SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
(Main)Unshaped refractory materials - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces (ISO 1927-5:2012)
Unshaped refractory materials - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces (ISO 1927-5:2012)
This part of ISO 1927 specifies methods for the preparation and treatment(curing, drying and firing) of test pieces from monolithic (unshaped) refractory materials. The methods are applicable to dense and insulating castables and to ramming materials with the four types of chemical composition defined in ISO 1927-1. The dimensions of the test pieces are specified and the preparation of the mixture, compaction methods, storage and post-treatment of the test pieces are described.
Ungeformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Herstellung und Behandlung von Probekörpern (ISO 1927-5:2012)
Dieser Teil dieser Internationalen Norm legt Verfahren für die Herstellung und Behandlung (Lagern, Trocknen und Brennen) von Probekörpern aus ungeformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen fest. Die Maße der Probekörper werden festgelegt. Die Verfahren gelten für dichte Feuerbetone, wärmedämmende Feuerbetone und Rammmassen mit den in
ISO 1927-1 festgelegten vier Arten der chemischen Zusammensetzung. Es werden die Probenmaße festgelegt, und die Herstellung der Mischung, die Verdichtungsverfahren und die Lagerung und Nachbehandlung der Proben werden beschrieben.
Produits réfractaires non façonnés - Partie 5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettes (ISO 1927-5:2012)
L'ISO 1927-5:2012 spécifie des méthodes de préparation et de traitement (cure, séchage et cuisson) d'éprouvettes de produits réfractaires monolithique (non façonnés).
Les méthodes s'appliquent aux bétons denses et isolants ainsi qu'aux matériaux moulables (mélanges plastiques et pisés) correspondant aux quatre types de composition chimique définies dans I'ISO 1927-1.
Les dimensions des éprouvettes sont spécifiées et la préparation du mélange, les méthodes de compactage, la conservation et le post-traitement des éprouvettes sont décrits.
Neoblikovani ognjevzdržni izdelki - 5. del: Priprava vzorcev za preskus (ISO 1927-5:2012)
Ta del standarda ISO 1927 določa metode za pripravo (razsoljevanje, sušenje in žganje) vzorcev iz monolitnih (neoblikovanih) ognjevzdržnih izdelkov. Te metode se uporabljajo za zgoščene in izolacijske betone ter za mašilne materiale s štirimi vrstami kemične sestave, opredeljenimi v standardu ISO 1927-1. Določene so mere vzorcev in opisani so priprava zmesi, metode stiskanja, skladiščenje in dodatna obdelava vzorcev.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
01-maj-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1402-5:2004
Neoblikovani ognjevzdržni izdelki - 5. del: Priprava vzorcev za preskus (ISO 1927-
5:2012)
Unshaped refractory materials - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces (ISO
1927-5:2012)
Ungeformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Herstellung und Behandlung von
Probekörpern (ISO 1927-5:2012)
Produits réfractaires non façonnés - Partie 5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettes
(ISO 1927-5:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 1927-5:2012
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 1927-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2012
ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 1402-5:2003
English Version
Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products - Part 5: Preparation
and treatment of test pieces (ISO 1927-5:2012)
Produits réfractaires monolithiques (non façonnés) - Partie Ungeformte (monolithische) feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5:
5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettes (ISO 1927- Herstellung und Behandlung von Probekörpern (ISO 1927-
5:2012) 5:2012)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 November 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 1927-5:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
EN ISO 1927-5:2012 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
EN ISO 1927-5:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 1927-5:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 "Refractories"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materials” the secretariat of
which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1402-5:2003.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 1927-5:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 1927-5:2012 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1927-5
First edition
2012-12-01
Monolithic (unshaped) refractory
products —
Part 5:
Preparation and treatment of test pieces
Produits réfractaires monolithiques (non façonnés) —
Partie 5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettes
Reference number
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Dimensions of test pieces . 1
4 Apparatus . 2
5 Preparation of castable test pieces . 6
5.1 Dense castables . 6
5.2 Insulating castables . 7
6 Preparation of test pieces from ramming materials, taphole clay and dry vibration mixes . 9
6.1 Ramming mixes . 9
6.2 Plastics .10
6.3 Taphole clay materials . 11
6.4 Dry vibrating mixes . 11
7 Treatment of test pieces .12
7.1 Castables .12
7.2 Ramming mixes and plastics .13
8 Firing .14
8.1 Castables .14
8.2 Ramming mixes and plastics .15
9 Test report .17
Bibliography .18
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 1927-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33, Refractories.
ISO 1927 consists of the following parts, under the general title Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products:
— Part 1: Introduction and classification
— Part 2: Sampling for testing
— Part 3: Characterization as received
— Part 4: Determination of consistency of castables
— Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces
— Part 6: Measurement of physical properties
— Part 7: Tests on pre-formed shapes
— Part 8: Determination of complementary properties
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Introduction
The values of the properties obtained using test pieces are used to assess the homogeneity of monolithic
(unshaped) materials. They are reference values which do not necessarily correspond with those obtained in
industrial applications. Other methods of test-piece preparation or treatment, which differ from those specified
by this part of ISO 1927, can lead to different values.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products —
Part 5:
Preparation and treatment of test pieces
1 Scope
This part of ISO 1927 specifies methods for the preparation and treatment (curing, drying and firing) of test
pieces from monolithic (unshaped) refractory materials.
The methods are applicable to dense and insulating castables and to ramming materials with the four types of
chemical composition defined in ISO 1927-1.
The dimensions of the test pieces are specified and the preparation of the mixture, compaction methods,
storage and post-treatment of the test pieces are described.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1927-1, Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products — Part 1: Introduction and classification
ISO 1927-2, Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products — Part 2: Sampling for testing
ISO 1927-4, Monolithic (unshaped) refractory products — Part 4: Determination of consistency of castables
ISO 10060, Dense shaped refractory products — Test methods for products containing carbon
3 Dimensions of test pieces
Shape A: Length: 230 mm; width: 114 mm; thickness: 64 mm;
Shape B: Length: 230 mm; width: 64 mm; thickness: 54 mm;
Shape C: Length: 230 mm; width: 64 mm; thickness: 64 mm;
Shape D: Length: 160 mm; width: 40 mm; thickness: 40 mm.
The width of the test piece as tested shall correspond to the height during preparation. The vibration of the test
piece during preparation shall be recorded, and for shapes C and D the compaction surface shall be marked
for reference. The selection of test pieces for each type of material shall be as given in Table 1, except that for
basic dense castables, ramming materials, taphole mixes and dry vibration mixes, test pieces with a diameter
of 50 mm and height of 50 mm ± 1 mm are permissible and can be prepared using the sand-rammer. Shape C
shall be used as the referee shape for inter laboratory testing.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Table 1 — Type of shape for tests
Castables Dense Max grain Shape Shape A
castables size B or C or D
Direct X
<15 mm
b
characterization
Other tests X
a
Max grain Direct X
b
size characterization
Other tests X
>15 mm
Insulating castables X
Ramming Ramming mixes X
materials
Plastics X
a
For these materials, shapes B and C are prepared by cutting from shape A.
b
Tests for which results are directly obtained from the bars without size modifications are modulus of rupture, cold compressive
strength, and permanent change in dimensions on heating.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Separator. A riffle sampler, suitable for use with the maximum particle size of the product, or a shovel for
the quartering method. The riffle separation shall be at least 2,5 times the maximum grain size.
4.2 Mixer, comprising the following.
4.2.1 Pan. The pan shall be symmetrical around axis A and shall have a capacity of 15 l to 30 l. Both the pan
and the mixing blade (see 4.2.2) shall be constructed from a material that does not react with the test material
(see Figure 1).
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
A
B
1
2
3
Key
1 Drive
2 Pan
3 Mixing blade
Figure 1 — Principle of the mixer
4.2.2 Mixing blade. The shape of the mixing blade shall be adapted to the internal dimensions of the pan. The
radius swept shall be such that the distance between the blade and the wall of the pan and the space between
the blade and the bottom of the pan are at least as large as the maximum grain size of the material. For products
with a maximum grain size of 6 mm or less, the distance between the blade and the wall shall be 6 mm. For
products with larger grain sizes (up to 25 mm), the blade is used in a manner such that the distance to the wall
of the pan is 25 mm.
The mixing blade shall revolve at a speed between 40 r/min and 65 r/min around axis A (the symmetry axis of
the mixing pan), the blade rotating simultaneously in the opposite direction at a speed between 120 r/min and
145 r/min around axis B (symmetry axis of the blade).
For low-intensity mechanical mixing of insulating castables the mixing blade shall revolve at a speed between
15 r/min and 25 r/min around axis A (the symmetry axis of the mixing pan), the blade rotating simultaneously
in the opposite direction at a speed between 50 r/min and 80 r/min around axis B (symmetry axis of the blade).
4.3 Vibrating table. The vibrating table shall be flat and horizontal and shall perform only uniaxial vertical
vibrations at a frequency of 50 Hz. The table shall be capable of being set at a double amplitude of 0,50 mm (see
ISO 1927-1) with an accuracy of ± 0,05 mm for the entire procedure. There shall be an automatic adjustment to
the required double amplitude according to the mass of the mould and material.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
4.4 Pneumatic rammer. A compressed-air rammer shall have a rammer foot suitable for the width of the
mould and have a smooth, flat working surface, i.e. 52 mm × 25 mm for shape B and 62 mm × 25 mm for shape C.
The mass of the rammer and the frequency of ramming shall be chosen in order to obtain a prescribed green
bulk density, which shall be reported in the test report.
4.5 Sand-rammer, consisting of a mould of 50 mm inside diameter, and 140 mm in length, and a 6,67 kg
± 50 g weight sliding on the shaft of the apparatus and arranged to fall a distance of 50 mm before engaging
a collar attached to the shaft. At the lower end of the shaft there is a plunger, the diameter of which is about
0,3 mm smaller than the inside diameter of the mould (see Figures 2 and 3).
NOTE A more detailed description of this piece of apparatus is given in ISO 1927-3.
Figure 2 — Sand-rammer for shaping ramming mixes test pieces
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Figure 3 — Modification of sand-rammer for workability test
4.6 Hydraulic-type power press, equipped with suitable moulds for forming test pieces of the required size.
The press shall be capable of applying a minimum of 10 MPa pressure to the moulded face.
NOTE The power press should only be used for shaping test pieces from plastics.
4.7 Trowel, pointing type or stiff-bladed spatula of typical size 150 mm length and 50 mm width.
4.8 Watertight moulds, capable of being dismantled and shall be watertight. They shall be made from a
material that does not react with the material to be tested.
For compaction by the pneumatic rammer, the moulds shall be rigid so that they do not warp during ramming.
NOTE 1 Steel or similar material is recommended to withstand the stroke of the rammer.
The internal measurements of the moulds are determined by the dimensions of the test pieces. The surfaces
230 mm × 64 mm (shapes A and C) and 230 mm × 54 mm (shape B) are the horizontal surfaces during the
compaction process. A variation of ± 0,5 mm is allowed for these dimensions. If multi-compartment moulds are
used, the size of the mould shall be adapted for the number of test pieces prepared and this shall be indicated
in the test report.
In order to overfill the mould, an overfill ring is required for all unshaped materials. This ring shall taper slightly
upwards. For castables, it can at the same time serve as a clamp to the vibrating table. The mould, the overfill
ring and the clamp shall have sufficient rigidity to ensure that only the induced vibrations and the required
frequency and amplitude will occur.
NOTE 2 It is recommended that all internal surfaces of the mould are slightly oiled.
4.9 Two balances, one capable of weighing up to 25 kg with an accuracy of ± 10 g and the other capable of
weighing up to 5 kg with an accuracy of ± 1 g.
4.10 Steel lath, of typical size 500 mm × 30 mm × 5 mm for scraping off overfill after casting.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
4.11 Humidity cabinet, capable of maintaining a relative humidity of 90 % or greater, and of controlling the
temperature between 18 °C and 22 °C.
4.12 Drying oven, fan-assisted and having openings to enable efficient ventilation.
4.13 Firing furnace. Electric or gas-fired furnace for firing test pieces with a temperature distribution over the
hot zone of ± 10 °C. The heating rate shall be programmable.
Electric firing shall be used as the referee method.
4.14 Stopwatch or stopclock.
4.15 Thermometer.
4.16 Silicon carbide box, with cover, with dimensions such that it is capable of containing 2 or 4 test pieces
(shape B or C) with approximately 20 mm spaces between the test pieces, and the test pieces, sides, top and
bottom of the box. The box is filled with granules, 0,5 mm to 2 mm in size.
NOTE The wall thickness should be as thin as possible and the thermal conductivity as high as possible to minimize
the temperature gradient.
4.17 Water. Pure mains water of drinking quality.
5 Preparation of castable test pieces
5.1 Dense castables
5.1.1 Preparation of the material for shaping
Reduce the amount of material to the required quantity with the riffle sampler or the shovel (see 4.1) in order to obtain
the desired batch size for testing and thoroughly mix before use. The batch size depends on the number of test
pieces to be prepared. The number of test pieces to be prepared shall be chosen in accordance with ISO 1927-2.
In cases where several components are supplied separately, mix each material first carefully by itself, then mix
all carefully together. Before shaping the test pieces, maintain the material at a temperature between 18 °C
and 22 °C for 24 h.
Water or a special mixing liquid (necessary for the mix and supplied by the manufacturer) can be used for
mixing. When water is used, pure mains water with a maximum degree of hardness of 30° is used, and its
temperature maintained between 18 °C and 22 °C.
Determine the amount of liquid either by a consistency test in accordance with ISO 1927-4, or use the amount
stipulated by the manufacturer. Pour the amount of the dry material required into the mixer and mix for 30 s
for homogenization. Add the liquid with an accuracy of 0,1 g per 100 g of dry substance. After having made
a crater in the centre of the material, pour the liquid progressively into the crater and start the mixer. Add the
remaining liquid in less than 1 min. Note the relation, E, between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry
material (in ml/g).
Mix the batch for 2 min in the case of regular castables and for 4 min in the case of defloculated castables. If
necessary, switch the mixer off after half the mixing time, in order to scrape off the adhering material at the
edges of the mixer.
NOTE 1 The wet mixing time should not be less than 2 min nor exceed 8 min, depending on the product type or the time
recommended by the manufacturer.
NOTE 2 Generally, deflocculated castables require a longer mixing time than regular castables, and a minimum of
4 min can be expected
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
Record the temperature of the batch before shaping.
5.1.2 Shaping of test pieces
5.1.2.1 Compaction by vibration
The mix prepared in accordance with the instructions in 5.1.1 is compacted by vibration. The total time for the
preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 12 min.
Fill the mould fitted with its overfill ring, vibrate the mix according to the time and as indicated in Table 2. During the
initial vibration, add material to the mould so that the level of material fills the overfill ring at completion of vibration.
Table 2 — Time and double amplitude for compaction by vibration
Material Type of castable Total time of Double amplitude
vibration
mm
min
Alumino-silicate and special Regular 1 0,50
dense castables
a
Defloculated + 5 max. 0,50
chemically bonded
b a
Basic dense castables 4 0,50
Carbon containing dense Regular 1 0,50
castables
a
Defloculated + 5 max. 0,50
chemically bonded
a
Alternative double amplitudes for these materials can be used by agreement between parties and are reported.
b
For basic dense castables, the sand-rammer can also be used for preparing test pieces (see 6.1.2.2).
Check the double amplitude of the vibration table during the compaction process and correct if necessary.
Remove the overfill ring and level the surface of the material in the mould with the steel lath (see 4.10). Remove
the mould from the vibrating table.
5.1.2.2 Compaction by self-flowing
The mix prepared according to the instructions described in 5.1.1 is compacted by free de-airing. The total time
for the preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min.
Fill the mould, without its overfill ring, with a moderate speed so as to obtain an accurate levelling between the
top of the mould and the product. Let it lie without any movement until set, leaving the mould at the same place
in the humidity cabinet (see 4.11) or airtight plastic bag in the curing room (see 7.1.1).
5.2 Insulating castables
5.2.1 Preparation of the material for shaping
5.2.1.1 General
Reduce the amount of the material for shaping with the riffle sampler or the shovel (see 4.1) in order to obtain
the desired batch size for testing and thoroughly mix before use. The batch size depends on the number of test
pieces to be prepared. The number of test pieces to be prepared shall be chosen in accordance with ISO 1927-2.
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SIST EN ISO 1927-5:2013
ISO 1927-5:2012(E)
In cases where several components are supplied separately, mix each material first carefully by itself, then
mix all carefully together. Before the shaping of test pieces, maintain the material for testing at a temperature
between 18 °C and 22 °C for 24 h.
Water or a special mixing liquid (necessary for the mix and supplied by the manufacturer) can be used for
mixing. When water is used, pure mains water with a maximum degree of hardness of 30° is to be used, and
its temperature shall be maintained between 18 °C and 22 °C.
Determine the amount of liquid by a consistency test in accordance with ISO 1927-4 when the castable is
shaped by vibration. When the castable is shaped by rodding, use the amount of liquid recommended by the
supplier. Add the liquid with an accuracy of 0,2 g of water per 100 g of dry substance.
Pour the amount of dry material required either into a trough or into the low-intensity mixer bowl (see 4.2) and
mix for 30 s for homogenization. Make a crater in the centre of the material and proceed in accordance with
either 5.2.1.2 or 5.2.1.3. The method of shaping (i.e. rodding or vibration) shall be defined in agreement with the
recommendations of the supplier and in accordance with the consistency test (see ISO 1927-4).
5.2.1.2 Manual mixing (for compaction by rodding or vibration)
Pour the mixing water progressively into the crater and start the manual mixing immediately. Note the relation,
E, between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry material (in ml/g).
The total time of manual mixing is 5 min.
NOTE Manual mixing is recommended for lightweight aggregates.
5.2.1.3 Mechanical mixing (for compaction by rodding or vibration)
Pour the mixing water progressively into the crater and start the mixer immediately.
Note the relation, E, between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry material (in ml/g).
Mix the batch for between 2 min and 6 min, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. If necessary, switch
off the mixer after 2 min mixing time, in order to scrape off the adhering material at the edges of the mixer.
5.2.2 Shaping of test pieces
5.2.2.1 Compaction by rodding
The mix prepared according to the instructions described in 5.2.1.1 and 5.2.1.2 or 5.2.1.3 is compacted by
rodding. The total time for the preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min.
The consistency of the fresh castable shall be such that no pressure is needed for deformation, but not be so
fluid that segregation can occur.
Weigh the empty mould and record the mass as P and note its nominal volume V . Fill the mould with its
1 m
overfill ring and carry out the rodding action on the surface with a trowel, down to the bottom of the mould.
Move the trowel uniformly in the mould, the spatula forming an angle of 45° with the sidewall of the mould.
Fill the mould with its overfill ring again and carry out the same operation. After moulding, remove the overfill
ring and level the surface of the material in the mould with the steel lath (see 4.10). Smooth the surface without
adding any more water.
Weigh the mould (P ).
2
5.2.2.2 Compaction by vibration
The mix prepared according to the instructions described in 5.2.1.1 and 5.2.1.2 or 5.2.1.3 is compacted by
vibration. The total time for the preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min.
Weigh the empty mould and record the mass as P and note its nominal volume V . Fix the mould on the
1 m
vibrating table and fill it
...
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