Gaseous hydrogen - Cylinders and tubes for stationary storage

This International Standard specifies the requirements for design, manufacture and testing of cylinders, tubes, and other pressure vessels of steel, stainless steel, aluminium alloys or of non-metallic construction material intended for the stationary storage of gaseous hydrogen of up to a maximum water capacity of 10 000 l and a maximum allowable working pressure not exceeding 110 MPa, of seamless metallic construction (Type 1) or of composite construction (Types 2, 3 and 4) without any non-seamless load sharing metallic components, hereafter referred to as pressure vessels.
For Existing design already qualified for other applications (e.g. transportable applications) follow the requirements of Annex E.
This International Standard is not intended as a specification for pressure vessels used for solid, liquid hydrogen or hybrid cryogenic-high pressure hydrogen storage applications.

Gasförmiger Wasserstoff - Flaschen und Großflaschen zur ortsfesten Lagerung

Hydrogène gazeux - Bouteilles et tubes pour stockage stationnaire

Plinasti vodik - Jeklenke in velike jeklenke za stacionarno shranjevanje

General Information

Status
Published
Public Enquiry End Date
06-May-2018
Publication Date
29-Jul-2020
Technical Committee
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
27-Jul-2020
Due Date
01-Oct-2020
Completion Date
30-Jul-2020

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 17533:2020
01-september-2020
Plinasti vodik - Jeklenke in velike jeklenke za stacionarno shranjevanje
Gaseous hydrogen - Cylinders and tubes for stationary storage
Gasförmiger Wasserstoff - Flaschen und Großflaschen zur ortsfesten Lagerung
Hydrogène gazeux - Bouteilles et tubes pour stockage stationnaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17533:2020
ICS:
23.020.35 Plinske jeklenke Gas cylinders
71.100.20 Industrijski plini Gases for industrial
application
SIST EN 17533:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 17533:2020

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SIST EN 17533:2020


EN 17533
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

June 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.30; 71.100.20
English Version

Gaseous hydrogen - Cylinders and tubes for stationary
storage
Hydrogène gazeux - Bouteilles et tubes pour stockage Gasförmiger Wasserstoff - Flaschen und Großflaschen
stationnaire zur ortsfesten Lagerung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 August 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17533:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
Contents
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols .13
4 Specified service conditions .14
4.1 Maximum allowable working pressure .14
4.2 Maximum allowable energy content .14
4.3 Maximum and minimum allowable temperature .14
4.4 Pressure cycle life .14
4.5 Shallow pressure cycle life .14
4.6 Effective pressure cycle count and maximum number of pressure cycles
allowed in service .14
4.7 Service life .15
5 Additional service conditions .15
5.1 Environmental conditions .15
5.2 Fire conditions .15
6 Information to be recorded .16
6.1 General .16
6.2 Statement of service .16
6.3 Design drawings and information .17
6.4 Stress analysis report .17
6.5 Material property data .17
6.6 Manufacturing data .18
6.7 Retention of records .18
7 Material properties .18
7.1 Compatibility .18
7.2 Steel .18
7.3 Stainless steels .18
7.4 Aluminium alloys .18
7.5 Fibre material .18
7.6 Resins .19
7.7 Plastic liner material .19
8 Requirements for new designs .19
8.1 General considerations .19
8.2 Construction and workmanship .22
8.3 Qualification of new designs .24
8.4 Production and batch tests .34
8.5 Markings .38
8.6 Preparation for dispatch .39
9 Requirements for existing design standards .40
Annex A (normative) Test methods and acceptance criteria .41
A.1 Hydrogen compatibility tests .41
2

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
A.2 Hydrogen sensitivity tests .41
A.3 Tensile properties of plastics .44
A.4 Softening temperature of plastics .44
A.5 Resin properties tests .44
A.6 Hydrostatic burst pressure test .44
A.7 Ambient temperature pressure cycling for cycle life definition .45
A.8 Leak-before-break (LBB) test .46
A.9 Bonfire test.46
A.10 High strain impact test.47
A.11 Accelerated stress rupture test .47
A.12 Extreme temperature pressure cycling .47
A.13 Permeation test .48
A.14 Boss torque test .48
A.15 Hydrogen gas cycling test .48
A.16 Hardness test .49
A.17 Hydraulic test .49
A.18 Leak test .49
A.19 Coating tests .49
A.20 Coating batch tests .50
A.21 Impact damage test .50
Annex B (normative) Use of existing and approved design standards for stationary
storage .52
B.1 General .52
B.2 Requirements .52
B.3 Marking .55
B.4 Certificate .55
B.5 Examples of calculation for MAWP .55
B.6 Cycle life calculation .56
Annex C (informative) Verification of stress ratios using strain gauges .57
Annex D (informative) Non-destructive examination (NDE) defect size by flawed
pressure vessel cycling .58
Annex E (informative) Manufacturer’s instructions for handling, use and inspection
of pressure vessels .59
E.1 General .59
E.2 Distribution .59
E.3 Reference to existing codes, standards and regulations .59
E.4 Pressure vessel handling .59
3

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
E.5 Installation .59
E.6 Use of pressure vessels .60
E.7 In-service inspection .60
Annex F (informative)  Fatigue life evaluation using Goodman diagrams .61
F.1 Purpose .61
F.2 Developing an S-N diagram .61
F.3 Equivalent pressure cycling .62
F.4 Developing a Goodman diagram .62
Annex G (informative) Optional bonfire test .66
G.1 General .66
G.2 Cylinder test.66
G.3 PRD test .67
G.4 Vent test .68
G.5 System assessment .68
G.6 Generation of a safety envelope and actual cylinder/PRD performance .68
Annex H (informative) Information on factor of safety .70
H.1 Purpose .70
H.2 Background .70
H.3 Recommended safety factor .70
H.4 Discussion .70
H.5 Conclusions .72
H.6 Recommendations .72
H.7 Further reading .72
Annex I (informative) Guidance for evaluation of pressure vessels designed
according to other standards .73
Bibliography .76

4

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 17533:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 23
“Transportable gas cylinders”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2020, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
5

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
Introduction
As the use of gaseous hydrogen evolves from the chemical industry into various emerging
applications, such as fuel for fuel cells, internal combustion engines and other speciality hydrogen
applications, new requirements are foreseen for seamless and composite pressure vessels,
including higher number of pressure cycles.
Requirements covering pressure vessels for stationary storage of compressed gaseous hydrogen
are listed in this document and are mainly intended to maintain or improve the level of safety for
this application.
6

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of standalone
or manifolded (for some specific tests such as bonfire) cylinders, tubes and other pressure vessels
of steel, stainless steel, aluminium alloys or of non-metallic construction material. These are
intended for the stationary storage of gaseous hydrogen of up to a maximum water capacity of
10 000 l and a maximum allowable working pressure not exceeding 110 MPa, of seamless metallic
construction (Type 1) or of composite construction (Types 2, 3 and 4), hereafter referred to as
pressure vessels.
This document is not applicable to Type 2 and 3 vessels with welded liners.
This document is not applicable to pressure vessels used for solid, liquid hydrogen or hybrid
cryogenic-high pressure hydrogen storage applications.
This document is not applicable to external piping which can be designed according to recognized
standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN ISO 306, Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat softening temperature
(VST)
EN ISO 527-2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding
and extrusion plastics
EN ISO 1519, Paints and varnishes — Bend test (cylindrical mandrel)
EN ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
EN ISO 2812-1, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to liquids — Part 1: Immersion
in liquids other than water
EN ISO 4624, Paints and varnishes — Pull-off test for adhesion
EN ISO 6272-2, Paints and varnishes — Rapid-deformation (impact resistance) tests — Part 2:
Falling-weight test, small-area indenter
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
EN ISO 7225, Gas cylinders — Precautionary labels
EN ISO 7866, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless aluminium alloy gas cylinders — Design,
construction and testing
EN ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
EN ISO 9809-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction
and testing — Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than
1 100 MPa
7

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
EN ISO 9809-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing — Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal
to 1 100 MPa
EN ISO 9809-3, Gas cylinders —Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing — Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders
ISO 9809-4, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing — Part 4: Stainless steel cylinders with an Rm value of less than 1 100 MPa
EN ISO 11114-1, Gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents —
Part 1: Metallic materials
EN ISO 11114-2, Gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents —
Part 2: Non-metallic materials
EN ISO 11114-4, Transportable gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with
gas contents — Part 4: Test methods for selecting steels resistant to hydrogen embrittlement
ISO 11119-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
ISO 11119-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
with load-sharing metal liners
ISO 11119-3, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L
with non-load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners
EN ISO 11120, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel tubes of water capacity between 150 l and
3000 l — Design, construction and testing
EN ISO 11357-2, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 2: Determination of
glass transition temperature
EN ISO 11439, Gas cylinders — High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage of natural gas as a
fuel for automotive vehicles
ISO 12108, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Fatigue crack growth method
EN ISO 14130, Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Determination of apparent interlaminar shear
strength by short-beam method
EN ISO 16474-1, Paints and varnishes — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 1:
General guidance
EN ISO 16474-3, Paints and varnishes — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 3:
Fluorescent UV lamps
EN 13322-2, Transportable gas cylinders — Refillable welded steel gas cylinders — Design and
construction — Part 2: Stainless steel
ASTM D3170/D3170M - 14, Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
8

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
ASTM E647, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1.1
autofrettage
pressure application procedure which strains the metal liner (3.1.13) past its yield point
sufficiently to cause permanent plastic deformation, resulting in the liner having compressive
stresses and the fibres having tensile stresses when at zero internal gauge pressure
3.1.2
autofrettage pressure
pressure within the overwrapped composite pressure vessel at which the required distribution
of stresses between the liner (3.1.13) and the composite overwrap (3.1.6) is established
3.1.3
batch of pressure vessels
batch of pressure liners
set of manufactured finished pressure vessels (3.1.10) or liners (3.1.13) subject to a manufacturing
quality pass/fail criterion based on the results of specified tests performed on a specified number
of units from that set
3.1.4
boss
dome shaped metallic component mounted on one end or on the two ends of a non-metallic liner
(3.1.13) with a neck providing an opening and/or an external element of mechanical support
3.1.5
burst pressure
highest pressure reached in a cylinder during a burst test
3.1.6
composite overwrap
combination of fibres (including steel wire) and matrix (3.1.15)
3.1.7
controlled tension winding
process used in manufacturing composite pressure vessels with metal liners (3.1.13) by which
compressive stresses in the liner and tensile stresses in the composite overwrap (3.1.6) at zero
internal pressure are obtained by winding the reinforcing fibres under controlled tension
9

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
3.1.8
cycle amplitude
ratio of pressure increase to maximum pressure in a pressure cycle (3.1.21)
Note 1 to entry: Cycle amplitude is expressed in %.
3.1.9
design change
change in the selection of structural materials or dimensional change exceeding the tolerances as
on the design drawings
3.1.10
finished pressure vessel
pressure vessel, which is ready for use, typical of normal production, complete with identification
marks and external coating including integral insulation specified by the manufacturer, but free
from non-integral insulation or protection
Note 1 to entry: In the framework of this document, a tube or a cylinder is a finished pressure vessel.
3.1.11
full cycle
cycle of pressure amplitude between the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) (3.1.17)
and 10 % of the MAWP
3.1.12
leakage
release of hydrogen through a crack, pore, or similar defect
Note 1 to entry: Permeation through the wall of a Type 4 pressure vessel that is less than the rates described
in A.13 is not considered a leakage.
3.1.13
liner
inner portion of the composite cylinder, comprising a metallic or non-metallic vessel, whose
purpose is both to contain the gas and transmit the gas pressure to the fibres
3.1.14
load-sharing liner
liner (3.1.13) that has a burst pressure (3.1.5) of at least 5 % of the minimum burst pressure of the
finished composite cylinder
3.1.15
matrix
material that is used to bind and hold the fibres in place
3.1.16
maximum allowable temperature
maximum temperature of any part of the pressure vessel for which it is designed (or intended to
be used if Annex B is followed)
10

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SIST EN 17533:2020
EN 17533:2020 (E)
3.1.17
maximum allowable working pressure
MAWP
design pressure
maximum pressure to which the component is designed to be subjected to and which is the basis
for determining the strength of the component under consideration
3.1.18
minimum allowable temperature
minimum temperature of any part of the pressure vessel for which it is designed (or intended to
be used if Annex B is followed)
3.1.19
operator
entity legally responsible for the use and maintenance of the vessel
3.1.20
pressure-activated pressure relief device
pressure-activated PRD
device designed to release pressure in order to prevent a rise in pressure above a specified value
due to emergency or abnormal conditions
Note 1 to entry: Pressure-activated PRDs may be either re-closing devices (such as valves) or non-re-closing
devices (such as rupture disks).
3.1.21
pressure cycle
pressure variation composed of one period of monotonic pressure increase up to a peak pressure
followed by one period of monotonic pressure decrease
Note 1 to entry: Pressure variations exclusively due to variations of ambient temperature are not counted
as pressure cycles.
3.1.22
pressure cycle life
maximum number of pressure cycles (3.1.21) in hydrogen service that the pressure vessel is
designed to withstand in service
3.1.23
pre-stress
process of applying autofrettage (3.1.1) or controlled tension winding (3.1.7)
3.1.24
service life
maximum period for which the pressure vessel is designed to be in service based on fatigue life
and stress rupture characteristics of co
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
01-april-2018
3OLQDVWLYRGLN-HNOHQNHLQYHOLNHMHNOHQNH]DVNODGLãþHQMH ,62',6
Gaseous hydrogen - Cylinders and tubes for stationary storage (ISO/DIS 19884:2018)
Gasförmiger Wasserstoff - Flaschen und Großflaschen zur ortsfesten Lagerung (ISO/DIS
19884:2018)
Hydrogène gazeux - Bouteilles et tubes pour stockage stationnaire (ISO/DIS
19884:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 19884
ICS:
23.020.35 Plinske jeklenke Gas cylinders
71.100.20 Industrijski plini Gases for industrial
application
oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 19884
ISO/TC 197 Secretariat: SCC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2018-02-16 2018-05-11
Gaseous hydrogen — Cylinders and tubes for stationary
storage
Hydrogène gazeux — Bouteilles et tubes pour stockage stationnaire
ICS: 71.100.20; 23.020.30
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2018

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E) DIS 22734

Contents
FOREWORD . vi
INTRODUCTION . vi
1 SCOPE . 1
2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES . 1
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS . 4
4 REQUIREMENTS . 7
4.1 Operating conditions . 7
4.2 Risk management . 9
4.3 Mechanical equipment . 10
4.4 Electrical equipment, wiring and ventilation . 17
4.5 Control systems . 21
4.6 Ion transport medium . 25
4.7 Protection of service personnel . 26
5 TEST METHODS . 27
5.1 General . 27
5.2 Type (qualification) tests . 27
5.3 Routine tests. 37
6 MARKING AND LABELLING . 38
6.1 General requirements . 38
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
6.2 Hydrogen generator marking . 38
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
6.3 Marking of components . 39
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. 6.4 Warning signs . 39
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland 7 DOCUMENTATION ACCOMPANYING THE HYDROGEN GENERATOR . 39
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
7.1 General . 39
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO 2017 - All rights reserved iii
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
Foreword . vi
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 3
3.1 Terms and definitions . 3
3.2 Symbols . 7
4 Specified service conditions . 7
4.1 Maximum allowable working pressure . 7
4.2 Maximum allowable energy content . 7
4.3 Maximum and minimum allowable temperature . 7
4.4 Pressure cycle life . 7
4.5 Shallow pressure cycle life . 8
4.6 Effective pressure cycle count and maximum number of pressure cycles allowed
in service . 8
4.6.1 General . 8
4.6.2 Pressure Intensity Factor . 8
4.6.3 Goodman Diagrams . 8
4.7 Service life . 8
5 Additional service conditions . 8
5.1 Environmental conditions . 8
5.2 Fire conditions . 9
6 Information to be recorded . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Statement of service . 9
6.3 Design drawings and information . 10
6.4 Stress analysis report . 10
6.5 Material property data . 10
6.6 Manufacturing data . 11
6.7 Retention of records . 11
7 Material properties . 11
7.1 Compatibility . 11
7.2 Steel . 11
7.3 Stainless steels . 11
7.4 Aluminium alloys . 11
7.5 Fibre material . 12
7.6 Resins . 12
7.7 Plastic liner material. 12
8 General design requirements . 12
8.1 Requirements for new design . 12
8.1.1 General considerations. 12
8.1.1.1 Stress analysis . 12
8.1.1.2 Burst pressure and fibre stress ratio . 13
8.1.1.2.1 Pressure vessel . 13
8.1.1.2.2 Type 2 vessel liner burst pressure . 13
8.1.1.3 Test pressure . 14
8.1.1.4 Maximum defect size in metallic materials . 14
8.1.1.5 Protection of liner and boss against corrosion . 14
8.1.1.6 Resistance to UV emissions . 14
8.1.1.7 Resistance to humidity. 14
8.1.1.8 Protective layer . 14
8.1.2 Construction and workmanship . 15
8.1.2.1 Liner materials . 15
8.1.2.2 Openings, neck threads, neck ring, foot ring, attachment for support . 15
8.1.2.3 Forming . 15
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
8.1.2.4 Fibre winding . 16
8.1.2.5 Curing of thermosetting resins . 16
8.1.2.6 Autofrettage . 16
8.1.2.7 Exterior environmental protection . 16
8.1.3 Qualification of new designs . 17
8.1.3.1 General . 17
8.1.3.2 Material tests . 17
8.1.3.2.1 Material and hydrogen compatibility tests for vessels, liners, and bosses in
steel other than stainless steel . 18
8.1.3.2.2 Material and hydrogen compatibility tests for aluminium alloy vessels, liners,
and bosses . 18
8.1.3.2.3 Material and hydrogen compatibility tests for stainless steel liners, and
bosses . 18
8.1.3.2.4 Hydrogen sensitivity factor of metallic vessel, liner and boss materials . 18
8.1.3.2.5 Material tests for polymeric liners . 18
8.1.3.2.6 Resin properties tests . 18
8.1.3.2.7 Coating tests . 19
8.1.3.3 Pressure vessel tests . 19
8.1.3.3.1 Use of subscale units . 20
8.1.3.3.2 Hydrostatic burst pressure test . 20
8.1.3.3.3 Ambient temperature pressure cycling test . 21
8.1.3.3.4 Leak-before-break (LBB) test . 21
8.1.3.3.5 Accelerated stress rupture test . 21
8.1.3.3.6 Extreme temperature pressure cycling test . 21
8.1.3.3.7 High rate strain impact test . 21
8.1.3.3.8 Bonfire test . 21
8.1.3.3.9 Impact damage test . 22
8.1.3.3.10 Chemical exposure test . 22
8.1.3.3.11 Permeation test . 22
8.1.3.3.12 Boss torque test . 22
8.1.3.3.13 Hydrogen gas cycling test . 22
8.1.3.3.14 Water soak test . 22
8.1.3.4 Qualification of design changes . 22
8.1.3.5 Design qualification by fracture mechanics . 26
8.1.3.5.1 Fatigue crack growth rate tests . 26
8.1.3.5.2 Fracture toughness testing . 26
8.1.3.5.3 Allowable number of cycle . 26
8.1.3.5.4 Material qualification . 27
8.1.4 Production and batch tests . 27
8.1.4.1 Production tests . 27
8.1.4.2 Batch tests . 28
8.1.4.2.1 General requirements . 28
8.1.4.2.2 Batch requirements . 28
8.1.4.2.3 Required tests . 29
8.1.4.2.4 Ambient temperature pressure cycling test . 30
8.1.4.3 Failure to meet batch and production test requirements . 30
8.1.5 Markings . 30
8.1.6 Preparation for dispatch . 31
8.2 Requirements for existing designs . 32
Annex A. (normative) Test methods and acceptance criteria . 33
Annex B. (Normative) Requirements for existing designs . 44
Annex C. (informative) Verification of stress ratios using strain gauges . 49
Annex D. (informative) NDE defect size by flawed pressure vessel cycling . 50
Annex E. (informative) Manufacturer’s instructions for handling, use and inspection of
pressure vessels . 51
Annex F. (Informative) Fatigue Life Evaluation using Goodman Diagrams . 53
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
Annex G. (informative) Optional Bonfire Test . 57
Annex H. (informative) - Information on factor of safety . 62
Bibliography . 65

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives,
Part 2.
In any case, national regulation, if applicable, prevails on standard.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
ISO 19884 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies.
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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
Introduction
As the use of gaseous hydrogen evolves from the chemical industry into various emerging
applications, such as fuel for fuel cells and internal combustion engines, and other specialty hydrogen
applications, new requirements and usages are foreseen for seamless and composite pressure
vessels, including higher number of pressure cycles, and use of transportable storages as stationary
vessels.
Requirements covering pressure vessels for stationary storage of compressed gaseous hydrogen are
listed in this standard and are mainly intended to maintain or improve the level of safety of this
application.
It is to be noted that vessels qualified to ISO 19884 will also need to meet regulations of countries
where installed, such as the European PED and building codes that reference ASME. It is a goal of
ISO 19884 that qualified vessels will be acceptable to regulators in countries where installed.

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018

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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
Gaseous hydrogen — Cylinders and tubes for stationary
storage
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the requirements for design, manufacture and testing of
standalone or manifolded (for some specific tests such as bonfire) cylinders, tubes, and other pressure
vessels of steel, stainless steel, aluminium alloys or of non-metallic construction material. These are
intended for the stationary storage of gaseous hydrogen of up to a maximum water capacity of 10 000
l and a maximum allowable working pressure not exceeding 110 MPa, of seamless metallic
construction (Type 1) or of composite construction (Types 2, 3 and 4), hereafter referred to as
pressure vessels. Type 2 and 3 vessels with welded liners are excluded.
For an existing design already qualified for other applications (e.g. transportable applications) follow
the requirements of Annex B.
This International Standard is not intended as a specification for pressure vessels used for solid, liquid
hydrogen or hybrid cryogenic-high pressure hydrogen storage applications.
This International Standard does not include external piping which can be designed according to a
recognized standard (e.g. ISO 15649).

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ANSI/CSA CHMC 1-2014 - Test methods for evaluating material compatibility in compressed
hydrogen applications - Metals
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
ASTM D3170 / D3170M - 14 Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
ASTM E647, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates
CSA PRD 1-2013 - Pressure relief devices for natural gas vehicle (NGV) fuel containers
EN 12245, Transportable gas cylinders. Fully wrapped composite cylinders
ISO 306, Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat softening temperature
(VST)
ISO 527-2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for
moulding and extrusion plastics
ISO 1519, Paints and varnishes -- Bend test (cylindrical mandrel)
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
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oSIST prEN ISO 19884:2018
ISO/DIS 19884:2018(E)
ISO 2812-1 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of resistance to liquids -- Part 1: Immersion
in liquids other than water
ISO 4624, Paints and varnishes — Pull-off test for adhesion
ISO 6272-2 Paints and varnishes -- Rapid-deformation (impact resistance) tests -- Part 2:
Falling-weight test, small-area indenter
ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 7225, Gas cylinders — Precautionary labels
ISO 7866, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless aluminium alloy gas cylinders — Design,
construction and testing
ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres -- Salt spray tests
ISO 9809-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction
and testing — Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than
1 100 MPa
ISO 9809-3, Gas cylinders -- Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders -- Design, construction
and testing -- Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders
ISO 9809-4, Gas cylinders -- Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders -- Design, construction
and testing -- Part 4: Stainless steel cylinders with an Rm value of less than 1 100 MPa
ISO 11114-1 Gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents
— Part 1: Metallic material
...

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