SIST EN 71-4:2009
(Main)Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
This part of the European Standard EN 71 specifies requirements for the maximum amount of certain substances and preparations used in experimental sets for chemistry and related activities.
These substances and preparations are
- chemicals classified as dangerous by the Directives on dangerous substances [1] and dangerous preparations [2] (including substances which have been self-classified according to the requirements of these Directives),
- substances and preparations which in excessive amounts may harm the health of the children using them but which are not classified as dangerous by the above mentioned Directives and
- any other chemical substances and preparations delivered with the toy.
This standard applies to chemistry sets and supplementary sets. It also covers toys for experiments within the fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and environmental science whenever they contain one or more chemical substances and/or preparations.
It also specifies requirements for marking, contents list, instructions for use and for equipment intended for carrying out the experiments.
Other chemical toys are specified in EN 71-5.
NOTE The terms "substance" and "preparation" as used in directives 67/548/EEC [1] and 1999/45/EC [2] are also used in the "REACH Regulation" Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 [4]. This latter regulation requires also that account be taken of the emerging international standards in the regulation of chemicals such as the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) of classification and labelling of chemicals. The EU has now proposed a timetable for the introduction of GHS and it is expected that the above two mentioned directives will be repealed on 1 June 2015.
In the GHS regulation the term 'mixtures' rather than 'preparation' is used. Preparations and mixtures should be considered synonymous; both are mixtures or solutions of substances that do not react with each other.
Sicherheit von Spielzeug; Experimentierkästen für chemische und ähnliche Versuche
Dieser Teil der Europäischen Norm EN 71 legt Anforderungen für die Höchstmengen bestimmter Stoffe und Zubereitungen in Experimentierkästen für chemische und ähnliche Versuche fest.
Bei diesen Stoffen und Zubereitungen handelt es sich um
Chemikalien, die nach Gefahrstoff-Richtlinien [1] als gefährlich eingestuft sind sowie gefährliche Zuberei¬tungen [2] (einschließlich Stoffe mit Selbsteinstufung nach den Anforderungen dieser Richtlinien);
Stoffe und Zubereitungen, die bei Überdosierung die Gesundheit der Kinder schädigen können, die jedoch nicht durch die vorstehend genannten Richtlinien als gefährlich eingestuft sind; sowie
sonstige chemische Stoffe und Zubereitungen, die mit dem Spielzeug geliefert werden.
Diese Norm gilt für Chemieexperimentierkästen und Ergänzungskästen. Sie deckt weiterhin Spielzeug für Experimente auf dem Gebiet der Mineralogie, Biologie, Physik, Mikroskopie und der Umweltwissenschaften ab, sobald sie einen oder mehrere chemische Stoffe und/oder Zubereitungen enthalten.
Ferner legt diese Norm Anforderungen an die Kennzeichnung, die Inhaltsliste, die Gebrauchsanleitung und an die zur Ausführung der Experimente zu verwendende Ausrüstung fest.
Andere chemische Spielzeuge sind in EN 71-5 festgelegt.
ANMERKUNG Die Fachausdrücke „Stoffe“ und „Zubereitungen“ werden in den Richtlinien 67/548/EWG [1] und 1999/45/EG [2] sowie der „REACH-Verordnung“, Verordnung 1907/2006/EG [4], verwendet. Letztere Verordnung fordert, dass andere entstehende internationale Standards für Regelungen über Chemikalien, wie beispielsweise das Global Harmonisierte System (GHS) zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien, zu berücksichtigen sind. Die EU hat einen Zeitplan für die Einführung des GHS vorgeschlagen und es wird erwartet, dass die beiden o. g. Richtlinien am 1. Juni 2015 außer Kraft gesetzt werden.
Im GHS wird der Fachausdruck „Gemisch“ häufiger verwendet, als „Zubereitung“.
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 4 : Coffrets d'expériences chimiques et d'activités connexes
La présente partie de la Norme européenne EN 71 spécifie les exigences relatives à la quantité maximale de certaines substances et préparations utilisées dans les coffrets d’expériences chimiques et d’activités connexes. Ces substances et préparations sont les suivantes : ⎯ les produits chimiques classés comme étant dangereux par les Directives relatives aux substances dangereuses [1] et aux préparations dangereuses [2] (incluant des substances relevant de l’auto-classification en conformité avec les exigences de ces Directives) ; ⎯ des substances et des préparations qui, en quantités excessives, peuvent être néfastes pour la santé des enfants les utilisant mais qui ne sont pas classées comme dangereuses par les Directives susmentionnées ; et ⎯ toutes autres substances chimiques et préparations fournies avec le jouet. La présente norme s’applique aux coffrets de chimie et aux coffrets additionnels. Elle couvre également les jouets permettant de faire des expériences dans les domaines de la minéralogie, de la biologie, de la physique, de la microscopie et de l’environnement, lorsqu’ils contiennent une ou plusieurs substances et/ou préparations chimiques. Elle spécifie également des exigences relatives au marquage, à la liste des informations, à la notice d’emploi et au matériel destiné à être utilisé pour réaliser les expériences. D’autres jouets chimiques sont spécifiés dans l’EN 71-5. NOTE Les termes « substance » et « préparation » utilisés dans les Directives 67/548/CEE [1] et 1999/45/CE [2] figurent également dans la réglementation “REACH Regulation” (EC) N° 1907/2006 [4]. Cette dernière réglementation requiert également de prendre en compte les Normes internationales émergeantes dans la réglementation des produits chimiques telles que le Globally Harmonised System (GHS) de classification et d’étiquetage des produits chimiques.
Varnost igrač - 4. del: Kompleti za kemijske poskuse in druge poskuse, pri katerih se uporabljajo kemikalije
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 71-4:2009
01-november-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 71-4:1995
SIST EN 71-4:1995/A1:2000
SIST EN 71-4:1995/A2:2003
SIST EN 71-4:1995/A3:2007
9DUQRVWLJUDþGHO .RPSOHWL]DNHPLMVNHSRVNXVHLQGUXJHSRVNXVHSULNDWHULK
VHXSRUDEOMDMRNHPLNDOLMH
Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Sicherheit von Spielzeug; Experimentierkästen für chemische und ähnliche Versuche
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 4 : Coffrets d'expériences chimiques et d'activités connexes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-4:2009
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
SIST EN 71-4:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 71-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2009
ICS 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-4:1990
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and
related activities
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 4: Coffrets d'expériences Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 4: Experimentierkästen für
chimiques et d'activités connexes chemische und ähnliche Versuche
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 July 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-4:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Chemical substances .6
5 Equipment . 12
5.1 General requirements . 12
5.2 Containers and glassware . 12
5.2.1 Test tubes . 12
5.2.2 Other glassware . 12
5.2.3 Reagent containers. 12
5.2.4 Closures . 13
5.2.5 Empty containers . 13
5.2.6 Test method for borosilicate glass . 13
5.3 Equipment for the transfer of liquid. 14
5.4 Test tube stand and test tube holder . 14
5.5 Eye protection (see 5.1) . 14
6 Marking . 15
6.1 General requirements . 15
6.2 Marking of individual containers and glassware . 15
6.3 Marking of the primary packaging . 16
7 Contents list with warnings and first aid information . 16
8 Instructions for use . 17
8.1 General instructions . 17
8.2 Advice for supervising adults . 17
8.3 Safety rules . 18
Annex A (normative) Test methods for closures of reagent containers . 19
A.1 Closure test A . 19
A.2 Closure test B . 19
A.3 Closure test C . 19
Annex B (informative) Rationale on classification of substances and preparations . 20
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EC Directive 88/378/EEC . 21
Bibliography . 22
2
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 71-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “”, the secretariat of
which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 71-4:1990, EN 71-4/A1:1998, EN 71-4/A2:2003 and EN 71-4/A3:2007.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 88/378/EEC.
For relationship with EU Directive 88/378/EEC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
European Standard.
The significant changes from the previous edition of this standard are:
the foreword has been updated;
the introduction has been updated;
the amendments have been consolidated.
This standard is part of series of standards for safety of toys.
This Part 4 shall be read in conjunction with Part 1.
This European Standard for safety of toys consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Part 2: Flammability
Part 3: Migration of certain elements
Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
Part 6: Graphical symbol for age warning labelling
Part 7: Finger paints – Requirements and test methods
Part 8: Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use
Part 9: Organic chemical compounds – Requirements
Part 10: Organic chemical compounds – Sample preparation and extraction
Part 11: Organic chemical compounds – Methods of analysis
NOTE In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published: CEN Report,
CR 14379:2002, Classification of toys - Guidelines, CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15071:2005, Safety of toys - National
translations of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
3
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard EN 71-4 is intended to reduce the risks which may present health hazards to a child
when the experimental sets are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the normal
behaviour of children.
During use of these experimental sets, the hazards should be kept to a minimum by the provision of
appropriate information to make the experiments safe and controllable. Warning phrases and instructions for
use are required for experimental sets according to this European Standard.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their characteristics are
related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes certain aptitudes.
Therefore age requirements are given.
The requirements of this European Standard do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over the child while he or she is playing. On the contrary, these sets require close supervision by
adults.
4
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
1 Scope
This part of the European Standard EN 71 specifies requirements for the maximum amount of certain
substances and preparations used in experimental sets for chemistry and related activities.
These substances and preparations are
chemicals classified as dangerous by the Directives on dangerous substances [1] and dangerous
preparations [2] (including substances which have been self-classified according to the requirements of
these Directives),
substances and preparations which in excessive amounts may harm the health of the children using them
but which are not classified as dangerous by the above mentioned Directives and
any other chemical substances and preparations delivered with the toy.
This standard applies to chemistry sets and supplementary sets. It also covers toys for experiments within the
fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and environmental science whenever they contain one or
more chemical substances and/or preparations.
It also specifies requirements for marking, contents list, instructions for use and for equipment intended for
carrying out the experiments.
Other chemical toys are specified in EN 71-5.
NOTE The terms “substance“ and “preparation“ as used in directives 67/548/EEC [1] and 1999/45/EC [2] are also
used in the “REACH Regulation” Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 [4]. This regulation requires that account be taken of the
emerging international standards in the regulation of chemicals such as the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) of
classification and labelling of chemicals. The EU has now proposed a timetable for the introduction of GHS and it is
expected that the two above mentioned directives will be repealed on 1 June 2015.
In the GHS regulation the term 'mixture' rather than 'preparation' is used. Preparations and mixtures should be considered
synonymous; both are mixtures or solutions of substances that do not react with each other.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 71-1, Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite – Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness) (ISO 868:2003)
EN ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging – Requirements and testing procedures for reclosable packages (ISO
8317:2003)
ISO 7619, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of indentation hardness
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
5
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
3.1
chemistry set
toy consisting of one or more chemical substances and/or preparations with or without equipment intended for
carrying out chemical experiments
NOTE The definition also covers toys for experiments within the fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopics
and environmental sciences whenever they contain one or more chemical substances and/or preparations.
3.2
supplementary set
chemistry set which is intended to be used with a complete chemistry set
4 Chemical substances
Only chemical substances, preparations and indicators given in Table 1 and Table 2 may be supplied in
chemistry sets up to the amounts stated.
NOTE The quality of the chemicals used should be appropriate for the experiments described; in particular the
chemicals should not contain impurities or substances which allow undefined and dangerous reactions.
Where experiments contained in the instructions of a set require it, denatured methylated spirits may be
prescribed in the instructions. Also the reagents listed in Table 3 may be prescribed in the instructions at
concentrations not exceeding those specified in this table. The substances specified in Table 3 shall not be
provided with the chemistry set. The instructions for use may prescribe the use of other substances, e.g.
sugar, that are not classified as dangerous substances [1] or preparations that are not classified as dangerous
preparations [2]. Other substances shall not be supplied with the toy.
The chemical substances and preparations listed in Table 1, in so far as they are classified as dangerous
within the definitions contained in the above Directives, shall have their containers labelled accordingly (see
6.2).
6
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 — Maximum amounts of chemical substances and preparations and labelling
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Aluminium potassium 10 g – 10043-67-1 233-141-3
sulfate
Ammonium 5 g Xn 10361-29-2 233-786-0
c
carbonate
Ammonium chloride 30 g Xn 12125-02-9 235-186-4
Ammonium iron (III) 5 g Xi 10138-04-2 233-382-4
c
sulfate
Ammonium sodium 5 g − 13011-54-6 235-860-8
hydrogen phosphate
c
100 g Xi 471-34-1 207-439-9
Calcium carbonate
Calcium chloride 10 g Xi 10043-52-4 233-140-8
c, d
20 g Xi 1305-62-0 215-137-3
Calcium hydroxide
c
5 g Xi, O 10124-37-5 233-332-1
Calcium nitrate
c, d
10 g C 1305-78-8 215-138-9
Calcium oxide
Calcium sulfate 100 g − 7778-18-9 231-900-3
e
100 g − 7440-44-0 231-153-3
Charcoal
c
20 g Xi 77-92-9 201-069-1
Citric acid
c, e, f
10 ml Xn 84961-50-2 284-638-7
Clove oil
Copper sheet 100 g − 7440-50-8 231-159-6
c
10 g Xn 1317-38-0 215-269-1
Copper (II) oxide
Copper (II) sulfate 15 g Xn, N 7758-98-7 231-847-6
Disodium disulfite 10 g Xn 7681-57-4 231-548-0
Glycerol (containing 25 g − 56-81-5 200-289-5
at least 15 % water)
Hexamethylene- 10 g Xn, F 100-97-0 202-905-8
e
tetramine (solid
fuel)
Iron fillings/iron 100 g F 7439-89-6 231-096-4
c, e
powder
c
10 g Xn 7705-08-0 231-729-4
Iron (III) chloride
c
10 g Xn 7720-78-7 231-753-5
Iron (II) sulfate
Lactose 100 g − 63-42-3 200-559-2
Lead-free solder 100 g − − −
c
3 g F 7439-95-4 231-104-6
Magnesium strip
Magnesium sulfate 25 g − 7487-88-9 231-298-2
Manganese (IV) 5 g Xn 1313-13-9 215-202-6
dioxide
7
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Manganese (II) 15 g Xn, N 7785-87-7 232-089-9
sulfate
c
1 g Xn 485-47-2 207-618-1
Ninhydrin
Pepsin A 10 g Xn 9001-75-6 232-629-3
c
15 g Xi 7758-02-3 231-830-3
Potassium bromide
Potassium 10 g − 13746-66-2 237-323-3
hexacyanoferrate
e
(III)
Potassium 10 g − 13943-58-3 237-722-2
e
hexacyanoferrate (II)
Potassium iodide 10 g − 7681-11-0 231-659-4
Potassium 15 g Xn, O, N 7722-64-7 231-760-3
g
permanganate
Potassium 10 g Xn, O, N − −
permanganate:
sodium sulphate
mixture (1:2) (m/m)
c h h
10 ml 7761-88-8 231-853-9
Silver nitrate (1 % Xi , N
(m/V) aqueous
solution)
Sodium acetate 20 g − 127-09-3 204-823-8
Sodium carbonate 50 g Xi 497-19-8 207-838-8
Sodium chloride 100 g − 7647-14-5 231-598-3
Sodium hydrogen 50 g − 144-55-8 205-633-8
carbonate
Sodium hydrogen 30 g Xi 7681-38-1 231-665-7
sulphate
Sodium silicate 100 ml C − −
solution
c
(SiO :Na O > 2)
2 2
Sodium sulfate 100 g − 7757-82-6 231-820-9
Sodium thiosulfate 50 g − 7772-98-7 231-867-5
c
Sulfur 15 g F 7704-34-9 231-722-6
e
15 g − 1401-55-4 215-753-2
Tannin
c
20 g Xi 87-69-4 201-766-0
Tartaric acid
c
15 g C 7772-99-8 231-868-0
Tin (II) chloride
e
j j
Tincture of iodine 10 ml − −
Xn , N , F
(2,5 % (m/V)
i
ethanolic solution)
e
10 g − 57-13-6 200-315-5
Urea
8
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Zinc powder / zinc 20 g F, N 7440-66-6 231-175-3
pellets
Zinc sulfate 20 g Xn, N 7446-20-0 231-793-3
(heptahydrate)
a
The substances and preparations in Table 1 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the
national translations.
b
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
c
The classifications of the substances correspond to the most stringent self-classifications according to manufacturer's literature.
d
Only one of these substances shall be provided per set.
e
The chemical nomenclature is mainly based on IUPAC with the exceptions of the substances marked.
f
The following R- and S-phrases shall be given:
Clove oil: Risk phrase: R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact
Safety advice phrase: S24 Avoid contact with skin.
g
Only to be provided in sets intended for children over the age of 12 years.
h Xi and N apply to silver nitrate not its 1 % (m/V) aqueous solution.
i
Denatured alcohol (ethanol)
j
Xn and N apply to iodine, not to its ethanolic solution.
If indicators are supplied as solution, their solid contents shall not exceed the amounts specified in Table 2.
NOTE Non-bleeding indicators in books, pads or rolls are far below toxicological levels of concern and may be
supplied without any amount-limitations for indicators.
9
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 2 — Maximum amounts of indicators and labelling
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances / (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
c, d
1 g Xi 17372-87-1 241-409-6
Eosin
e e
Iodine (2,5 % (m/V) in 10 ml 7553-56-2 231-442-4
Xn , N
potassium iodide
2,5 % (m/V) aqueous
solution)
c
1 g − − −
Litmus blue
c
1 g − 1393-92-6 215-739-6
Litmus red
g
c, d, f
3 g Xi 521-31-3 208-309-4
Luminol (5 %
(m/m) mixture with
sodium sulfate)
c, d , f h
3 g 547-58-0 208-925-3
Methyl orange T
(20 % (m/m) sodium
sulfate mixture)
c, d
1 g Xn 61-73-4 200-515-2
Methylene blue
d
1 g Xi 143-74-8 205-609-7
Phenol red
Thymol blue 1 g − 76-61-9 200-973-3
Bleeding universal 1 pad − − −
c
indicator paper
a
The substances and preparations in Table 2 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the
national translations.
b
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
c
The chemical nomenclature is mainly based on IUPAC with the exceptions of the substances marked.
d
The classifications of the substances correspond to the most stringent self-classifications according to manufacturer’s literature.
e
Xn and N apply to iodine, not to its aqueous solution.
f The danger symbol applies to the substance and not to the mixtures.
g Xi applies to luminol not its 5 % (m/m) mixture with sodium sulfate.
h T applies to methyl orange not its 20 % (m/m) mixture with sodium sulfate (which is classified Xn).
10
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 3 — Maximum concentration of reagents not supplied with the set and labelling
a c
Reagent Maximum Danger CAS number EINECS
b c
concentration symbol number
mol/l
(see Figure 1)
Ammonia solution 2 Xi 1336-21-6 215-647-6
Hydrochloric acid 2 Xi 7647-01-0 231-595-7
d
Hydrogen peroxide 1 − 7722-84-1 231-765-0
Sodium hydroxide solution 1 C 1310-73-2 215-185-5
a
The reagents in Table 3 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the national
translations.
b
The indicated danger symbol is applicable to the reagent at its maximum permitted concentration.
c
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
d The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is equivalent to a 3 % (V/V) solution.
Xn C Xi
Harmful Corrosive Irritant
F O T
Flammable Oxidising Toxic
N
Dangerous for the environment
Figure 1 — Danger symbols
NOTE These symbols are extracts from Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations
and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as
amended). The dimensions and colours of these symbols should comply with the requirements of Annex II to this directive
[3].
11
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
5 Equipment
5.1 General requirements
Chemistry sets shall be supplied with instructions for use (see Clause 8); a contents list with warnings and first
aid information (see Clause 7); the equipment necessary for carrying out the experiments described in the
instructions for use, eye protection (see 5.5); and if required a test tube stand (see 5.4).
Supplementary sets shall be supplied with a contents list as specified in Clause 7 and be marked in
accordance with 6.3.3.
All experiments described shall be evaluated by the manufacturer. In particular, it shall not be possible for
substances to be formed in amounts that are injurious to health.
NOTE Any known hazards arising from the use of the toy especially during the experiments should be detailed (e.g.
handling of chemicals, handling of glassware, retarded boiling point, back flow of barrier water into overheated glassware,
evolution of gases and handling of burners and other heating sources).
5.2 Containers and glassware
5.2.1 Test tubes
5.2.1.1 Sets in which test tubes are heated
In sets where the instructions for use include chemical experiments in which test tubes are heated, all test
tubes shall be made of borosilicate glass in order to be heat resistant.
Glass test tubes intended to be heated shall have dimensions greater than 110 mm in length and 15 mm in
internal diameter.
Glass test tubes not intended to be heated e. g. not for chemical experiments may have dimensions not
greater than 90 mm in length and 12 mm in internal diameter.
Borosilicate glass shall be tested in accordance with 5.2.6.
5.2.1.2 Sets in which test tubes are not heated
In sets, where the instructions for use do not include chemical experiments in which test tubes are heated and
the glass tubes are not made of borosilicate glass, all test tubes shall be labelled in accordance with 6.2.
5.2.2 Other glassware
In sets, where the instructions for use include experiments in which glassware are heated, all glassware
intended to be heated shall be made of borosilicate glass in order to be heat resistant.
The above requirement does not apply to glass pipes intended to be heated for the purpose of bending.
Other glassware which is not intended to be heated but which by its appearance or shape could be construed
as being suitable for heating shall be labelled in accordance with 6.2.
Borosilicate glass shall be tested in accordance with 5.2.6.
5.2.3 Reagent containers
Containers for reagents shall differ in size and shape from laboratory glassware to avoid them being mistaken
as glassware for use in experiments.
12
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
All containers must hold out against shocks. They shall withstand the drop test specified in EN 71-1.
5.2.4 Closures
Closures shall comply with one of the following requirements:
they shall comply with EN ISO 8317;
they shall require two independent movements to be opened: a vertical force downwards and a torque in
the clockwise or anticlockwise direction (e.g. bayonet joint). When tested in accordance with A.1 (closure
test A), the closure shall not have opened;
they shall consist of a snap-in stopper and shall require an external tool to be opened. The closure shall
be able to be opened only by a specifically designed tool. When tested in accordance with A.2 (closure
test B), the closure shall not have opened.
In addition, closures for containers intended to be used for liquids shall not break, crack or leak when tested in
accordance with A.3 (closure test C).
NOTE It is the intention of the test to prevent younger children accessing materials contained in such products.
5.2.5 Empty containers
Empty containers intended for storage of reagents shall have a maximum volume of 50 ml and 100 ml,
respectively, in accordance with Table 4.
Table 4 — Maximum volume of the empty containers for reagents (see Table 3)
Reagent Maximum
volume of the empty container
ml
Ammonia solution 50
Hydrochloric acid 100
Hydrogen peroxide 100
Sodium hydroxide solution 100
5.2.6 Test method for borosilicate glass
5.2.6.1 General
Several methods exist to distinguish borosilicate glass, e. g. determination of density and refractive index. The
density method is given here:
5.2.6.2 Apparatus and reagent
5.2.6.2.1 25 ml pycnometer
5.2.6.2.2 water bath, capable of maintaining a temperature of (20 ± 1) °C
5.2.6.2.3 deionised water
5.2.6.2.4 analytical balance, precision 0,1 mg
13
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SIST EN 71-4:2009
EN 71-4:2009 (E)
5.2.6.3 Procedure
Weigh pycnometer (m ). Make sure that the fraction from the glass sample is clean. Place it in the pycnometer
0
and weigh the pycnometer (m ). Then fill up the pycnometer with water and place in water bath until the
2
contents equilibrate at 20 °C. Top up the pycnometer with water. Remove the pycnometer from water bath,
dry exterior and weigh (m ). Empty the pycnometer. Fill up th
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
01-marec-2009
9DUQRVWLJUDþGHO .RPSOHWL]DNHPLMVNHSRVNXVHLQGUXJHSRVNXVHSULNDWHULK
VHXSRUDEOMDMRNHPLNDOLMH
Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Sicherheit von Spielzeug; Experimentierkästen für chemische und ähnliche Versuche
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 4 : Coffrets d'expériences chimiques et d'activités connexes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 71-4
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
kSIST prEN 71-4:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
FINAL DRAFT
prEN 71-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2009
ICS 97.200.50 Will supersede EN 71-4:1990
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and
related activities
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 4 : Coffrets d'expériences Sicherheit von Spielzeug; Experimentierkästen für
chimiques et d'activités connexes chemische und ähnliche Versuche
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 52.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 71-4:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Chemical substances .6
5 Equipment . 12
5.1 General requirements . 12
5.2 Containers and glassware . 13
5.2.1 Test tubes . 13
5.2.2 Other glassware . 13
5.2.3 Reagent containers. 13
5.2.4 Closures . 13
5.2.5 Empty containers . 14
5.2.6 Test method for borosilicate glass . 14
5.3 Equipment for the transfer of liquid. 15
5.4 Test tube stand and test tube holder . 15
5.5 Eye protection (see 5.1) . 15
6 Marking . 16
6.1 General requirements . 16
6.2 Marking of individual containers and glassware . 16
6.3 Marking of the primary packaging . 17
7 Contents list with warnings and first aid information . 17
8 Instructions for use . 18
8.1 General instructions . 18
8.2 Advice for supervising adults . 18
8.3 Safety rules . 19
Annex A (normative) Test methods for closures of reagent containers . 20
A.1 Closure test A . 20
A.2 Closure test B . 20
A.3 Closure test C . 20
Annex B (informative) Rationale on classification of substances and preparations . 21
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EC Directive 88/378/EEC . 22
Bibliography . 23
2
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 71-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of Toys”,
the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European
Standard.
This document will supersede EN 71-4:1990, EN 71-4/A1:1998, EN 71-4/A2:2003 and EN 71-4/A3:2007.
The significant changes from the previous edition of this standard are:
the foreword has been updated;
the introduction has been updated;
the amendments have been consolidated.
This standard is part of series of standards for safety of toys.
This Part 4 shall be read in conjunction with Part 1.
This European Standard for safety of toys consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Part 2: Flammability
Part 3: Migration of certain elements
Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
Part 6: Graphical symbol for age warning labelling
Part 7: Finger paints – Requirements and test methods
Part 8: Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use
Part 9: Organic chemical compounds – Requirements
Part 10: Organic chemical compounds – Sample preparation and extraction
Part 11: Organic chemical compounds – Methods of analysis
NOTE In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published: CEN Report,
CR 14379:2002, Classification of toys - Guidelines, CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15071:2005, Safety of toys - National
translations of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71.
3
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard EN 71-4 is intended to reduce the risks which may present health hazards to a child
when the experimental sets are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the normal
behaviour of children.
During use of these experimental sets, the hazards should be kept to a minimum by the provision of
appropriate information to make the experiments safe and controllable. Warning phrases and instructions for
use are required for experimental sets according to this European Standard.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their characteristics are
related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes certain aptitudes.
Therefore age requirements are given.
The requirements of this European Standard do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over the child while he or she is playing. On the contrary, these sets require close supervision by
adults.
4
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
1 Scope
This part of the European Standard EN 71 specifies requirements for the maximum amount of certain
substances and preparations used in experimental sets for chemistry and related activities.
These substances and preparations are
chemicals classified as dangerous by the Directives on dangerous substances [1] and dangerous
preparations [2] (including substances which have been self-classified according to the requirements of
these Directives),
substances and preparations which in excessive amounts may harm the health of the children using them
but which are not classified as dangerous by the above mentioned Directives and
any other chemical substances and preparations delivered with the toy.
This standard applies to chemistry sets and supplementary sets. It also covers toys for experiments within the
fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and environmental science whenever they contain one or
more chemical substances and/or preparations.
It also specifies requirements for marking, contents list, instructions for use and for equipment intended for
carrying out the experiments.
Other chemical toys are specified in EN 71-5.
NOTE The terms “substance“ and “preparation“ as used in directives 67/548/EEC [1] and 1999/45/EC [2] are also
used in the “REACH Regulation” Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 [4]. This latter regulation requires also that account be
taken of the emerging international standards in the regulation of chemicals such as the Globally Harmonised System
(GHS) of classification and labelling of chemicals. The EU has now proposed a timetable for the introduction of GHS and it
is expected that the above two mentioned directives will be repealed on 1 June 2015.
In the GHS regulation the term 'mixtures' rather than 'preparation' is used. Preparations and mixtures should be
considered synonymous; both are mixtures or solutions of substances that do not react with each other.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 71-1, Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite – Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness) (ISO 868:2003)
EN ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging – Requirements and testing procedures for reclosable packages (ISO
8317:2003)
ISO 7619, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of indentation hardness
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
5
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
3.1
chemistry set
toy consisting of one or more chemical substances and/or preparations with or without equipment intended for
carrying out chemical experiments
NOTE The definition also covers toys for experiments within the fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopics
and environmental sciences whenever they contain one or more chemical substances and/or preparations.
3.2
supplementary set
chemistry set which is intended to be used with a complete chemistry set
4 Chemical substances
Only chemical substances, preparations and indicators given in Table 1 and Table 2 may be supplied in
chemistry sets up to the amounts stated.
NOTE The quality of the chemicals used should be appropriate for the experiments described; in particular the
chemicals should not contain impurities or substances which allow undefined and dangerous reactions.
Where experiments contained in the instructions of a set require it, denatured methylated spirits may be
prescribed in the instructions. Also the reagents listed in Table 3 may be prescribed in the instructions at
concentrations not exceeding those specified in this table. The substances specified in Table 3 shall not be
provided with the chemistry set. The instructions for use may prescribe the use of other substances, e.g.
sugar, that are not classified as dangerous substances [1] or preparations that are not classified as dangerous
preparations [2]. Other substances shall not be supplied with the toy.
The chemical substances and preparations listed in Table 1, in so far as they are classified as dangerous
within the definitions contained in the above Directives, shall have their containers labelled accordingly (see
6.2).
6
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 — Maximum amounts of chemical substances and preparations and labelling
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Aluminium potassium 10 g – 10043-67-1 233-141-3
sulfate
Ammonium 5 g Xn 10361-29-2 233-786-0
c
carbonate
Ammonium chloride 30 g Xn 12125-02-9 235-186-4
Ammonium iron (III) 5 g Xi 10138-04-2 233-382-4
c
sulfate
Ammonium sodium 5 g − 13011-54-6 235-860-8
hydrogen phosphate
c
100 g Xi 471-34-1 207-439-9
Calcium carbonate
Calcium chloride 10 g Xi 10043-52-4 233-140-8
c,d
20 g Xi 1305-62-0 215-137-3
Calcium hydroxide
c
5 g Xi, O 10124-37-5 233-332-1
Calcium nitrate
c, d
10 g C 1305-78-8 215-138-9
Calcium oxide
Calcium sulfate 100 g − 7778-18-9 231-900-3
e
100 g − 7440-44-0 231-153-3
Charcoal
c
20 g Xi 77-92-9 201-069-1
Citric acid
c, e, f
10 ml Xn 84961-50-2 284-638-7
Clove oil
Copper sheet 100 g − 7440-50-8 231-159-6
c
10 g Xn 1317-38-0 215-269-1
Copper (II) oxide
Copper (II) sulfate 15 g Xn, N 7758-98-7 231-847-6
Disodium disulfite 10 g Xn 7681-57-4 231-548-0
Glycerol (containing 25 g − 56-81-5 200-289-5
at least 15 % water)
Hexamethylene- 10 g Xn, F 100-97-0 202-905-8
e
tetramine (solid
fuel)
Iron fillings/iron 100 g F 7439-89-6 231-096-4
c, e
powder
c
10 g Xn 7705-08-0 231-729-4
Iron (III) chloride
c
10 g Xn 7720-78-7 231-753-5
Iron (II) sulfate
Lactose 100 g − 63-42-3 200-559-2
Lead-free solder 100 g − − −
c
3 g F 7439-95-4 231-104-6
Magnesium strip
Magnesium sulfate 25 g − 7487-88-9 231-298-2
Manganese (IV) 5 g Xn 1313-13-9 215-202-6
dioxide
7
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Manganese (II) 15 g Xn, N 7785-87-7 232-089-9
sulfate
c
1 g Xn 485-47-2 207-618-1
Ninhydrin
Pepsin A 10 g Xn 9001-75-6 232-629-3
c
15 g Xi 7758-02-3 231-830-3
Potassium bromide
Potassium 10 g − 13746-66-2 237-323-3
hexacyanoferrate
e
(III)
Potassium 10 g − 13943-58-3 237-722-2
e
hexacyanoferrate (II)
Potassium iodide 10 g − 7681-11-0 231-659-4
Potassium 15 g Xn, O, N 7722-64-7 231-760-3
g
permanganate
Potassium 10 g Xn, O, N − −
permanganate:
sodium sulphate
mixture (1:2) (m/m)
c h h
10 ml 7761-88-8 231-853-9
Silver nitrate (1 % Xi , N
(m/V) aqueous
solution)
Sodium acetate 20 g − 127-09-3 204-823-8
Sodium carbonate 50 g Xi 497-19-8 207-838-8
Sodium chloride 100 g − 7647-14-5 231-598-3
Sodium hydrogen 50 g − 144-55-8 205-633-8
carbonate
Sodium hydrogen 30 g Xi 7681-38-1 231-665-7
sulphate
Sodium silicate 100 ml C − −
solution
c
(SiO :Na O > 2)
2 2
Sodium sulfate 100 g − 7757-82-6 231-820-9
Sodium thiosulfate 50 g − 7772-98-7 231-867-5
c
Sulfur 15 g F 7704-34-9 231-722-6
e
15 g − 1401-55-4 215-753-2
Tannin
c
20 g Xi 87-69-4 201-766-0
Tartaric acid
c
15 g C 7772-99-8 231-868-0
Tin (II) chloride
e
j j
Tincture of iodine 10 ml − −
Xn , N , F
(2,5 % m/V ethanolic
i
solution)
e
10 g − 57-13-6 200-315-5
Urea
8
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances/ (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
Zinc powder / zinc 20 g F, N 7440-66-6 231-175-3
pellets
Zinc sulfate 20 g Xn, N 7446-20-0 231-793-3
(heptahydrate)
a
The substances and preparations in Table 1 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the
national translations.
b
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
c
The classifications of the substances correspond to the most stringent self-classifications according to manufacturer's literature.
d
Only one of these substances shall be provided per set.
e
The chemical nomenclature is mainly based on IUPAC with the exceptions of the substances marked.
f
The following R- and S-phrases shall be given:
Clove oil: Risk phrase: R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact
Safety advice phrase: S24 Avoid contact with skin.
g
Only to be provided in sets intended for children over the age of 12 years.
h Xi and N apply to silver nitrate not its 1 % (m/V) aqueous solution.
i
Denatured alcohol (ethanol)
j
Xn and N apply to iodine, not to its ethanolic solution.
If indicators are supplied as solution, their solid contents shall not exceed the amounts specified in Table 2.
NOTE Non-bleeding indicators in books, pads or rolls are far below toxicological levels of concern and may be
supplied without any amount-limitations for indicators.
9
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 2 — Maximum amounts of indicators and labelling
b b
Chemical Max. amount per set Danger symbol(s)
CAS number EINECS number
substances / (see Figure 1)
a
preparation
c,d
1 g Xi 17372-87-1 241-409-6
Eosin
e e
Iodine (2,5 % (m/V) in 10 ml 7553-56-2 231-442-4
Xn , N
potassium iodide
2,5 % (m/V) aqueous
solution)
c
1 g − − −
Litmus blue
c
1 g − 1393-92-6 215-739-6
Litmus red
g
c, d, f
3 g Xi 521-31-3 208-309-4
Luminol (5 %
(m/m) mixture with
sodium sulfate)
c, d , f h
3 g 547-58-0 208-925-3
Methyl orange T
(20 % (m/m) sodium
sulfate mixture)
c, d
1 g Xn 61-73-4 200-515-2
Methylene blue
d
1 g Xi 143-74-8 205-609-7
Phenol red
Thymol blue 1 g − 76-61-9 200-973-3
Bleeding universal 1 pad − − −
c
indicator paper
a
The substances and preparations in Table 2 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the
national translations.
b
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
c
The chemical nomenclature is mainly based on IUPAC with the exceptions of the substances marked.
d
The classifications of the substances correspond to the most stringent self-classifications according to manufacturer’s literature.
e
Xn and N apply to iodine, not to its aqueous solution.
f The danger symbol applies to the substance and not to the mixtures.
g Xi applies to luminol not its 5 % (m/m) mixture with sodium sulfate.
h T applies to methyl orange not its 20 % (m/m) mixture with sodium sulfate (which is classified Xn).
10
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Table 3 — Maximum concentration of reagents not supplied with the set and labelling
a c
Reagent Maximum Danger CAS number EINECS
b c
concentration symbol number
mol/l
(see Figure 1)
Ammonia solution 2 Xi 1336-21-6 215-647-6
Hydrochloric acid 2 Xi 7647-01-0 231-595-7
d
Hydrogen peroxide 1 − 7722-84-1 231-765-0
Sodium hydroxide solution 1 C 1310-73-2 215-185-5
a
The reagents in Table 3 are listed in alphabetical order and may therefore be placed in different positions in the national
translations.
b
The indicated danger symbol is applicable to the reagent at its maximum permitted concentration.
c
Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number and European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number are
provided for information purposes only.
d The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is equivalent to a 3 % (V/V) solution.
11
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
Xn C Xi
Harmful Corrosive Irritant
F O T
Flammable Oxidising Toxic
N
Dangerous for the environment
Figure 1 — Danger symbols
NOTE These symbols are extracts from Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations
and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as
amended). The dimensions and colours of these symbols should comply with the requirements of Annex II to this directive
[3].
5 Equipment
5.1 General requirements
Chemistry sets shall be supplied with instructions for use (see Clause 8); a contents list with warnings and first
aid information (see Clause 7); the equipment necessary for carrying out the experiments described in the
instructions for use, eye protection (see 5.5); and if required a test tube stand (see 5.4).
Supplementary sets shall be supplied with a contents list as specified in Clause 7 and be marked in
accordance with 6.3.3.
All experiments described shall be evaluated by the manufacturer. In particular, it shall not be possible for
substances to be formed in amounts that are injurious to health.
12
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
NOTE Any known hazards arising from the use of the toy especially during the experiments should be detailed (e.g.
handling of chemicals, handling of glassware, retarded boiling point, back flow of barrier water into overheated glassware,
evolution of gases and handling of burners and other heating sources).
5.2 Containers and glassware
5.2.1 Test tubes
5.2.1.1 Sets in which test tubes are heated
In sets, where the instructions for use include chemical experiments in which test tubes are heated, all test
tubes shall be made of borosilicate glass in order to be heat resistant.
Glass test tubes intended to be heated shall have dimensions greater than 110 mm in length and 15 mm in
internal diameter.
Glass test tubes not intended to be heated e. g. not for chemical experiments may have dimensions not
greater than 90 mm in length and 12 mm in internal diameter.
Borosilicate glass shall be tested in accordance with 5.2.6.
5.2.1.2 Sets in which test tubes are not heated
In sets, where the instructions for use do not include chemical experiments in which test tubes are heated and
the glass tubes are not made of borosilicate glass, all test tubes shall be labelled in accordance with 6.2.
5.2.2 Other glassware
In sets, where the instructions for use include experiments in which glassware are heated, all glassware
intended to be heated shall be made of borosilicate glass in order to be heat resistant.
The above requirement does not apply to glass pipes intended to be heated for the purpose of bending.
Other glassware which is not intended to be heated but which by its appearance or shape could be construed
as being suitable for heating shall be labelled in accordance with 6.2.
Borosilicate glass shall be tested in accordance with 5.2.6.
5.2.3 Reagent containers
Containers for reagents shall differ in size and shape from laboratory glassware to avoid them being mistaken
as glassware for use in experiments.
All containers must hold out against shocks. They shall withstand the drop test specified in EN 71-1.
5.2.4 Closures
Closures shall comply with one of the following requirements:
they shall comply with EN ISO 8317;
they shall require two independent movements to be opened: a vertical force downwards and a torque in
the clockwise or anticlockwise direction (e.g. bayonet joint). When tested in accordance with A.1 (closure
test A), the closure shall not have opened;
13
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
they shall consist of a snap-in stopper and shall require an external tool to be opened. The closure shall
be able to be opened only by a specifically designed tool. When tested in accordance with A.2 (closure
test B), the closure shall not have opened.
In addition, closures for containers intended to be used for liquids shall not break, crack or leak when tested in
accordance with A.3 (closure test C).
NOTE It is the intention of the test to prevent younger children accessing materials contained in such products.
5.2.5 Empty containers
Empty containers intended for storage of reagents shall have a maximum volume of 50 ml and 100 ml,
respectively, in accordance with Table 4.
Table 4 — Maximum volume of the empty containers for reagents (see Table 3)
Reagent Maximum
volume of the empty container
ml
Ammonia solution 50
Hydrochloric acid 100
Hydrogen peroxide 100
Sodium hydroxide solution 100
5.2.6 Test method for borosilicate glass
5.2.6.1 General
Several methods exist to distinguish borosilicate glass, e. g. determination of density and refractive index. The
density method is given here:
5.2.6.2 Apparatus and reagent
5.2.6.2.1 25 ml pycnometer
5.2.6.2.2 water bath, capable of maintaining a temperature of (20 ± 1) °C
5.2.6.2.3 deionised water
5.2.6.2.4 analytical balance, precision 0,1 mg
5.2.6.3 Procedure
Weigh pycnometer (m ). Make sure that the fraction from the glass sample is clean. Place it in the pycnometer
0
and weigh the pycnometer (m ). Then fill up the pycnometer with water and place in water bath until the
2
contents equilibrate at 20 °C. Top up the pycnometer with water. Remove the pycnometer from water bath,
dry exterior and weigh (m ). Empty the pycnometer. Fill up the pycnometer with water and place in water bath
3
until the contents equilibrate at 20 °C. Top up the pycnometer with water, dry and weigh. Record the weight
(m ).
1
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kSIST prEN 71-4:2009
prEN 71-4:2009 (E)
(m −m )
2 0
g/cm³
ρ = ⋅ 0,9882
Glass
(m −m + m −m )
1 3 2 0
where
ρ is the density of the glass sample;
Glass
ρ = 0,9882 g/cm³ is the density of water at 20 °C;
Water(20°C)
m = mass of the empty pycnometer, in g;
0
m = mass of the pycnometer filled with water, in g;
1
m = mass of the pycnometer with the glass sample, in g;
2
m = mass of the pycnometer with glass sample and water, in g.
3
NOTE Reference densities for glass are:
()2,40± 0,05 g/cm³ sheet window
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