SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003

• Abstract:

  ....

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• ICS: 33.040.20 - Transmission systems
• ICS: 33.070.50 - Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
• Technical Committee: SS EIT - Technical Board for the electrotechnical, information technology and telecommunications fields
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Due Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Ref Project: ETSI ETS 300 574 ed.1 (1994-09) - European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2); Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path (GSM 05.02)

SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 is the Slovenian adoption of ETS 300 574 Edition 1 from ETSI for the European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2). It specifies the physical channels on the GSM radio path, including how logical channels are carried, how bursts, timeslots and TDMA frames are structured, and how frequency hopping and channel combinations are assigned for the radio sub-system.

What does SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 specify?

SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 defines the physical channels of the radio sub-system needed to support the logical channels used in GSM Phase 2. It also sets out the time and frequency structure of the air interface, the burst formats, and the rules for mapping logical channels onto physical channels.

The document is organized around that flow:

• Section 1 gives the scope, normative references, and definitions.
• Section 2 gives the general channel view.
• Section 3 describes logical channels.
• Section 4 defines the physical resource.
• Section 5 defines physical channels and bursts.
• Section 6 defines the mapping of logical channels onto physical channels.
• Section 7 contains the mapping tables and diagrams that implementers use.

Part of the document	What it covers
Section 3	Logical traffic and control channels
Section 4	RF channels, timeslots, TDMA frames, cell allocation and mobile allocation
Section 5	Burst types, timing and channel parameters
Section 6	Frequency hopping, time mapping, allowed combinations, paging and SMSCB operation
Section 7	Tables and figures for channel mapping and frame organization

What are the key requirements of SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003?

SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 is mainly a channel-structure and channel-mapping specification. In practice, it tells a network designer or equipment implementer which logical channel can occupy which physical resource, how the radio timing is organized, and which configuration parameters must be broadcast or derived.

Logical channels and their purpose

Section 3 separates channels into traffic channels (TCHs) and control channels. TCHs carry encoded speech or user data, while control channels carry signalling or synchronization data.

The main traffic-channel families are full-rate TCH/F and half-rate TCH/H, with speech and data variants such as TCH/FS, TCH/HS, TCH/F9.6, TCH/F4.8, TCH/H4.8, TCH/H2.4 and TCH/F2.4. This matters because the channel type determines the bearer capacity and the kind of service that can be offered.

Broadcast, common and dedicated control channels

Section 3 also defines broadcast, common, and dedicated control channels. FCCH provides frequency correction, SCH provides frame synchronization and base transceiver station identification, BCCH broadcasts cell information, CCCH covers PCH, RACH and AGCH, and dedicated control channels include SACCH, FACCH and SDCCH variants.

CBCH is defined as a downlink-only channel for SMSCB, and it uses the same physical channel as SDCCH. For a buyer or integrator, this means signalling, paging, access and cell broadcast functions all depend on the channel layout chosen for the cell.

Physical resource, timing and frame structure

Section 4 describes the radio resource as a partition of spectrum in frequency and time. The cell allocation (CA) is the set of RF channels used in a cell, one channel in that set is the BCCH carrier C0, and the mobile allocation (MA) is the subset assigned to a mobile.

The timing model is fixed: a timeslot lasts 3/5200 seconds, eight timeslots form a TDMA frame, and the frame number FN is cyclic through a hyperframe. The uplink is delayed by three timeslots relative to the downlink at the base transceiver station, and the mobile uses adaptive frame alignment to compensate for propagation delay. In practice, this is the timing base for burst transmission, receive/transmit switching and synchronization.

Bursts and burst content

Section 5 defines the burst types that fill a timeslot: normal burst (NB), frequency correction burst (FB), synchronization burst (SB), dummy burst, and access burst (AB). Each burst has a fixed internal structure, including tail bits, training bits, encrypted bits or fixed bits, and a guard period.

A practical point is that broadcast and common control channels use a training sequence code (TSC) that must match the base station identity color code (BCC). The guard period exists to allow ramp-up and ramp-down between bursts, which helps reduce interference on adjacent channels.

Frequency hopping and channel assignment

Section 6.2 defines the hopping sequence generation using CA, FN, MA, MAIO and HSN. If HSN is zero, the hopping is cyclic; otherwise the document gives an algorithm based on T1, T2, T3 and a look-up table.

This matters when planning capacity or interference performance because the base station and the mobile must share the same hopping configuration. The document also states that frequency hopping is not permitted on timeslots supporting the BCCH, so the control carrier is treated differently from traffic carriers.

Allowed combinations, paging and SMSCB operation

Sections 6.4 and 6.5 list the permitted channel combinations and the rules for operating them. Examples include TCH/F with FACCH/F and SACCH/TF, TCH/H with associated control channels, BCCH with CCCH, BCCH with CCCH plus SDCCH/4 and SACCH/C4, and SDCCH/8 with SACCH/C8.

The BCCH parameters BS_CCCH_CONF, BS_AG_BLKS_RES and BS_PA_MFRMS control how common control resources are organized, how many access grant blocks are reserved, and how often paging repeats. The document also defines how a mobile derives CCCH_GROUP and PAGING_GROUP from the IMSI, so paging load and idle-mode monitoring can be planned consistently.

For SMSCB, Section 6.5.4 requires the message to be sent on CBCH in four consecutive multiframes, with the header in the first multiframe. That is the practical rule that drives broadcast-message scheduling on cells that support cell broadcast service.

What terms does SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 define?

• TCH (Traffic Channel) - A channel used to carry encoded speech or user data.
• BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel) - The downlink channel that broadcasts general cell information on the BCCH carrier.
• CCCH (Common Control Channel) - The shared control-channel set made up of PCH, RACH and AGCH.
• SDCCH (Standalone Dedicated Control Channel) - A dedicated signalling channel used on its own or in combined channel arrangements.
• SACCH (Slow Associated Control Channel) - A low-rate associated control channel used with a traffic or dedicated signalling channel for ongoing control information.
• FACCH (Fast Associated Control Channel) - A higher-priority associated control channel used when signalling must interrupt traffic.
• SMSCB (Short Message Service Cell Broadcast) - The cell-broadcast service carried on CBCH.

Who uses SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003?

SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 is used by GSM radio engineers, base station and mobile station implementers, and network planners who configure the air interface. It is also relevant to test laboratories and quality teams that verify burst timing, channel assignment, paging behavior, and frequency-hopping operation.

In practice, users apply it when they:

• configure BCCH, CCCH, SDCCH, SACCH and traffic-channel allocations,
• plan hopping and non-hopping RF channel sequences,
• set paging and access-grant capacity,
• implement burst timing and frame alignment,
• and validate SMSCB support on CBCH.

Which standards are used with SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003?

Section 1.2 names the supporting GSM specifications that this document relies on:

• GSM 01.04 - provides definitions, abbreviations and acronyms.
• GSM 03.03 - covers numbering, addressing and identification, including identities used here.
• GSM 04.03 - defines channel structures and access capabilities.
• GSM 04.06 - specifies the MS-BSS data link layer.
• GSM 04.08 - defines layer 3 signalling and the BCCH parameters used for channel operation.
• GSM 05.03 - covers channel coding for the parameters carried in bursts.
• GSM 05.04 - covers modulation.
• GSM 05.05 - covers radio transmission and reception, including RF channel behavior and ramping.
• GSM 05.08 - covers radio subsystem link control and the use of measurements and SID frames.
• GSM 05.10 - covers radio subsystem synchronization, frame timing and adaptive frame alignment.

What does the SIST ETS 300 574 E1:2003 document contain?

The document contains the burst layouts, timing rules, mapping tables and algorithms needed to implement the GSM radio path. Section 5 gives the bit structures for NB, FB, SB, dummy burst and AB, while Section 6 gives the hopping algorithm, the paging-group calculations, and the SMSCB scheduling rules.

Section 7 is especially practical because it tabulates the allowed logical-channel combinations and their frame mappings. It also shows repeat lengths, interleaved block patterns, and the special treatment of BCCH, CCCH, SDCCH and CBCH resources. Figures illustrate the overall mapping model, the TDMA frame structure, the burst formats, mobile usage of timeslots, and the hopping sequence logic.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2003
(YURSVNLGLJLWDOQLFHOLþQLWHOHNRPXQLNDFLMVNLVLVWHPID]D±0XOWLSOHNVLUDQMHLQ
VRGRVWRSQDUDGLMVNLSRWL*60
European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2); Multiplexing and multiple
access on the radio path (GSM 05.02)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 574 Edition 1
ICS:
33.040.20 Prenosni sistem Transmission systems
33.070.50 Globalni sistem za mobilno Global System for Mobile
telekomunikacijo (GSM) Communication (GSM)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN ETS 300 574
TELECOMMUNICATION September 1994
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-SMG Reference: GSM 05.02
ICS: 33.060.30
European digital cellular telecommunications system, Global System for Mobile communications
Key words:
(GSM)
European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2);
Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path
(GSM 05.02)
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1995. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
Contents
Foreword .5
1.1 Scope .7
1.2 Normative references.7
1.3 Definitions and abbreviations .7
2. General.7
3. Logical channels.8
3.1 General .8
3.2 Traffic channels .8
3.2.1 General.8
3.2.2 Speech traffic channels.8
3.2.3 Data traffic channels.8
3.3 Control channels.8
3.3.1 General.8
3.3.2 Broadcast channels.8
3.3.2.1 Frequency correction channel (FCCH).8
3.3.2.2 Synchronization channel (SCH).9
3.3.2.3 Broadcast control channel (BCCH) .9
3.3.3 Common control type channels, known when combined as a common
control channel (CCCH): .9
3.3.4 Dedicated control channels.10
3.3.5 Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH).10
3.4 Combination of channels .10
4. The physical resource .10
4.1 General .10
4.2 Radio frequency channels .10
4.2.1 Cell allocation and mobile allocation .10
4.2.2 Downlink and uplink .10
4.3 Timeslots and TDMA frames.11
4.3.1 General.11
4.3.2 Timeslot number .11
4.3.3 TDMA frame number.11
5. Physical channels.11
5.1 General .11
5.2 Bursts.11
5.2.1 General.11
5.2.2 Types of burst and burst timing.12
5.2.3 Normal burst (NB) .12
5.2.4 Frequency correction burst (FB).13
5.2.5 Synchronization burst (SB).13
5.2.6 Dummy burst.14
5.2.7 Access burst (AB).14
5.2.8 Guard period .14
5.3 Physical channels and bursts .15
5.4 Radio frequency channel sequence.15
5.5 Timeslot and TDMA frame sequence.15
5.6 Parameters for channel definition and assignment .15
5.6.1 General.15
5.6.2 General parameters .15
5.6.3 Specific parameters .16

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
6. Mapping of logical channels onto physical channels . 16
6.1 General. 16
6.2 Mapping in frequency of logical channels onto physical channels . 16
6.2.1 General . 16
6.2.2 Parameters . 16
6.2.3 Hopping sequence generation. 16
6.2.4 Specific cases. 17
6.2.5 Change in the frequency allocation of a base transceiver station . 18
6.3 Mapping in time of logical channels onto physical channels. 18
6.3.1 General . 18
6.3.2 Key to the mapping table of section 7. 18
6.3.3 Mapping of TCH/F9.6, TCH/F4.8, TCH/H4.8 and TCH/H2.4 . 18
6.3.4 Mapping of BCCH data. 19
6.3.5 Mapping of SID Frames. 19
6.4 Permitted channel combinations. 19
6.5 Operation of channels and channel combinations . 20
6.5.1 General . 20
6.5.2 Determination of CCCH_GROUP and PAGING_GROUP . 21
6.5.3 Determination of specific paging multiframe and paging block index. 21
6.5.4 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB). 21
History. 35

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Special Mobile Group
(SMG) Technical Committee (TC) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
This ETS defines the physical channels of the radio sub-system required to support the logical channels
used within the European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2).
This ETS correspond to GSM technical specification, GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2.
The specification from which this ETS has been derived was originally based on CEPT documentation,
hence the presentation of this ETS may not be entirely in accordance with the ETSI/PNE rules.
Reference is made within this ETS to GSM Technical Specifications (GSM-TSs) (NOTE).
NOTE: TC-SMG has produced documents which give the technical specifications for the
implementation of the European digital cellular telecommunications system.
Historically, these documents have been identified as GSM Technical Specifications
(GSM-TSs). These TSs may have subsequently become I-ETSs (Phase 1), or ETSs
(Phase 2), whilst others may become ETSI Technical Reports (ETRs). GSM-TSs are,
for editorial reasons, still referred to in GSM ETSs.

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
1.1 Scope
This technical specification defines the physical channels of the radio sub-system required to support the
logical channels. It includes a description of the logical channels and the definition of frequency hopping,
TDMA frames, timeslots and bursts.
1.2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] GSM 01.04 (ETR 100): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Definitions, abbreviations and acronyms".
[2] GSM 03.03 (ETS 300 523): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Numbering, addressing and identification".
[3] GSM 04.03 (ETS 300 552): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface Channel
structures and access capabilities".
[4] GSM 04.06 (ETS 300 555): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface Data Link
(DL) layer specification".
[5] GSM 04.08 (ETS 300 557): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification".
[6] GSM 05.03 (ETS 300 575): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Channel coding".
[7] GSM 05.04 (ETS 300 576): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Modulation".
[8] GSM 05.05 (ETS 300 577): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Radio transmission and reception".
[9] GSM 05.08 (ETS 300 578): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Radio subsystem link control".
[10] GSM 05.10 (ETS 300 579): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Radio subsystem synchronisation".
1.3 Definitions and abbreviations
Definitions and abbreviations used in this specification are listed in GSM 01.04.
2. General
The radio subsystem is required to support a certain number of logical channels that can be separated
into two overall categories as defined in GSM 04.03:
i) The traffic channels (TCH's).
ii) The control channels.
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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
More information is given about these logical channels in section 3 which also defines a number of special
channels used by the radio sub-system.
Section 4 of this document describes the physical resource available to the radio sub-system, section 5
defines physical channels based on that resource and section 6 specifies how the logical channels shall
be mapped onto physical channels. Figure 1 depicts this process.
3. Logical channels
3.1 General
This section describes the logical channels that are supported by the radio subsystem.
3.2 Traffic channels
3.2.1 General
Traffic channels (TCH's) are intended to carry either encoded speech or user data. Two general forms of
traffic channel are defined:
i) Full rate traffic channel (TCH/F). This channel carries information at a gross rate of 22.8
kbits/s.
ii) Half rate traffic channel (TCH/H). This channel carries information at a gross rate of 11.4
kbit/s.
The specific traffic channels available in the categories of speech and user data are defined in the
sections following.
3.2.2 Speech traffic channels
The following traffic channels are defined to carry encoded speech:
i) Full rate traffic channel for speech (TCH/FS).
ii) Half rate traffic channel for speech (TCH/HS).
3.2.3 Data traffic channels
The following traffic channels are defined to carry user data:
i) Full rate traffic channel for 9.6 kbit/s user data (TCH/F9.6).
ii) Full rate traffic channel for 4.8 kbit/s user data (TCH/F4.8).
iii) Half rate traffic channel for 4.8 kbit/s user data (TCH/H4.8).
iv) Half rate traffic channel for μ 2.4 kbit/s user data (TCH/H2.4).
v) Full rate traffic channel for μ 2.4 kbit/s user data (TCH/F2.4)
3.3 Control channels
3.3.1 General
Control channels are intended to carry signalling or synchronization data. Three categories of control
channel are defined: broadcast, common and dedicated. Specific channels within these categories are
defined in the sections following.
3.3.2 Broadcast channels
3.3.2.1 Frequency correction channel (FCCH)
The frequency correction channel carries information for frequency correction of the mobile station. It is
required only for the operation of the radio sub-system.

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
3.3.2.2 Synchronization channel (SCH)
The synchronization channel carries information for frame synchronization of the mobile station and
identification of a base transceiver station. It is required only for the operation of the radio sub-system.
Specifically the synchronization channel shall contain two encoded parameters:
a) Base transceiver station identity code (BSIC): 6 bits (before channel coding) consists of 3 bits
of PLMN colour code with range 0 to 7 and 3 bits of BS colour code with range 0 to 7 as
defined in GSM 03.03.
b) Reduced TDMA frame number (RFN): 19 bits (before channel coding) =
T1 (11 bits) range 0 to 2047 = FN div ( 26 x 51)
T2 (5 bits) range 0 to 25  = FN mod 26
T3' (3 bits) range 0 to 4   = (T3 - 1) div 10
where
T3 (6 bits) range 0 to 50 = FN mod 51
and
FN = TDMA frame number as defined in section 4.3.3.
GSM 04.06 and GSM 04.08 specify the precise bit ordering, GSM 05.03 the channel coding of the above
parameters and GSM 05.10 defines how the TDMA frame number can be calculated from T1, T2, and
T3'.
3.3.2.3 Broadcast control channel (BCCH)
The broadcast control channel broadcasts general information on a base transceiver station per base
transceiver station basis. Of the many parameters contained in the BCCH, the use of the following
parameters, as defined in GSM 04.08 are referred to in section 6.5:
a) CCCH_CONF which indicates the organization of the common control channels:
From this parameter, the number of common control channels (BS_CC_CHANS) and
whether or not CCCH or SDCCH are combined (BS_CCCH_SDCCH_COMB = true or false)
are derived as follows:
CCCH_CONF BS_CC_CHANS BS_CCCH_SDCCH_COMB
000 1 false
001 1 true
010 2 false
100 3 false
110 4 false
b) BS_AG_BLKS_RES which indicates the number of blocks on each common control channel
reserved for access grant messages:
3 bits (before channel coding) range 0 to 7.
c) BS_PA_MFRMS which indicates the number of 51 TDMA frame multiframes between
transmission of paging messages to mobiles of the same paging group:
3 bits (before channel coding) range 2 to 9.
3.3.3 Common control type channels, known when combined as a common control channel
(CCCH):
i) Paging channel (PCH): Downlink only, used to page mobiles.
ii) Random access channel (RACH): Uplink only, used to request allocation of a SDCCH.
iii) Access grant channel (AGCH): Downlink only, used to allocate a SDCCH or directly a TCH.

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3.3.4 Dedicated control channels
i) Slow, TCH/F associated, control channel (SACCH/TF)
ii) Fast, TCH/F associated, control channel (FACCH/F)
iii) Slow, TCH/H associated, control channel (SACCH/TH)
iv) Fast, TCH/H associated, control channel (FACCH/H)
v) Stand alone dedicated control channel (SDCCH/8)
vi) Slow, SDCCH/8 associated, control channel (SACCH/C8)
vii) Stand alone dedicated control channel, combined with CCCH (SDCCH/4)
viii) Slow, SDCCH/4 associated, control channel (SACCH/C4)
3.3.5 Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH)
The CBCH, downlink only, is used to carry the short message service cell broadcast (SMSCB). The
CBCH uses the same physical channel as the SDCCH.
3.4 Combination of channels
Only certain combinations of channels are allowed as defined in GSM 04.03. Section 6.4 lists the
combinations in relation to basic physical channels.
4. The physical resource
4.1 General
The physical resource available to the radio sub-system is an allocation of part of the radio spectrum. This
resource is partitioned both in frequency and time. Frequency is partitioned by radio frequency channels
(RFCHs) divided into bands as defined in GSM 05.05. Time is partitioned by timeslots and TDMA frames
as defined in section 4.3 of this document.
4.2 Radio frequency channels
4.2.1 Cell allocation and mobile allocation
GSM 05.05 defines radio frequency channels (RFCHs), and allocates numbers to all the radio frequency
channels available to the system. Each cell is allocated a subset of these channels, defined as the cell
allocation (CA). One radio frequency channel of the cell allocation shall be used to carry synchronization
information and the BCCH, this shall be known as BCCH carrier. The subset of the cell allocation,
allocated to a particular mobile, shall be known as the mobile allocation (MA).
4.2.2 Downlink and uplink
The downlink comprises radio frequency channels used in the base transceiver station to mobile station
direction.
The uplink comprises radio frequency channels used in the mobile station to base transceiver station
direction.
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4.3 Timeslots and TDMA frames
4.3.1 General
A timeslot shall have a duration of 3/5200 seconds (~ 577 μs). Eight timeslots shall form a TDMA frame (~
4.62 ms in duration).
At the base transceiver station the TDMA frames on all of the radio frequency channels in the downlink
shall be aligned. The same shall apply to the uplink (see GSM 05.10).
At the base transceiver station the start of a TDMA frame on the uplink is delayed by the fixed period of 3
timeslots from the start of the TDMA frame on the downlink (see Figure 2).
At the mobile station this delay will be variable to allow adjustment for signal propagation delay. The
process of adjusting this advance is known as adaptive frame alignment and is detailed in GSM 05.10.
The staggering of TDMA frames used in the downlink and uplink is in order to allow the same timeslot
number to be used in the downlink and uplink whilst avoiding the requirement for the mobile station to
transmit and receive simultaneously. The period includes time for adaptive frame alignment, transceiver
tuning and receive/transmit switching (see Figure 4).
4.3.2 Timeslot number
The timeslots within a TDMA frame shall be numbered from 0 to 7 and a particular timeslot shall be
referred to by its timeslot number (TN).
4.3.3 TDMA frame number
TDMA frames shall be numbered by a frame number (FN). The frame number shall be cyclic and shall
have a range of 0 to FN_MAX where FN_MAX = (26 x 51 x 2048) -1 = 2715647 as defined in GSM 05.10.
The frame number shall be incremented at the end of each TDMA frame.
The complete cycle of TDMA frame numbers from 0 to FN_MAX is defined as a hyperframe. A
hyperframe consists of 2048 superframes where a superframe is defined as 26 x 51 TDMA frames. A 26
TDMA frame multiframe is used to support traffic and associated control channels and a 51 TDMA frame
multiframe is used to support broadcast, common control and stand alone dedicated control (and their
associated control) channels. Hence a superframe may be considered as 51 traffic/associated control
multiframes or 26 broadcast/common control multiframes.
The need for a hyperframe of a substantially longer period than a superframe arises from the
requirements of the encryption process which uses FN as an input parameter.
5. Physical channels
5.1 General
A physical channel uses a combination of frequency and time division multiplexing and is defined as a
sequence of radio frequency channels and time slots. The complete definition of a particular physical
channel consists of a description in the frequency domain, and a description in the time domain.
The description in the frequency domain is addressed in section 5.4, the description in the time domain is
addressed in section 5.5.
5.2 Bursts
5.2.1 General
A burst is a period of R.F. carrier which is modulated by a data stream. A burst therefore represents the
physical content of a timeslot.

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5.2.2 Types of burst and burst timing
A timeslot is divided into 156.25 bit periods. A particular bit period within a timeslot is referenced by a bit
number (BN), with the first bit period being numbered 0, and the last (1/4) bit period being numbered 156.
In the sections following the transmission timing of a burst within a timeslot is defined in terms of bit
number. The bit with the lowest bit number is transmitted first.
Different types of burst exist in the system. One characteristic of a burst is its useful duration. This
document, in the sections following, defines four full bursts of 147 bits useful duration, and one short burst
of 87 bits useful duration. The useful part of a burst is defined as beginning from half way through bit
number 0. The definition of the useful part of a burst needs to be considered in conjunction with the
requirements placed on the phase and amplitude characteristics of a burst as specified in GSM 05.04 and
05.05.
The period between bursts appearing in successive timeslots is termed the guard period. Section 5.2.8
details constraints which relate to the guard period.
5.2.3 Normal burst (NB)
Bit Number Length Contents Definition
(BN) of field of field
0 - 2 3 tail bits (below)
3 - 60 58 encrypted bits (e0 . e57) 05.03
61 - 86 26 training sequence bits (below)
87 - 144 58 encrypted bits (e58 . e115) 05.03
145 - 147 3 tail bits (below)
(148 - 156 8,25 guard period (bits) section 5.2.8)
- where the 'tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN0, BN1, BN2) = (0, 0, 0) and
(BN145, BN146, BN147) = (0, 0, 0)
- where the 'training sequence bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as given in the following
table according to the training sequence code, TSC. For broadcast and common control channels,
the TSC must be equal to the BCC, as defined in GSM 03.03 and as described in this technical
specification in section 3.3.2.
Training Training sequence bits
Sequence (BN61, BN62 . BN86)
Code (TSC)
0 (0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1)
1 (0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1)
2 (0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0)
3 (0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0)
4 (0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1)
5 (0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0)
6 (1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1)
7 (1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0)
Under certain circumstances (e.g. DTX operation) only half of the encrypted bits present in a normal burst
will contain useful information. In such cases the binary state of the remaining bits is not specified.

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
5.2.4 Frequency correction burst (FB)
Bit Number length Contents Definition
(BN) of field of field
0 - 2 3 tail bits (below)
3 - 144 142 fixed bits (below)
145 - 147 3 tail bits (below)
(148 - 156 8,25 guard period (bits) section 5.2.8)
- where the 'tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN0, BN1, BN2) = (0, 0, 0) and
(BN145, BN146, BN147) = (0, 0, 0)
- where the 'fixed bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN3, BN4 . BN144)   = (0, 0 . 0)
NOTE: This burst is equivalent to unmodulated carrier with a +1625/24 kHz frequency offset,
above the nominal carrier frequency.
5.2.5 Synchronization burst (SB)
Bit Number Length Contents Definition
(BN) of field of field
0 - 2 3 tail bits (below)
3 - 41 39 encrypted bits (e0 . e38) 05.03
42 - 105 64 extended training sequence bits (below)
106 - 144 39 encrypted bits (e39 . e77) 05.03
145 - 147 3 tail bits (below)
(148 - 156 8,25 guard period (bits) section 5.2.8)
- where the 'tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN0, BN1, BN2) = (0, 0, 0) and
(BN145, BN146, BN147) = (0, 0, 0)
- where the 'extended training sequence bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN42, BN43 . BN105) = (1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1)

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
5.2.6 Dummy burst
Bit Number Length Contents Definition
(BN) of field of field
0 - 2 3 tail bits (below)
3 - 60 58 mixed bits (below)
61 - 86 26 training sequence bits (below)
87 - 144 58 mixed bits (below)
145 - 147 3 tail bits (below)
(148 - 156 8,25 guard period (bits) section 5.2.8)
- where the 'tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN0, BN1, BN2) = (0, 0, 0) and
(BN145, BN146, BN147) = (0, 0, 0)
- where the 'training sequence bits' ( BN61, BN62 . BN86), are defined as modulating bits with
states as given in the table of section 5.2.3, according to the training sequence code.
- where the 'mixed bits' are defined as modulating bits with states as follows:
(BN3, BN4 . BN60) = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1,
0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0)
(BN87, BN88 . BN144) = (0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1,
1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0)
5.2.7 Access burst (AB)
Bit Number Length Contents Definition
(BN) of field of field
0 - 7 8 extended tail bits (below)
8 - 48 41 synch. sequence bits (below)
49 - 84 36 encrypted bits (e0.e35) 05.03
85 - 87 3 tail bits (below)
(88 - 156 68,25 extended guard period (bits) section 5.2.8)
- where the 'extended tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with the following states:
(BN0, BN1, BN2 . BN7) = (0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0)
- where the 'tail bits' are defined as modulating bits with the following states:
(BN85, BN86, BN87)   = (0, 0, 0)
- where the 'sync. sequence bits' are defined as modulating bits with the following states:
(BN8, BN9 . BN48) = (0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0,
1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
5.2.8 Guard period
The guard period is provided because it is required for the MSs that transmission be attenuated for the
period between bursts with the necessary ramp up and down occurring during the guard periods as
defined in GSM 05.05. A base transceiver station is not required to have a capability to ramp down and up
between adjacent bursts, but is required to have a capability to ramp down and up for non-used time-slots,
as defined in GSM 05.05. In any case where the amplitude of transmission is ramped up and down, then
by applying an appropriate modulation bit stream interference to other RF channels can be minimized.

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ETS 300 574: September 1994 (GSM 05.02 version 4.4.2)
5.3 Physical channels and bursts
The descrip
...