SIST EN 16753:2016
(Main)Gas cylinders - Periodic inspection and testing, in situ (without dismantling) of refillable seamless steel tubes of water capacity between 150 l and 3 000 l, used for compressed gases
Gas cylinders - Periodic inspection and testing, in situ (without dismantling) of refillable seamless steel tubes of water capacity between 150 l and 3 000 l, used for compressed gases
This European Standard specifies requirements for using a combination of appropriate in situ (without dismantling), Non-Destructive Examination (NDE) techniques [e.g. visual examination, Acoustic Emission Testing (AT) and Ultrasonic Testing (UT)] when periodically inspecting and testing of seamless steel tubes with a water capacity between 150 l and 3000 l, used for compressed gases for a further period of service.
This European Standard is applicable only to tubes installed in locations where attempting any removal from their containing superstructure would be hazardous or difficult (e.g. submarines, offshore installations), or where the downtime required to remove the tube would hinder safe operation of a plant or service (e.g. power generation, hospitals, advanced research applications and marine installations such as heave compensation systems on semi-submersible drilling rigs).
Battery vehicles e.g. designed to EN 13807 can be tested according to EN ISO 16148.
This Standard only applies to tube assemblies whose designs permit all necessary inspections stipulated herein.
Gasflaschen - Wiederkehrende Inspektion und Prüfung, im Einbauzustand (ohne Demontage), von wiederbefüllbaren nahtlosen Großflaschen aus Stahl mit einem Fassungsraum zwischen 150 l und 3 000 l für verdichtete Gase
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen für die Anwendung einer Kombination geeigneter Verfahren der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (ZfP) ohne Demontage im Einbauzustand [z. B. Sichtprüfung, Schallemissions-prüfung (AT) und Ultraschallprüfung (UT)] für die wiederkehrende Inspektion und Prüfung von nahtlosen Großflaschen aus Stahl mit einem Fassungsraum zwischen 150 l und 3 000 l fest, die für einen weiteren Betriebszeitraum mit verdichteten Gasen verwendet werden.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt ausschließlich für Großflaschen in Einbaulagen, bei denen der Versuch, sie aus der Rahmenkonstruktion zu entfernen, gefährlich oder schwierig wäre (z. B. U-Boote, Offshore-Anlagen) oder bei denen die für das Entfernen der Großflasche erforderliche Ausfallzeit den sicheren Betrieb eines Werks oder Dienstes behindern würde (z. B. Energieerzeugung, Krankenhäuser, fortgeschrittene Forschung und Meeresanlagen, wie z. B. Seegangskompensationseinrichtungen an Halbtaucher-Bohrinseln)
Batterie-Fahrzeuge, die beispielsweise nach EN 13807 ausgelegt sind, können nach EN ISO 16148 geprüft werden.
Diese Norm gilt ausschließlich für Großflaschenbaugruppen, deren Auslegung alle hierin festgelegten erforderlichen Prüfungen zulässt.
Bouteilles à gaz - Contrôles et essais périodiques sur site (sans démontage) des tubes en acier sans soudure rechargeables d'une contenance en eau de 150 l à 3 000 l, utilisés pour les gaz comprimés
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives à l'utilisation d'une combinaison de techniques appropriées d'examens non destructifs (END) sur site (sans démontage) [par exemple, examen visuel, essai d'émission acoustique et essai aux ultrasons] dans le cadre des contrôles et des essais périodiques pratiqués sur des tubes en acier sans soudure destinés au stockage des gaz comprimés, d'une contenance en eau comprise entre 150 l et 3 000 l, en vue d'une nouvelle période d'utilisation.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique qu'aux tubes installés dans des emplacements où toute tentative de retrait de la superstructure les intégrant s'avèrerait dangereuse ou difficile (par exemple, tubes sous-marins, installations offshore) ou lorsque le temps d'arrêt nécessaire au retrait du tube compromettrait la sécurité du fonctionnement d'une installation ou la délivrance d'un service (par exemple, production d'énergie, hôpitaux, applications de recherche de pointe et installations marines, tels que les compensateurs de pilonnement des plateformes de forage semi-submersibles).
Les véhicules-batteries, par exemple ceux conçus selon l'EN 13807, peuvent être soumis à essai conformément à l'EN ISO 16148.
La présente norme ne s'applique qu'aux assemblages de tubes dont la conception permet d'effectuer tous les contrôles nécessaires stipulés dans ladite norme.
Plinske jeklenke - Periodični pregledi in preskusi ponovno polnjivih velikih jeklenk iz celega iz jekla za stisnjene pline s prostornino od 150 do 3000 l na mestu obratovanja (brez demontaže)
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za uporabo kombinacije ustreznih (brez demontaže) neporušitvenih preiskovalnih tehnik (NDE) [npr. vizualna preiskava, preskušanje akustičnih emisij (AT) in ultrazvočno preskušanje (UT)] pri periodičnem pregledovanju in preskušanju nevarjenih jeklenih cevi z vodno prostornino 150–3000 l, ki se uporabljajo za stisnjene pline za nadaljnjo uporabo.
Ta evropski standard se uporablja le za cevi, ki so vgrajene na mestih, kjer bi bil kakršen koli poskus njihove odstranitve iz celotne strukture nevaren ali težak (npr. podmornice, plavajoči objekti) ali kjer bi čas izpada zaradi odstranitve cevi oviral varno delovanje obrata ali storitve (npr. proizvajanje energije, bolnišnice, napredne raziskovalne aplikacije in pomorski objekti, kot so sistemi za kompenzacijo potiska na polpotopnih naftnih ploščadih).
Baterijska vozila, npr. zasnovana v skladu s standardom EN 13807, je mogoče preskušati v skladu s standardom EN ISO 16148.
Ta standard se uporablja samo za sestave cevi, katerih zasnove omogočajo vse potrebne preglede, ki so predpisani tukaj.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gasflaschen - Wiederkehrende Inspektion und Prüfung, im Einbauzustand (ohne Demontage), von wiederbefüllbaren nahtlosen Großflaschen aus Stahl mit einem Fassungsraum zwischen 150 l und 3 000 l für verdichtete GaseBouteilles à gaz - Contrôles et essais périodiques sur site (sans démontage) des tubes en acier sans soudure rechargeables d'une contenance en eau de 150 l à 3 000 l, utilisés pour les gaz comprimésGas cylinders - Periodic inspection and testing, in situ (without dismantling) of refillable seamless steel tubes of water capacity between 150 l and 3 000 l, used for compressed gases23.020.35Plinske jeklenkeGas cylindersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16753:2016SIST EN 16753:2016en,fr,de01-november-2016SIST EN 16753:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16753:2016
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16753
June
t r s x ICS
t uä r t rä u r English Version
Gas cylinders æ Periodic inspection and testingá in situ water capacity between
s w r l and
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r r r lá used for compressed gases Bouteilles à gaz æ Contrôles et essais pßriodiques sur rechargeables d 5une contenance en eau de
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r r r lá utilisßs pour les gaz comprimßs
Gasflaschen æ Wiederkehrende Inspektion und Prüfungá wiederbefüllbaren nahtlosen Großflaschen aus Stahl mit einem Fassungsraum zwischen
s w r l und
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r r r l für verdichtete Gase This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s w April
t r s xä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x y w uã t r s x ESIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Operational principles . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Pre-inspection site visit . 8 4.3 On-site inspection . 8 4.3.1 General . 8 4.3.2 Visual examination . 9 4.3.3 Acoustic emission testing . 9 4.3.4 Hydraulic testing . 9 4.3.5 Supplementary tests . 9 5 NDE personnel qualification . 10 6 Marking . 10 7 Certification/Report . 10 8 Rendering tubes unserviceable . 11 Annex A (normative)
Description, evaluation of defects and conditions for rejection of refillable seamless steel pressure vessels (tubes) at the time of visual inspection . 12 A.1 General . 12 A.2 Physical or material defects . 12 A.3 Corrosion . 12 A.3.1 General . 12 A.3.2 Corrosion types . 13 A.3.3 Rejection criteria . 13 Annex B (informative)
Procedure for the examination of refillable seamless steel pressure vessels (tubes) using acoustic emission (AE) techniques . 14 B.1 General . 14 B.2 Equipment . 14 B.3 Safety . 14 B.4 Method . 15 B.4.1 General . 15 B.4.2 Procedure. 15 B.5 Real-time evaluation criteria . 16 B.6 Test report . 17 Annex C (informative)
Recommended time intervals for certain commonly contained gases . 19 Annex D (informative)
Pre–inspection site survey checklist / questionnaire . 20 D.1 General . 20 D.2 Regulation . 20 D.3 Product . 20 D.3.1 Pressure Vessels (Tubes) . 20 SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 3 D.3.2 Fittings / Ancillary items . 20 D.3.3 Supports / Mountings . 21 D.4 Installation . 21 D.4.1 Suitable access . 21 D.4.2 Test technique . 21 D.5 Risk analysis . 21 Bibliography . 23
SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16753:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 23 "Transportable gas cylinders", the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 5 Introduction A number of seamless steel pressure vessels designed and manufactured in a similar way as tubes, as referred to in ADR are used for applications other than the transport of gases, e.g. Ice Breaking Emergency Evacuation Vessels (IBEEV), Diving Support Vessels (DSV), power generation, hospitals, advanced research applications and marine installations such as heave compensation systems on semi-submersible drilling rigs, etc. This European Standard is applicable only to seamless steel pressure vessels installed in locations where attempting any removal from their containing superstructure would be hazardous or difficult or where the downtime required to remove the tube would hinder a continuous operation of a plant or service. This European Standard provides information and procedures for the periodic inspection and testing of such refillable seamless steel vessels (tubes). Many of these vessels installed in various installations are certified by the manufacturer to meet the requirements of EN ISO 11120 and are designed to store compressed and liquefied gases. Other design standards are also in use. An example of a similar approach to that adopted in this standard is that for compressed natural gas (CNG) cylinders installed on-board automobile vehicles which is described in ISO
s { r y z. This standard is intended to be used under a variety of regulatory regimes. In case of conflict, the applicable regulation takes precedence. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for using a combination of appropriate in situ (without dismantling), non-destructive examination (NDE) techniques, for example visual examination, acoustic emission testing [AT] and ultrasonic testing [UT] when periodically inspecting and testing seamless steel pressure vessels (tubes) with a water capacity between 150 l and 3 000 l, used for compressed and liquefied gases for a further period of service. This European Standard is applicable only to pressure vessels (tubes) installed in locations where attempting any removal from their containing superstructure would be hazardous, or where the downtime required to remove them would hinder a continuous operation of a plant or service. This European Standard does not apply to pressure receptacles used for the transport of gases as described under the TPED. This European Standard only applies to pressure vessel (tube) assemblies where the designs permit all necessary inspections stipulated. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN
s { x z:2002, Transportable gas cylinders — Periodic inspection and testing of seamless steel gas cylinders EN ISO
{ y s t, Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712) EN ISO
s u y x {, Gas cylinders — Stamp marking (ISO 13769) EN ISO 16148, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes — Acoustic emission examination (AT) and follow-up ultrasonic examination (UT) for periodic inspection and testing (ISO 16148) EN ISO 25760, Gas cylinders — Operational procedures for the safe removal of valves from gas cylinders (ISO 25760) ISO 6406:2005, Gas cylinders — Seamless steel gas cylinders — Periodic inspection and testing 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 acoustic emission (AE) activity number of bursts (or events if the appropriate conditions are fulfilled) detected during a test or part test 3.2 flow noise acoustic emission events caused by the action of pressurizing the vessel and not by any structural flaws within it Note 1 to entry: This can be reduced by slowing the fill rate and/or filtering out such emissions electronically within the AE recording equipment. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 7 3.3 acoustic emission test pressure maximum pressure at which acoustic testing is performed 3.4 working pressure settled pressure of a compressed gas at a uniform reference temperature of 15 °C in a full gas cylinder Note 1 to entry: See EN ISO 10286. 3.5 Kaiser effect absence of detectable acoustic emission until the previous maximum applied load level has been exceeded 4 Operational principles 4.1 General The periodic inspection and test shall comprise a pre-inspection site visit followed by an on-site inspection. The maximum time interval for the periodic inspection should be as stipulated in the national regulations for the gas concerned. In the absence of such regulations, the time intervals for the gas concerned are given in Annex C. Where other organizations/institutions stipulate a shorter time interval, this shall be complied with. The applicable time interval shall be included in the written scheme of examination. At all times, the safety of all personnel in the vicinity of the installation shall be taken into account. The techniques used to evaluate the tube condition within the installation may include: a) hydraulic pressure testing (see EN
s { x z); b) acoustic emission testing (see EN ISO 16148); c) internal and external visual examination (see EN
s { x z); d) ultrasonic thickness survey (see EN
s { x z); e) ultrasonic flaw detection (see EN
s { x z); f) magnetic particle testing (see EN ISO
{ { u v-1); g) radiographic testing (see EN ISO
w w y {); h) eddy current testing (see EN ISO 15548 (all parts)); i) hardness testing (see EN ISO
{ z r {-1). At the discretion of the competent person employed for the task, other appropriate test techniques may be used, e.g. dye penetrant. Indication of any anomaly in the tube(s) under test that are revealed at the time of the in situ inspection shall be evaluated using a different technique to be able to quantify (location and frequency) and size any possible imperfection. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 8 4.2 Pre-inspection site visit Prior to any tests taking place, a pre-inspection visit to the site of the tube installation shall be undertaken to gather all the necessary information to ensure that an appropriate set of tests are performed for the installation and the suitability of the tube to be examined without dismantling. To ensure that the installation itself and any areas of concern related to it are understood, the site owner/operator shall complete a questionnaire before the pre-inspection visit. The pre-inspection visit shall, as a minimum, identify and record: a) the application of the tube to be examined/tested (e.g. submersible, a static storage service [offshore or on-shore], used in a diving application); b) the manufacturing standard/specification of the tube to be examined; c) details of the tube installation including at least: 1) the feasibility of conducting an in situ test at the desired location without dismantling e.g. post hydraulic testing to ensure that all water can be eliminated (see Annex D); 2) a listing of any applicable local regulations that apply to the in situ installation; 3) the nature of the gas contained; 4) the pressure rating(s) of the tube(s) to be examined; 5) the pipework configuration, and its pressure rating, leading to and from the tube (if relevant); 6) the type of any valve, pressure control device, ancillary item (e.g. pressure gauge) and their pressure ratings fitted to the tube or its pipework (if relevant); 7) the pressure rating and relief valve setting of the compressor (if relevant); 8) the design characteristics of the pressure vessel (tube) and associated installation to be inspected to withstand the acoustic emission test pressure/hydraulic test pressure;
the environmental conditions at the test site (e.g. noise and vibration levels); and 10) a location-based risk analysis (see Annex D). If the collected information does not allow the use of this European Standard, such tube(s) shall not be tested and the owner informed accordingly. 4.3 On-site inspection 4.3.1 General Having gathered and analysed the data from the pre-inspection site visit (see 4.2), the most suitable test method(s) for the particular tube installation under consideration shall be selected. The selected methods shall form the basis of a written scheme of examination for the installation being inspected. At all times the inspection work shall be carried out in accordance with the appropriate written procedures(s) for the test(s) to be performed. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 9 Periodic inspection and testing shall comprise, as a minimum, of: a)
a visual examination (see 4.3.2) of all accessible external surfaces, internal surfaces and an acoustic emission test (see 4.3.3) coupled with any other tests deemed necessary; or b)
a visual examination (see 4.3.2) of all accessible external surfaces, internal surfaces and a hydraulic test (see 4.3.4) coupled with any other tests deemed necessary. If it is found that the tube surface coating is unsatisfactory for a further period of use, it shall be brought to the attention of the tube owner for further appropriate action to remedy the situation. Once the tube(s) has failed one of the above mentioned tests, none of the other test methods shall be applied to approve the tube(s). If at any stage of the inspection process the valve/plug/adaptor/pressure control device within the tube needs to be removed, this shall be done in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 25760. 4.3.2 Visual examination All external visual examinations (see Annex A) shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of EN
s { x z:2002, Annex C (additional information can be found in ISO/TR 16115). All internal visual examinations shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of EN
s { x z:2002, Annex C (additional information can be found in ISO/TR 16115). All signs of corrosion and any form of mechanical damage shall be carefully investigated. Where necessary, additional equipment (e.g. a video camera or an endoscope) shall be used to help clarify and interpret the initial observations. 4.3.3 Acoustic emission testing AT shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 16148 (an examination procedure using AT is described in Annex B). 4.3.4 Hydraulic testing Hydraulic testing shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of EN
s { x z:2002, 10.2. 4.3.5 Supplementary tests Where there is doubt about the type and/or severity of any imperfection identified by the tests in 4.3.2 to 4.3.4, additional test(s) shall be conducted to supplement or clarify the results obtained (e.g. UT, magnetic particle testing, radiographic testing, eddy current testing, hardness testing). Where particular parts of the tube are inspected using UT, the relevant requirements of ISO 6406:2005, 11.4 shall be met. Corrosion mapping or flaw detection may be used to further evaluate imperfection distribution. NOTE Corrosion mapping is a pulse-echo ultrasonic technique that produces a colour graphic image of the area scanned. It involves scanning with one or more straight beam probes using a prescribed, dual axis scan pattern over the tube surface whilst taking thickness measurements. The measurements are converted into digital values, which are colour-coded to create a topographic map of the tube wall thickness profile. Images (C-scans) from individual scan areas can be assembled together to create a composite image covering large areas of the tube surface. The thickness profile of the corroded area can be evaluated at the time of the test and/or can be stored and used to monitor future surface degradation. Eddy current testing (ET) may be used as part of the overall programme for tube examination and verification. The requirements for the examination, verification and equipment used for this technique are specified in EN ISO 15548 (all parts). SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 10 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) may be used as part of the overall programme for the evaluation and detection of surface breaking and slightly sub-surface discontinuities within the tube. The general principles for this technique are given in EN ISO
{ { u v-1. 5 NDE personnel qualification Personnel supervising NDT work shall be certified to at least Level II in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO
{ y12. A person at least qualified to the requirements of Level 1 of EN ISO
{ y s t shall set up the test and provide data to the Level 2 person. 6 Marking After satisfactory completion of the periodic inspection and test programme the shoulder of the pressure vessel (tube), where accessible, shall be stamp-marked with the test date and the inspector’s mark (see EN ISO
s u y x {). Under no circumstances shall the cylindrical section of the pressure vessel (tube) be hard-stamped. Where the pressure vessel (tube) shoulder cannot be stamped, the nearest position to it where damage is unlikely to occur or the information unlikely to be rendered illegible shall be stamped. Where it is not possible to stamp the tube, other techniques shall be used to mark the information (e.g. installing a data plate or paint stencilling) or the information may be presented on another integral part of the installation, but as close as possible to the tube shoulder. 7 Certification/Report A test certificate/report shall be signed by the competent person and issued to the operator and/or owner. The test certificate/report shall at least include: a) the serial number(s) of the pressure vessel(s) (tube(s)) examined; b) a description of the installation to include, where possible, photographic evidence (e.g. site details, pressure vessel (tube) installation and its/their position within the site); c) the test date (day/month/year); d) details of all tests performed and their outcomes; e) a listing of all standards and parameters used during the course of the tests/examinations (e.g. pressures applied, equipment used); f) the design standard of the pressure vessel (tube); g) a listing of any deviations from the test/examination protocols used; h) a listing of any deviations that have been identified but not deemed sufficient for the tube to fail the test; and i) the date of next test (the elapsed period between tests may be shortened if any deviations are observed during the course of the test programme). SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 11 8 Rendering tubes unserviceable The decision to reject a tube may be taken at any stage during the periodic inspection and test procedure. If it is not possible to recover a rejected pressure vessel (tube), it shall (after notifying the owner) be made unserviceable for holding gas under pressure so that it is impossible for any part of the pressure vessel (tube), especially the shoulder, to be re-issued into service. Once a pressure vessel (tube) has been rejected and after ensuring it is empty and free of gas, it shall be rendered unserviceable by, for example: a) crushing (preferably in the shoulder area); b) burning an irregular hole in the top dome equivalent in area to approximately 10 % of its area or, in the case of a thin-walled pressure vessel (tube), piercing it in at least three places; c) cutting the neck in an irregular fashion; d) cutting it, including the shoulder, into two or more irregular pieces; e) bursting it in a safe manner. The actual rendering of the pressure vessel (tube) to be made unserviceable shall be confirmed by the competent person either on site or at a later date, e.g. photographic evidence. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 12 Annex A (normative)
Description, evaluation of defects and conditions for rejection of refillable seamless steel pressure vessels (tubes) at the time of visual inspection A.1 General Defects can be physical, material or due to corrosion (e.g. as a result of environmental or service conditions to which the tube has been subjected during its life). This annex gives general guidelines regarding the application of rejection criteria. Due to the nature of the examinations performed, it might not be always possible to see all the stamp markings (e.g. due to an abnormally thick coating of paint necessary for operating conditions). Such an omission is not a parameter for rejecting a tube. Defects in the form of a sharp notch may be repaired using a controlled method (e.g. grinding or machining). After any repair using a metal removal technique, the tube wall thickness shall be checked (e.g. ultrasonically). The remaining wall thickness shall be at least equal to the minimum guaranteed wall thickness. A.2 Physical or material defects The types of defect included in this category are, but are not limited to: a) dents; b) cut or gouges; c) cracks; d) fire damage; e) arc or torch burns; and f) suspicious marks. Evaluation of physical or material defects shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN
s { x z (additional information can be found in ISO/TR 16115). Attachments (e.g. foot-rings/supports) which could result in crevice corrosion shall be inspected to ensure they are suitable for their intended purpose. A.3 Corrosion A.3.1 General Tubes can be subjected to environmental conditions that could cause external corrosion and in-service conditions that could result in internal corrosion. There is difficulty in presenting definite rejection limits in tabular form for all sizes and types of tube and their service conditions. Rejection limits are usually established as a result of considerable field experience. SIST EN 16753:2016
EN 16753:2016 (E) 13 Extensive experience and judgment are required in evaluating whether tubes that have corroded internally are safe and suitable for return to service. Where necessary, it is important that the tube internal surface is cleaned of corrosion products prior to inspection (e.g. mechanical flailing, shot blasting). A.3.2 Corrosion types Typical corrosion types are: a) general; b) local; c) chain or line pitting; and d) isolated pits or crevices. A.3.3 Rejection criteria Rejection criteria ar
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