SIST EN 62508:2010
Guidance on human aspects of dependability (IEC 62508:2010)
Guidance on human aspects of dependability (IEC 62508:2010)
This International Standard provides guidance on the human aspects of dependability, and the human-centred design methods and practices that can be used throughout the whole system life cycle to improve dependability performance. This standard describes qualitative approaches. Examples of quantitative methods are given in Annex A. This International Standard is applicable to any area of industry where human/machine relationships exist, and is intended for use by technical personnel and their managers. This International standard is not intended to be used for certification, regulatory or contractual use.
Leitlinien zu den menschlichen Aspekten der Zuverlässigkeit (IEC 62508:2010)
Lignes directrices relatives aux facteurs humains dans la sûreté de fonctionnement (CEI 62508:2010)
La CEI 62508:2010 fournit des lignes directrices relatives aux facteurs humains dans la sûreté de fonctionnement, ainsi que des méthodes et pratiques de conception centrées sur l'intervention de l'homme et qui peuvent être utilisées tout au long du cycle de vie du système afin d'améliorer les performances de sûreté de fonctionnement. La présente norme décrit des approches qualitatives.
Napotki o človeških vidikih zagotovljivosti (IEC 62508:2010)
Ta mednarodni standard zagotavlja napotke o človeških vidikih zagotovljivosti in na človeka osredotočenih metodah načrtovanja in praks, ki so lahko uporabljene v celotnem življenjskem krogu sistema za izboljšanje zagotovljivosti. Ta standard opisuje kvalitativne pristope. Primeri kvantitativnih metod so podani v Dodatku A. Ta mednarodni standard velja za vsa področja industrije, kjer obstaja razmerje človek-stroj in ga uporablja tehnično osebje in njegovi nadrejeni. Ta mednarodni standard ni namenjen certificiranju, regulativni ali pogodbeni uporabi.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62508:2010
01-december-2010
1DSRWNLRþORYHãNLKYLGLNLK]DJRWRYOMLYRVWL ,(&
Guidance on human aspects of dependability (IEC 62508:2010)
Leitlinien zu den menschlichen Aspekten der Zuverlässigkeit (IEC 62508:2010)
Lignes directrices relatives aux facteurs humains dans la sûreté de fonctionnement (CEI
62508:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62508:2010
ICS:
03.120.01 Kakovost na splošno Quality in general
SIST EN 62508:2010 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 62508:2010
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SIST EN 62508:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62508
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2010
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 03.120.01
English version
Guidance on human aspects of dependability
(IEC 62508:2010)
Lignes directrices relatives aux facteurs Leitlinien zu den menschlichen Aspekten
humains dans la sûreté de fonctionnement der Zuverlässigkeit
(CEI 62508:2010) (IEC 62508:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62508:2010 E
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SIST EN 62508:2010
EN 62508:2010 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 56/1365/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62508, prepared by IEC TC 56,
Dependability, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 62508 on 2010-10-01.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
(dop) 2011-07-01
national standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
(dow) 2013-10-01
with the EN have to be withdrawn
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62508:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60812:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60812:2006 (not modified).
ISO 6385:2004 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 6385:2004 (not modified).
ISO 9000:2005 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9000:2005 (not modified).
ISO 9241-1:1997 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-1:1997 (not modified).
ISO 9241-2:1992 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-2:1993 (not modified).
ISO 9241-3:1992 NOTE Harmonized as EN 29241-3:1993 (not modified).
ISO 9241-4:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-4:1998 (not modified).
ISO 9241-5:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-5:1999 (not modified).
ISO 9241-6:1999 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-6:1999 (not modified).
ISO 9241-7:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-7:1998 (not modified).
ISO 9241-8:1997 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-8:1997 (not modified).
ISO 9241-9:2000 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-9:2000 (not modified).
ISO 9241-11:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-11:1998 (not modified).
ISO 9241-12:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-12:1998 (not modified).
ISO 9241-13:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-13:1998 (not modified).
ISO 9241-15:1997 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-15:1997 (not modified).
ISO 9241-16:1999 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-16:1999 (not modified).
ISO 9241-17:1998 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-17:1998 (not modified).
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ISO 9241-20:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-20:2009 (not modified).
ISO 9241-110:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-110:2006 (not modified).
ISO 9241-151:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-151:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-171:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-171:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-210:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-210:2010 (not modified).
ISO 9241-300:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-300:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-302:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-302:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-303:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-303:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-304:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-304:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-305:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-305:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-306:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-306:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-307:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-307:2008 (not modified).
ISO 9241-400:2007 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-400:2007 (not modified).
ISO 9241-410:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9241-410:2008 (not modified).
ISO 11064-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-1.
ISO 11064-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-2.
ISO 11064-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-3.
ISO 11064-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-4.
ISO 11064-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-5.
ISO 11064-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-6.
ISO 11064-7 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 11064-7.
__________
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SIST EN 62508:2010
EN 62508:2010 - 4 -
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60300-1 2003 Dependability management - EN 60300-1 2003
Part 1: Dependability management systems
IEC 60300-2 - Dependability management - EN 60300-2 -
Part 2: Guidelines for dependability
management
IEC 60300-3-15 - Dependability management - EN 60300-3-15 -
Part 3-15: Application guide - Engineering of
system dependability
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SIST EN 62508:2010
IEC 62508
®
Edition 1.0 2010-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Guidance on human aspects of dependability
Lignes directrices relatives aux facteurs humains dans la sûreté de
fonctionnement
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XA
CODE PRIX
ICS 03.120.01 ISBN 978-2-88912-023-9
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 62508:2010
– 2 – 62508 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations .7
3.1 Terms and definitions .7
3.2 Abbreviations .10
4 Human aspects.10
4.1 Overview .10
4.2 Components of the system and their interactions.11
4.2.1 Introductory remark .11
4.2.2 Goals.11
4.2.3 Humans.12
4.2.4 Machine (interactive system) .12
4.2.5 Social and physical environment.13
4.2.6 Output .13
4.2.7 Feedback from the machine to the person .13
4.3 Human characteristics .14
4.3.1 Introductory remark .14
4.3.2 Human limitations.14
4.3.3 Comparison of humans and machines .14
4.4 Human performance shaping factors .15
4.4.1 External performance shaping factors.16
4.4.2 Internal performance shaping factors.16
4.5 Human reliability analysis (HRA) .16
4.5.1 Overview .16
4.5.2 Identifying the potential for human error .17
4.5.3 Analysing human failures to define countermeasures .17
4.5.4 Quantification of human reliability.18
4.6 Critical systems.18
4.7 Human-centred design guidelines.19
4.8 Human-centred design process .20
4.8.1 Human-centred design principles within the design process .20
4.8.2 Human-centred design activities .21
5 Human-oriented design in the system lifecycle .21
5.1 Overview .21
5.2 The system life cycle .22
5.3 Integrating human-oriented design in systems engineering.23
6 Human-oriented design at each life cycle stage .24
6.1 Overview .24
6.2 Concept/definition stage.24
6.2.1 Concept.24
6.2.2 Human-centred design planning .24
6.2.3 Understanding needs.25
6.2.4 System requirements.25
6.2.5 Human-centred design requirements .25
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62508 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
6.3 Design/development.26
6.4 Realization/implementation.26
6.5 Operation/maintenance .27
6.6 Enhancement .27
6.7 Retirement/decommission .28
6.8 Outsourcing projects and related human-centred design issues.28
7 Human-centred design methods .29
7.1 Classification of human-centred design activities.29
7.2 Applications of human-centred design methods.30
Annex A (informative) Examples of HRA methods.31
Annex B (informative) Summary of human-oriented design activities and their impact
on system dependability .37
Annex C (informative) Best practices for human-centred design.41
Bibliography.47
Figure 1 – Components of the system and their interactions .11
Figure 2 – Human performance shaping factors .16
Figure 3 – Simple model of human information processing.17
Figure 4 – Human-centred design activities .21
Figure 5 – Human aspects of the system life cycle.23
Table 1 – People who influence dependability.12
Table A.1 – HRA methods and their application .31
Table B.1 – Automation .37
Table B.2 – Design for maintainability.37
Table B.3 – Computer-human interface.38
Table B.4 – Incorporation of displays, controls and alarm functions .39
Table B.5 – Incorporation of input devices .39
Table B.6 – Environment.40
Table B.7 – Safety .40
Table B.8 – Security .40
Table C.1 – Examples of methods and techniques that contribute to best practices .41
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SIST EN 62508:2010
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
GUIDANCE ON HUMAN ASPECTS OF DEPENDABILITY
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62508 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56:
Dependability.
This first edition cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 62508 published in 2007.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
56/1365/FDIS 56/1373/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
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SIST EN 62508:2010
62508 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
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SIST EN 62508:2010
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INTRODUCTION
This International Standard provides guidelines on human aspects of dependability of
systems. It fills the need for a standard to address the dependability of human/machine
systems.
It gives guidance on how the human aspects of dependability can be considered at all the
system life cycle stages, including ergonomic principles during design and human reliability
understanding for system applications.
This standard provides an overview of the principles with some examples of the types of
methods that can be used.
It is intended that a supporting standard, which describes more detailed methods that include
quantification of human reliability will follow the issue of this standard in due course.
This standard contains recommendations, and does not include any requirements. Attention is
drawn to the possibility of the existence of regulatory requirements for systems covered by
the scope of this standard.
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SIST EN 62508:2010
62508 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
GUIDANCE ON HUMAN ASPECTS OF DEPENDABILITY
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidance on the human aspects of dependability, and
the human-centred design methods and practices that can be used throughout the whole
system life cycle to improve dependability performance. This standard describes qualitative
approaches. Examples of quantitative methods are given in Annex A.
This International Standard is applicable to any area of industry where human/machine
relationships exist, and is intended for use by technical personnel and their managers.
This International standard is not intended to be used for certification, regulatory or
contractual use.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60300-1:2003, Dependability management – Part 1: Dependability management
systems
IEC 60300-2, Dependability management – Part 2: Guidelines for dependability management
IEC 60300-3-15, Dependability management – Part 3-15: Application guide – Engineering of
system dependability
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply.
NOTE Certain terms have been taken from the draft text of the second edition of IEC 60050-191, International
Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 191: Dependability, currently under consideration.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
dependability
1
ability to perform as and when required
NOTE 1 Dependability characteristics include availability and its inherent or external influencing factors, such as
reliability, fault tolerance, recoverability, integrity, security, maintainability, durability and maintenance support.
NOTE 2 Dependability is also used descriptively as an umbrella term for time-related quality characteristics of a
product or service, and it can also be expressed as a grade, degree, confidence or probability of fulfilling a defined
set of characteristics.
NOTE 3 Specifications for dependability characteristics typically include: the function the product is to perform;
the time for which that performance is to be sustained; and the conditions of storage, use and maintenance.
Requirements for safety, efficiency and economy throughout the life cycle can also be included.
___________
1
Future IEC 60050-191, definition 191-41-26, second edition, under consideration.
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3.1.2
ergonomics
human factors
HF
scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among human and other
elements of a system that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to
optimize human well-being and overall system performance
[ISO 6385:2004, definition 2.3, modified]
3.1.3
error resistance
ability of a system to minimize the probability of human error occurring
3.1.4
error tolerance
ability of a system or component to continue normal operation despite the presence of
erroneous inputs
[ISO/IEC 24765:2009, definition 3.1034]
3.1.5
human aspects
abilities, limitations, and other human characteristics that are relevant to the design, operation
and maintenance of systems and/or their components affecting overall system performance
3.1.6
human-centred design
approach to system design and development that aims to make interactive systems more
usable by focussing on the use of the system, applying human factors, ergonomics and
usability knowledge and techniques
NOTE 1 Usable systems provide a number of benefits including improved productivity, enhanced user well-being,
avoidance of stress, increased accessibility, and reduced risk of harm.
NOTE 2 This standard uses the term "human-oriented design" to refer to the need to take account of humans in
system design, but retains the term "human-centred design" used in ISO standards to refer to the specific
principles and activities.
NOTE 3 The term “human-centred design” is used rather than “user-centred design” in order to emphasize that this
standard addresses a number of stakeholders, not just those typically considered as users. However, in practice,
these terms are often used synonymously.
2
[ISO 9241-210:–, definition 2.7, modified]
3.1.7
human error
3
discrepancy between the human action taken or omitted, and the action intended
3.1.8
human error probability
HEP
probability that an operator will fail in an assigned task
NOTE 1 This can be based on the ratio of the average number of errors within a certain task in relation to the
overall number of error possibilities for this type of task.
___________
2
To be published.
3
Future IEC 60050-191, definition 191-43-13, second edition, under consideration.
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62508 © IEC:2010 – 9 –
NOTE 2 Human error probability is expressed in a distribution where the distribution needs to be determined in
accordance with the human variations and situational variations under which the task needs to be conducted.
3.1.9
human failure
deviation from the human action required to achieve the objective, regardless of the cause of
that deviation
NOTE For any particular system or situation the range of human failures is the combination of human errors and
violations that lead to system failures and/or hazardous outcomes.
3.1.10
human-oriented design
takes a user-centric approach to design by adapting technologies to meet human performance
requirements, account for human limitations, achieve mental comfort and enhance overall
system performance
3.1.11
human reliability
capability of human beings to complete a task under a given condition within a defined period
of time and within the acceptance limits
3.1.12
human reliability analysis
HRA
systematic process to evaluate human reliability
NOTE Evaluation methods can be just qualitative but can be expanded to provide quantitative results.
3.1.13
mistake
deficiency or failure in the judgemental or inferential process involved in selection of an
objective or in specification of the means to achieve it irrespective of whether or not the
actions run according to plan
3.1.14
performance shaping factors
characteristics of the external environment, of the task and of humans that shape individual
performance
3.1.15
requirement
need or expectation that is stated, generally implied or obligatory
[ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.1.2]
NOTE In the context of this standard, this is a need or expectation which should be met or possessed by a
system, system component, product, or service.
3.1.16
situational awareness
human perception of the elements in
...
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