin, transformer oil, glycerol and silicone oil are suitable liquid heat-
transfer media, but other liquids may be used. An efficient stirrer shall be provided. It shall be established that
the liquid chosen is stable at the temperature used and does not affect the material under test, for example by
swelling or cracking.
NOTE - Do not heat the liquid filled heating bath in excess of the flash point specified by the heat transfer media
manufacturer.
5.1.2 Direct-contact Heating Unit - containing heaters and blocks which, through conductive heating, raise
the temperature of the specimen at a controlled rate until the VST is reached.
5.1.3 Fluidized Bath - containing a fluidized powder bed (e.g. aluminium oxide powder) in which the test
specimen can be immersed to a depth of at least 35 mm. This type of apparatus uses a micrometric
aluminium-oxide powder that, mixed with a suitable flow of heated air, creates a liquid-like heating medium.
The maximum working temperatures (and measurable VSTs) are therefore much higher than those attainable
with liquids as per 5.1.1 an efficient stirring mechanism shall be provided.
5.1.4 The heating equipment shall be provided with temperature control means enabling the temperature to
be raised at a uniform rate of 50 °C/h ± 5 °C/h or 120 °C/h ± 10 °C/h.
The heating rate shall be verified
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oSIST prEN ISO 306:2012
ISO/DIS 306
ۛ either by checking and recording the automatically temperature reading;
ۛ or by manually checking and recording the temperature change at 6 minute intervals over the temperature
range being verified .
The requirement for the heating rate shall be considered satisfied if, over every 6 min interval during the test,
the temperature change is 5 °C/h ± 0, 5 °C/h or 12 °C/h ± 1 °C/h, respectively. For multi-position baths, the
heating rate shall be verified at each test station. The apparatus may be designed to shut off the heat
automatically and sound an alarm when the specified indentation has been reached.
5.1.5 Cooling Device – an optional means to reduce the temperature of the heating device may be used to
reduce the time between tests.
5.2 Test frame assemblies, consisting of:
5.2.1 Rod, provided with an add on plate or other suitable load-applying device, held in a rigid metal frame.
The rod shall be able to move freely, with minimum friction, in the vertical direction. The rod shall be designed
to accept weights that will apply the test load. The base of the frame supports the test specimen under the
indenting tip at the end of the rod (see Figure 1 and 2). It is recommended that the rod and the frame(s) be
constructed of low thermal expansion material.
5.2.2 Indenting tip, preferably of hardened steel, 1,5 mm to 3 mm long, of circular cross-section, and of
2 2
area 1,000 mm ± 0,015 mm (corresponding to an indenting-tip diameter of 1,128 mm ± 0,008 mm), fixed at
the bottom of the rod (5.2.1). The surface of the indenting tip in contact with the specimen shall be flat and
perpendicular to the axis of the rod, and free from burrs.
5.2.3 Weights - applied to the rod (5.2.1) centrally so that the total load applied to the test specimen is 10 N
± 0,2 N for methods A50 and A120 and 50 N ± 1 N for methods B50 and B120.
5.2.4 Penetration measuring device - Calibrated micrometer dial gauge, LVDT (linear variable differential
transformer) or other suitable measuring instrument, to measure to ± 0,01 mm the penetration of the indenting
tip into the test specimen.
5.2.5 Temperature measuring device
5.2.5.1 For a Liquid-filled Heating Bath and a Fluidized Bath
Use a mercury-in-glass thermometer of the partial-immersion type, thermocouple or resistance temperature
device (RTD) or another suitable temperature-measuring instrument, of appropriate range and accurate to
within 0,5 °C. Mercury-in-glass thermometers shall be calibrated at the depth of immersion required by 8.2.
The temperature measuring device
...
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