SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
Fire hazard testing - Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent - General guidance (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
Fire hazard testing - Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent - General guidance (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
This part of IEC 60695 provides guidance on the factors which affect the toxic hazard from fires involving electrotechnical products, and provides information on the methodologies recommended by ISO TC 92 (SC 3) for estimating and reducing the toxic hazard from fires, as expressed in ISO 19706, ISO 13344 and ISO 13571. There is no single test to realistically assess toxic hazard in fires. Small-scale toxic potency tests are not capable on their own of assessing the toxic hazard in fires. Current toxicity tests attempt to measure the toxic potency of a laboratory generated fire effluent. Toxic potency should not be confused with toxic hazard. This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr - Teil 7-1: Toxizität von Rauch und/oder Brandgasen - Allgemeiner Leitfaden (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 7-1: Toxicité des effluents du feu - Lignes directrices générales (CEI 60695-7-1:2010)
La CEI 60695-7-1:2010 fournit des lignes directrices sur les facteurs qui affectent le danger toxique des feux impliquant des produits électrotechniques, et fournit des informations sur les méthodologies recommandées par le TC 92 (SC 3) de l'ISO concernant l'estimation et la réduction du danger toxique des incendies, tel qu'exprimé dans l'ISO 19706, dans l'ISO 13344 et dans l'ISO 13571. Il n'y a pas d'essai unique pour évaluer de façon réaliste le danger toxique des incendies. Les essais de potentiel toxique à petite échelle ne sont pas capables en eux-mêmes d'évaluer le danger toxique des incendies. Les essais de toxicité actuels tentent de mesurer le potentiel toxique d'un effluent du feu généré en laboratoire. Il convient de ne pas confondre potentiel toxique et danger toxique. Les principales modifications par rapport à l'édition précédente sont:< - modifications rédactionnelles et techniques mineures dans toute la norme; - les références à la série ISO 9122 ont été supprimées et l'ensemble du texte a été mis à jour; - les définitions ont été mises à jour, conformément à l'ISO/CEI 13943:2008; - le volume de dispersion est spécifié comme étant un paramètre important dans l'évaluation du danger toxique; - le Tableau 2 a été mis à jour; - les Figures 1 et 2 ont été mises à jour. Ce document a le statut d'une publication fondamentale de sécurité, conformément au Guide CEI 104 et au Guide ISO/CEI 51.
Preskušanje požarne ogroženosti - 7-1. del: Toksičnost dimnih plinov - Splošno navodilo (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
Ta del IEC 60695 podaja navodila glede dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na nevarnost zastrupitve (zaradi požarov, pri katerih so vključeni elektrotehnični izdelki, ter podaja informacije glede metodologij, ki jih priporoča ISO TC 92 (SC 3) za ocenjevanje in zmanjševanje nevarnosti zastrupitve zaradi požara, kot so navedene v ISO 19706, ISO 13344 in ISO 13571. Ne obstaja en sam preskus, ki bi stvarno ocenil nevarnost zastrupitve pri požarih. Preskusi učinkovitosti strupa v majhnem obsegu sami ne zadoščajo za ocenjevanje nevarnosti zastrupitve pri požaru. Trenutni preskusi toksičnosti si prizadevajo meriti učinkovitost strupa, ki nastane pri požaru, ustvarjenem v laboratoriju. Učinkovitosti strupa se ne sme mešati z nevarnostjo zastrupitve. Ta osnovna varnostna publikacija je namenjena uporabi s strani tehničnih odborov pri pripravi standardov v skladu z načeli, opredeljenimi v IEC Guide 104 in ISO/IEC Guide 51. Ena od odgovornosti tehničnega odbora je, če je primerno, uporabiti osnovne varnostne publikacije pri pripravi svojih publikacij. Zahteve, preskusne metode ali preskusni pogoji te osnovne varnostne publikacije se ne uporabljajo, razen če se ustrezne publikacije nanje izrecno sklicujejo ali jih vključujejo.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr - Teil 7-1: Toxizität von Rauch und/oder Brandgasen - Allgemeiner Leitfaden (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 7-1: Toxicité des effluents du feu - Lignes directrices générales (CEI 60695-7-1:2010)Fire hazard testing - Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent - General guidance (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)29.020Elektrotehnika na splošnoElectrical engineering in general13.220.40Sposobnost vžiga in obnašanje materialov in proizvodov pri gorenjuIgnitability and burning behaviour of materials and productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 60695-7-1:2010SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010en01-september-2010SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 60695-7-1:20051DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60695-7-1 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2010
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2010 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60695-7-1:2010 E
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 Supersedes EN 60695-7-1:2004
English version
Fire hazard testing -
Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent -
General guidance (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu -
Partie 7-1: Toxicité des effluents du feu - Lignes directrices générales (CEI 60695-7-1:2010)
Prüfungen zur Beurteilung
der Brandgefahr -
Teil 7-1: Toxizität von Rauch
und/oder Brandgasen -
Allgemeiner Leitfaden (IEC 60695-7-1:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
EN 60695-7-1:2010 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 89/990/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60695-7-1, prepared by IEC TC 89, Fire hazard testing, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60695-7-1 on 2010-07-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60695-7-1:2004. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: – minor editorial and technical changes throughout; – Introduction – text referring to IEC 60695-7-50 and ISO/TS 19700 has been updated; – references to the ISO 9122 series have been deleted (other than an historical reference to ISO 9122-1 in the Introduction) and the text throughout has been updated; – definitions have been updated in accordance with ISO/IEC 13943:2008; – dispersal volume is stated to be an important parameter in the assessment of toxic hazard; – Table 2 has been updated; – Figures 1 and 2 have both been updated. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The following dates were fixed: – latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
(dop)
2011-04-01 – latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow)
2013-07-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. __________ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-7-1:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: [2] IEC 60695-6-1:2005 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 60695-6-1:2005 (not modified). [11] IEC 60695-1-10 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 60695-1-10. [12] IEC 60695-1-11 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 60695-1-111).
1) At draft stage. SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
- 3 - EN 60695-7-1:2010 Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE
When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60695-7-2 - Fire hazard testing -
Part 7-2: Toxicity of fire effluent - Summary and relevance of test methods EN 60695-7-2 -
IEC 60695-7-3 - Fire hazard testing -
Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent - Use and interpretation of test results EN 60695-7-3 -
IEC Guide 104 1997 The preparation of safety publications
and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications - -
ISO/IEC Guide 51 1999 Safety aspects - Guidelines for their inclusion in standards - -
ISO 13344 2004 Estimation of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluents - -
ISO 13571 2007 Life-threatening components of fire - Guidelines for the estimation of time available for escape using fire data - -
ISO 13943 2008 Fire safety - Vocabulary EN ISO 13943 200X2)
ISO 16312-1 - Guidance for assessing the validity
of physical fire models for obtaining fire effluent toxicity data for fire hazard and risk assessment -
Part 1: Criteria - -
ISO/TR 16312-2 - Guidance for assessing the validity
of physical fire models for obtaining fire effluent toxicity data for fire hazard and risk assessment -
Part 2: Evaluation of individual physical fire models - -
ISO 19701 - Methods for sampling and analysis of fire effluents - -
ISO 19702 - Toxicity testing of fire effluents - Guidance for analysis of gases and vapours in fire effluents using FTIR gas analysis - -
2) At draft stage. SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
EN 60695-7-1:2010 - 4 - Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
ISO 19703 2005 Generation and analysis of toxic gases
in fire - Calculation of species yields, equivalence ratios and combustion efficiency in experimental fires - -
ISO 19706 2007 Guidelines for assessing the fire threat to people - -
SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
IEC 60695-7-1Edition 3.0 2010-06INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEFire hazard testing –
Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent – General guidance
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –
Partie 7-1: Toxicité des effluents du feu – Lignes directrices générales
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE TICS 13.220.40; 29.020 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 978-2-88912-013-0BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ® SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
– 2 – 60695-7-1 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS FOREWORD.3 INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Factors determining toxic hazard.13 4.1 Evaluation of the toxic hazard.13 4.2 Burning rate.13 4.3 Toxicity of fire effluent.13 4.3.1 General.13 4.3.2 Asphyxiants.14 4.3.3 Carbon dioxide.14 4.3.4 Sensory and/or upper respiratory irritants.15 4.3.5 Unusually high toxicity and extreme toxic potency.15 4.4 Dispersal volume.15 4.5 Escape time.16 5 General aspects of small-scale test methods used to evaluate the toxic hazard of fire gas effluent.16 5.1 General.16 5.2 Physical fire models.16 5.3 Static test methods.20 5.4 Dynamic test methods.20 5.5 Measurement of toxicity.20 5.5.1 General.20 5.5.2 Chemical analysis based methods.20 5.5.3 Methods based on animal exposure.21 6 Evaluation of test methods.21 6.1 Parameters to be considered.21 6.2 Selection of test specimen.21 7 Relevance of toxic hazard data to fire hazard assessment.21 Bibliography.24
Figure 1 – Different phases in the development of a fire within a compartment.18 Figure 2 – Evaluation and consideration of toxicity test methods.23
Table 1 – F values for irritants.15 Table 2 – Characteristics of fire types (from ISO 19706).19
SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
60695-7-1 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent –
General guidance
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60695-7-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89: Fire hazard testing. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2004. It constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: – minor editorial and technical changes throughout; – Introduction – text referring to IEC 60695-7-50 and ISO/TS 19700 has been updated; – references to the ISO 9122 series have been deleted (other than an historical reference to ISO 9122-1 in the Introduction) and the text throughout has been updated; – definitions have been updated in accordance with ISO/IEC 13943:2008; SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
– 4 – 60695-7-1 © IEC:2010
– dispersal volume is stated to be an important parameter in the assessment of toxic hazard; – Table 2 has been updated; – Figures 1 and 2 have both been updated. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 89/990/FDIS 89/1003/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. This standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-7-2. A list of all the parts of IEC 60695 series, under the general title of Fire hazard testing, can be found on the IEC website. Part 7 consists of the following parts: Part 7-1:
Toxicity of fire effluent – General guidance Part 7-2:
Toxicity of fire effluent – Summary and relevance of test methods Part 7-3:
Toxicity of fire effluent – Use and interpretation of test results Part 7-50:
Toxicity of fire effluent – Estimation of toxic potency – Apparatus and test method Part 7-51:
Toxicity of fire effluent – Estimation of toxic potency – Calculation and interpretation of test results The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed; • withdrawn; • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended. SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
60695-7-1 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION Electrotechnical products sometimes become involved in fires. However, except for certain specific cases (for example, power generating stations, mass transit tunnels, computer suites), electrotechnical products are not normally present in sufficient quantities to form the major source of toxic hazard. For example, in domestic dwellings and places of public assembly, electrotechnical products are usually a very minor source of fire effluent compared with, for example, furnishings. The IEC 60695-7 series of publications is subject to the ongoing evolution of fire safety philosophy within ISO TC 92. The guidance in this International Standard is consistent with the principles of fire safety developed by ISO TC 92 (SC 3) on toxic hazards in fire as described in ISO 19706. General guidance for the fire hazard assessment of electrotechnical products is provided in IEC 60695-1-10 and IEC 60695-1-11. Guidance on the estimation of escape times from fires is provided in ISO 13571. The determination of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluents is described in ISO 13344. In 1989, the following views were expressed in ISO/TR 9122-1. "Small-scale toxic potency tests as we know them today are inappropriate for regulatory purposes. They cannot provide rank orderings of materials with respect to their propensity to produce toxic atmospheres in fires. All currently available tests are limited because of their inability to replicate the dynamics of fire growth which determine the time/concentration profiles of the effluent in full-scale fires, and the response of electrotechnical products, not just materials. This is a crucial limitation because the toxic effects of combustion effluent are now known to depend much more on the rates and conditions of combustion than on the chemical constitution of the burning materials." Because of these limitations IEC TC 89 developed IEC 60695-7-50 and ISO subsequently developed ISO/TS 19700 [1] 1. Both these standards use the same apparatus. It is a practical small-scale apparatus which is used to measure toxic potency and which, by virtue of its ability to model defined stages of a fire, yields toxic potency data suitable for use in a full hazard assessment. Both methods use variations in air flow and temperature to give different physical fire models, but the ISO test method additionally uses the equivalence ratio as a key parameter.
The evidence from fires and fire casualties, when taken with data from experimental fire and combustion toxicity studies, suggests that chemical species with unusually high toxicity are not important (see 4.3.4). Carbon monoxide is by far the most significant agent contributing to toxic hazard. Other agents of major significance are hydrogen cyanide, carbon dioxide and irritants. There are also other important non-toxic threats to life such as the effects of heat, radiant energy, depletion of oxygen and smoke obscuration, all of which are discussed in ISO 13571. General guidance on of smoke obscuration is provided in IEC 60695-6-1 [2]. IEC TC 89 recognizes that the effective mitigation of toxic hazard from electrotechnical products is best accomplished by tests and regulations leading to improved resistance to ignition and to reduced rates of fire growth, thus limiting the level of exposure to fire effluent. ___________ 1 Figures in square brackets refer to the bibliography. SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
– 6 – 60695-7-1 © IEC:2010
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 7-1: Toxicity of fire effluent –
General guidance
1 Scope This part of IEC 60695 provides guidance on the factors which affect the toxic hazard from fires involving electrotechnical products, and provides information on the methodologies recommended by ISO TC 92 (SC 3) for estimating and reducing the toxic hazard from fires, as expressed in ISO 19706, ISO 13344 and ISO 13571. There is no single test to realistically assess toxic hazard in fires. Small-scale toxic potency tests are not capable on their own of assessing the toxic hazard in fires. Current toxicity tests attempt to measure the toxic potency of a laboratory generated fire effluent. Toxic potency should not be confused with toxic hazard. This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60695-7-2, Fire hazard testing – Part 7-2: Toxicity of fire effluent – Summary and relevance of test methods IEC 60695-7-3, Fire hazard testing – Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent – Use and interpretation of test results IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards ISO 13344:2004, Estimation of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluents ISO/IEC 13943:2008, Fire safety – Vocabulary ISO 13571:2007, Life-threatening components of fire – Guidelines for the estimation of time available for escape using fire data ISO 16312-1, Guidance for assessing the validity of physical fire models for obtaining fire effluent toxicity data for fire hazard and risk assessment – Part 1: Criteria SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
60695-7-1 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
ISO/TR 16312-2, Guidance for assessing the validity of physical fire models for obtaining fire effluent toxicity data for fire hazard and risk assessment – Part 2: Evaluation of individual physical fire models ISO 19701, Methods for sampling and analysis of fire effluents ISO 19702, Toxicity testing of fire effluents – Guidance for analysis of gases and vapours in fire effluents using FTIR gas analysis ISO 19703:2005, Generation and analysis of toxic gases in fire – Calculation of species yields, equivalence ratios and combustion efficiency in experimental fires ISO 19706:2007, Guidelines for assessing the fire threat to people NOTE ISO 9122-1:1989, Toxicity testing of fire effluents – Part: General, has been withdrawn and replaced by ISO 19706:2007. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 13943, some of which are reproduced below for the use’ convenience, as well as the followings apply. 3.1
acute toxicity toxicity that causes rapidly occurring toxic effects cf. toxic potency [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.5] 3.2
asphyxiant toxicant that causes hypoxia, which can result in central nervous system depression or cardiovascular effects NOTE Loss of consciousness and ultimately death can occur. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.17] 3.3
burn, intransitive verb undergo combustion [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.28] 3.4
burn, transitive verb cause combustion [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.29] 3.5
combustible, adj. capable of being ignited and burned [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.43] 3.6
combustible, noun item capable of combustion SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
– 8 – 60695-7-1 © IEC:2010
[ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.44] 3.7
combustion exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizing agent NOTE Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or glowing. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.46] 3.8
concentration mass per unit volume NOTE 1 For a fire effluent the typical units are grams per cubic metre (g⋅m–3). NOTE 2 For a toxic gas, concentration is usually expressed as a volume fraction at T = 298 K and P = 1 atm, with typical units of microlitres per litre (μL/L), which is equivalent to cm3/m3 or 10–6. NOTE 3 The concentration of a gas at a temperature, T, and a pressure, P, can be calculated from its volume fraction (assuming ideal gas behaviour) by multiplying the volume fraction by the density of the gas at that temperature and pressure. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.52] 3.9
equivalence ratio fuel/air ratio divided by the fuel/air ratio required for a stoichiometric mixture NOTE 1 Standard, dry air contains 20,95 % oxygen by volume. In practice, the oxygen concentration in entrained air may vary and calculation of the equivalence ratio to a standard, dry air basis is required. NOTE 2 The equivalence ratio is dimensionless. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.81] 3.10
exposure dose measure of the maximum amount of a toxic gas or fire effluent which is available for inhalation, calculated by integration of the area under a concentration-time curve NOTE 1 For fire effluent, typical units are grams times minutes per cubic metre (g⋅min⋅m–3). NOTE 2 For a toxic gas, typical units are microlitres times minutes per litre (μL⋅min⋅L–1) (at T = 298 K and P = 1 atm); see volume fraction. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.89] 3.11
fire 〈general〉 process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and fire effluent and usually accompanied by smoke, flame, glowing or a combination thereof NOTE In the English language the term “fire” is used to designate three concepts, two of which, fire (3.11) and fire (3.12), relate to specific types of self-supporting combustion with different meanings and two of them are designated using two different terms in both French and German. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.96] 3.12
fire (controlled) self-supporting combustion that has been deliberately arranged to provide useful effects and is limited in its extent in time and space SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
60695-7-1 © IEC:2010 – 9 –
[ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.97] 3.13
fire (uncontrolled) self-supporting combustion that has not been deliberately arranged to provide useful effects and is not limited in its extent in time and space [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.98] 3.14
fire effluent totality of gases and aerosols, including suspended particles, created by combustion or pyrolysis in a fire [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.105] 3.15
fire hazard physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence
from fire [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.112] 3.16
fire risk probability of a fire combined with a quantified measure of its consequence [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.124] 3.17
fire scenario qualitative description of the course of a fire with respect to time, identifying key events that characterise the studied fire and differentiate it from other possible fires NOTE It typically defines the ignition and fire growth processes, the fully developed fire stage, the fire decay stage, and the environment and systems that impact on the course of the fire. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.129] 3.18
flame spread propagation of a flame front [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.142] 3.19
flashover 〈stage of fire〉 transition to a state of total surface involvement in a fire of combustible materials within an enclosure [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.156] 3.20
fractional effective concentration FEC ratio of the concentration of an irritant to that concentration expected to produce a specified effect on an exposed subject of average susceptibility NOTE 1 As a concept, FEC may refer to any effect, including incapacitation, lethality or other endpoints. SIST EN 60695-7-1:2010
– 10 – 60695-7-1 © IEC:2010
NOTE 2 When not used with reference to a specific irritant, the term “FEC” represents the summation of FEC values for all irritants in a fire-generated atmosphere. NOTE 3 The fractional effective concentration is dimensionless. [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.159] 3.21
fractional effective dose FED ratio of the exposure dose for an asphyxiant to that exposure dose of the asphyxiant expected to produce a specified effect on an exposed subject of average susceptibility NOTE 1 As a concept, fractional effective dose may refer to any effect, including incapacitation, lethality or other endpoints. NOTE 2 When not used with reference to a specific asphyxiant, the term FED represents the summation
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.