SIST EN 48:2005
(Main)Wood preservatives - Determination of eradicant action against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method)
Wood preservatives - Determination of eradicant action against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method)
This document specifies a method for the determination of the eradicant action of a wood preservative against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer).
This method is applicable to:
3 organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; or
3 organic water-dispersible formulations as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; or
3 water-soluble materials, for example.
Holzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der bekämpfenden Wirkung gegenüber Larven von Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (Laboratoriumsverfahren)
Diese Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der bekämpfenden Wirkung eines Holzschutzmittels gegenüber Larven von Anobium punctatum (De Geer) fest.
Dieses Verfahren ist anwendbar auf:
- organische Formulierungen in deren Anlieferungszustand oder in Form von im Laboratorium hergestellten Verdünnungen von Konzentraten; oder
- organische, in Wasser dispergierbare Formulierungen in deren Anlieferungszustand oder in Form von im Laboratorium hergestellten Verdünnungen von Konzentraten; oder
- wasserlösliche Stoffe, zum Beispiel Salze.
Produits de préservation du bois - Détermination de l'action curative contre les larves d'Anobium punctatum (de Geer) (Méthode de laboratoire)
Le présent document décrit une méthode de détermination de l'action curative d'un produit de préservation du bois contre les larves d'Anobium punctatum (De Geer).
Cette méthode s'applique :
- aux formulations organiques telles qu'elles sont fournies ou préparées au laboratoire par dilution de concentrés ; ou
- aux formulations organiques hydrodispersables telles qu'elles sont fournies ou préparées au laboratoire par dilution de concentrés ; ou
- aux produits hydrosolubles, par exemple des sels.
Zaščitna sredstva za les - Ugotavljanje učinkovitosti zatiranja ličink navadnega trdoglavca Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (Laboratorijska metoda)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 48:2005
01-julij-2005
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 48:1996
=DãþLWQDVUHGVWYD]DOHV8JRWDYOMDQMHXþLQNRYLWRVWL]DWLUDQMDOLþLQNQDYDGQHJD
WUGRJODYFD$QRELXPSXQFWDWXP 'H*HHU /DERUDWRULMVNDPHWRGD
Wood preservatives - Determination of eradicant action against larvae of Anobium
punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method)
Holzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der bekämpfenden Wirkung gegenüber Larven von
Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (Laboratoriumsverfahren)
Produits de préservation du bois - Détermination de l'action curative contre les larves
d'Anobium punctatum (de Geer) (Méthode de laboratoire)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 48:2005
ICS:
71.100.50 .HPLNDOLMH]D]DãþLWROHVD Wood-protecting chemicals
SIST EN 48:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 48
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2005
ICS 71.100.50 Supersedes EN 48:1988
English version
Wood preservatives - Determination of eradicant action against
larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method)
Produits de préservation des bois - Détermination de Holzschutzmittel - Bestimmung der bekämpfenden
l'action curative contre les larves d'Anobium punctatum (De Wirkung gegenüber Larven von Anobium punctatum (De
Geer) (Méthode de laboratoire) Geer) (Laboratoriumsverfahren)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 48:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative reference .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle.5
5 Test material.6
6 Sampling.8
7 Test specimens.8
8 Procedure .10
9 Expression of results .14
10 Test report .14
Annex A (informative) Example of a test report .16
Annex B (informative) Differentiation of the heartwood and sapwood in Pinus species .20
Annex C (informative) Precautions against mite infestation .21
Annex D (informative) Culturing technique for Anobium punctatum .22
Annex E (informative) Environmental, health and safety precautions within chemical/biological
laboratory .25
Bibliography .26
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 48:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and
wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2005.
This document supersedes EN 48:1988.
Significant technical differences between this document and EN 48:1988 are as follows:
a) introduction of a new harmonised specification for the test specimens used in the diverse biological tests;
b) acknowledgement of the terms given in EN 1001-1;
c) introduction of an informative Annex to take account of consideration for minimisation of environmental and
health hazards caused by the use of this biological test.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
Introduction
This document describes a laboratory method of testing which gives a basis for the assessment of the eradicant
action of a wood preservative against Anobium punctatum. It allows the determination of the lethal effect of a
surface application of the preservative on a population of larvae already established in the test specimens.
The method simulates conditions in practice where a length of wood such as an affected stair tread is treated,
which is still free from exit holes and in which certain of the faces are inaccessible, thus constituting severe test
conditions.
This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the value of a product can be assessed. In making this
assessment the methods by which the preservative may be applied should be taken into account. It is further
recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests, and above
all by comparison with practical experience.
When products which are very active at low concentrations are used it is very important to take suitable precautions
to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood,
laboratory apparatus and clothing. Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within
rooms, extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and special training for personnel. (see also Annex E for
environmental, health and safety precautions).
.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the eradicant action of a wood preservative against the
larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer).
This method is applicable to:
organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates; or
organic water-dispersible formulations as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates;
or
water-soluble materials, for example.
2 Normative references
The following referenced document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
representative sample
sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total
volume being sampled
3.2
supplier
sponsor of the test (person or company providing the sample of wood preservative to be tested)
4 Principle
Insertion of larvae of Anobium punctatum into one or more sets of test specimens of a susceptible wood species.
After establishing the larvae, treatment of these test specimens by brushing or spreading of the preservative.
After the time necessary for the preservative to take effect, estimation of the mortality of the larvae compared with
that in untreated control test specimens.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
5 Test material
5.1 Biological material
5.1.1 General
Anobium punctatum (De Geer) larvae.
5.1.2 Source of larvae
Obtain the larvae from cultures reared as described in Annex D.
Cut up this wood and extract the larvae in an area separate from the test environments (5.3.1 to 5.3.3) so as to
avoid the risk of introducing mites.
Prepare the storage blocks from Scots pine sapwood of dimensions (50 x 25 x 15) mm, each with 10 evenly
spaced holes (see 8.1) drilled into one of the wide longitudinal faces with the drill (5.3.4).
Before inserting the larvae into the storage blocks, keep them overnight in small glass receptacles.
Then sort the larvae into small, medium and large sizes.
1)
Do not use the large larvae, with a mass greater than 5 mg, for this test .
The larvae shall be distributed as evenly as possible according to their mass. For example, for a single test the
216 larvae shall be distributed in 18 groups each of 12 larvae; the mean mass of the larvae in each group shall be
2)
approximately 3,5 mg .
Examine all the other larvae under a binocular microscope and destroy those which are damaged or infested with
mites, keeping only those that are in perfect condition.
Insert the small and medium larvae into separate sets of storage blocks, placing each larva head first into a drilled
hole.
Keep these filled storage blocks, holes uppermost, in glass containers covered with filter paper fixed with adhesive.
Keep the larvae in the storage blocks in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) for not less than 2 months before using them
in a test.
5.1.3 Provision of larvae
Carefully split the storage blocks, extract the larvae and examine them under a binocular microscope. Destroy any
larvae that show injury or mite infestation, or that do not respond by movement when touched. It is particularly
important to avoid including mite-infested larvae (see Annex C).
1)
Keep those larvae that are between 2 mg and 5 mg in mass and in perfect condition overnight, separate from
another, in clean receptacles in the culturing chamber (5.3.1).
Then re-examine them, and again reject any which do not show normal movements.
1) Experienced operators can judge the sizes well enough by eye.
2) The mass may be judged by eye by comparison with larvae of known mass.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
5.1.4 Choice of larvae
The larvae used in the test shall be between 2 mg and 5 mg in mass, and the 12 larvae placed in each test
2)
specimen shall have a mean mass of approximately 3,5 mg .
The numbers of larvae required are indicated in Table 1.
Table 1 — Number of larvae and test specimens
Type of test specimen Number of preservative Number of test specimens Number of larvae
concentrations or
methods of treatment
Treated test specimen
Softwood 1 6 72
2 12 144
3 18 216
Hardwood 1 6 72
2 12 144
3 18 216
Untreated control test specimen
Softwood 1 3 36
2 3 36
3 6 72
Hardwood 1 3 36
2 3 36
3 6 72
Total for one preservative with one concentration and method of treatment 216
Total for two preservatives with one concentration and method of treatment 360
Total for three preservatives with one concentration and method of treatment 576
5.2 Products and reagents
5.2.1 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant faces of test specimens to be treated with solutions in which water is
the continuous phase.
NOTE Paraffin wax with a setting range from 52 °C to 54 °C has been found to be suitable.
5.2.2 Gelatin, for sealing the relevant faces of test specimens to be treated with solutions in which an organic
solvent is the continuous phase.
5.2.3 Water, complying with grade 3 of EN ISO 3696.
5.3 Apparatus
5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation, controlled at (21 ± 2) °C, and at relative humidity (80 ± 5) %.
5.3.2 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where treatment of the test specimens is carried out.
CAUTION — It is essential to follow safety procedures for handling flammable and toxic materials. Avoid
excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their vapours.
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
5.3.3 Testing chamber, with conditions identical to those of the culturing chamber (see 5.3.1).
5.3.4 Drill, provided with a bit capable of drilling cylindrical or conical holes as specified in 8.1.
5.3.5 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate for the test product and the test solvent, to
ensure the safety of the operator.
5.3.6 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including two balances capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g.
5.3.7 X-ray apparatus, (optional) with tungsten target and beryllium window, with voltage and current
continuously variable in the ranges:
voltage: 10 kV to 50 kV;
current: 0 mA to 15 mA.
5.3.8 Protective gloves
6 Sampling
The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested. Samples shall be stored and
handled in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier.
NOTE For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used.
7 Test specimens
7.1 Species of wood
The reference species are:
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus);
beech (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus).
NOTE Additional tests may be carried out using other species but if so, this should be stated in the test report.
7.2 Quality of wood
Use only sound wood, straight-grained without knots. For Scots pine only, sapwood with a low resin content shall
be used and for beech, wood free from 'red-heart'.
Cut the test specimens from wood of average growth rate (2,5 to 8 annual rings per 10 mm for pine, 2 to 6 annual
rings per 10 mm for beech).
The proportion of summer wood in the annual rings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole in the case of pine.
3)
The wood shall neither have been floated nor subjected to any chemical or heat treatment . It shall be air dried
and shall not have been stored for more than 5 years.
3) Gentle artificial drying at below 60 °C is, however, permitted.
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
7.3 Provision of test specimens
Cut the test specimens from scantlings or beams so that on the transverse cross section, the annual growth rings
form an angle of (45 ± 10)° with the longitudinal faces (see Figure 1).
The test specimens shall be planed very carefully.
Avoid using test specimens from the butt or crown of the tree. Take the specimens for a test from three trees. Test
specimens taken from the same tree shall be similar; they are considered such when the regions from which they
are taken in the direction of the grain of the wood are not more than 1 m apart.
See Figure 2 for the selection and distribution of test specimens.
7.4 Dimensions of test specimens
The nominal dimensions of each test specimen measured at 12 % (m/m) moisture content shall be
(100 x 50 x 30) mm.
2
The total surface area of the faces exposed to treatment is theoretically 100 cm .
Check the size of each test specimen to determine the actual area treated. Allow for any possible encroachment of
the sealing compound on to the treated faces of the test specimen.
Figure 1 — Origin and cutting of the test specimen
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
Key
a Number of products to be tested or concentrations or treatment methods
b Trees
c Untreated control test specimen AB
d Untreated control test specimen CD
Figure 2 — Number and distribution of test specimens taken from three different trees
of the same species
7.5 Number of test specimens
Use for each preservative, each concentration, each method of treatment and each species of wood:
six treated test specimens (two per tree);
three untreated control test specimens (one per tree).
If the examination involves at the same time, several preservative concentrations or methods of treatment,
three untreated control test specimens are sufficient for each series of 12 treated test specimens.
8 Procedure
8.1 Exposure of test specimens to insects
Keep all the test specimens in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) for 2 weeks before drilling the holes to take the larvae.
4)
Drill (5.3.4) six cylindrical holes approximately 5 mm deep or six conical holes approximately 7,5 mm deep in the
two transverse cross sections of each test specimen.
4) Ensure that the holes have smooth walls to prevent damage to the larvae.
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
Drill a pattern of holes in two lines of three 10 mm from the large faces of the test specimen with a distance
between the holes in the same row of 15 mm and a distance between the two rows of 10 mm (see Figure 3).
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Conical hole
2 Cylindrical hole
Figure 3 — Dimensions of test specimens and arrangement of holes on the transverse cross sections
Determine the diameter of the holes according to the mass of the larvae from Table 2.
Insert the selected larvae head first into the 12 holes of each of the six treated test specimens and the three control
test specimens.
Table 2 — Diameter of holes
Mass of larvae Approximate hole diameter
mg mm
2 to 2,9 1,2
3 to 3,9 1,4
4 to 5,0 1,6
Seal the entrances to the holes by means of a glass plate and fix this to the test specimen by means of a narrow
5)
adhesive tape .
Keep the test specimens in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) for 12 weeks, placing them on their wide faces. During
this period, the larvae should start tunnelling during the first 2 weeks or 3 weeks. Replace any larvae which do not
start boring.
5) It is also possible to insert the larvae in two stages. First, larvae are inserted in one end only of each test specimen and the
test specimens are left for one week with the ends containing the larvae uppermost. After one week, the test specimens are
inverted and the larvae are inserted into the second end.
11
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN 48:2005
EN 48:2005 (E)
6)
Avoid any lowering of temperature for the stored larvae and those introduced int
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.