SIST EN 1004:2005
(Main)Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements
Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements
This document applies to the design of mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements with a height from 2,5 m to 12,0 m (indoors) and from 2,5 m to 8,0 m (outdoors).
This document:
- gives guidelines for the choice of the main dimensions and stabilizing methods;
- gives safety and performance requirements; and
- gives some information on complete towers.
NOTE In this document "indoors" means that the towers is not be exposed to wind, and "outdoors" means that the towers may be exposed to wind.
Fahrbare Arbeitsbühnen aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen - Werkstoffe, Maße, Lastannahmen und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument gilt für die Bemessung und Konstruktion von fahrbaren Arbeitsbühnen aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen mit einer Höhe von 2,5 m bis 12,0 m (innerhalb von Gebäuden) und von 2,5 m bis 8,0 m (außerhalb von Gebäuden).
Dieses Dokument:
3 gibt Empfehlungen für die Auswahl der Hauptmaße und Stabilisierungsverfahren,
3 stellt Sicherheits und Leistungsanforderungen und
3 enthält Angaben über die Gesamtkonstruktion der Arbeitsbühnen.
ANMERKUNG In diesem Dokument bedeutet "innerhalb von Gebäuden", dass die Arbeitsbühnen keinen Windlasten ausgesetzt sein dürfen, während "außerhalb von Gebäuden" bedeutet, dass sie Windlasten ausgesetzt sein können.
Échafaudages roulants de service en éléments préfabriqués - Matériaux, dimensions, charges de calcul et exigences de sécurité
Ce document porte sur la conception des échafaudages roulants de service constitués d'éléments préfabriqués et présentant une hauteur comprise entre 2,5 m et 12,0 m (pour usage a l'intérieur) et entre 2,5 m et 8,0 m (pour usage a l'extérieur).
Ce document :
vise a orienter le choix des dimensions principales et des méthodes de stabilisation ;
définit les exigences de sécurité ; de performance et
donne un certain nombre d'informations concernant les tours completes.
NOTE Dans ce document, les termes "pour usage a l'intérieur" et "pour usage a l'extérieur" se réferent respectivement a des échafaudages qui ne sont pas exposés au vent et a des échafaudages qui sont exposés au vent.
Pomični delovni odri na kolesih iz predizdelanih tipskih elementov - Materiali, mere, obtežbe in varnostne zahteve
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirementsÉchafaudages roulants de service en éléments préfabriqués - Matériaux, dimensions, charges de calcul et exigences de sécuritéFahrbare Arbeitsbühnen aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen - Werkstoffe, Maße, Lastannahmen und sicherheitstechnische AnforderungenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1004:2004SIST EN 1004:2005en91.220ICS:SIST HD 1004:20001DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1004:200501-marec-2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1004
December 2004 ICS 91.220 Supersedes HD 1004:1992 English version
Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements
Échafaudages roulants de service en éléments préfabriqués - Matériaux, dimensions, charges de calcul et exigences de sécurité
Fahrbare Arbeitsbühnen aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen - Werkstoffe, Maße, Lastannahmen und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 November 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1004:2004: E
EN 1004:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Classification.7 5 Designation.7 6 Materials.7 7 General requirements.8 8 Requirements for structural design.15 9 Instruction manual.18 10 Marking.19 11 Structural design.19 12 Tests.26 13 Assessment.26 Annex A (normative)
Stiffness test on complete tower structure.27 Annex B (informative)
National A-deviations.30 Bibliography.31
EN 1004:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1004:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 53 “Temporary works equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2005.
This document supersedes HD 1004:1992. The development of mobile access and working towers system is from two roots: scaffold manufacturers placed prefabricated unanchored scaffolds on four legs and castors and ladder manufacturers began to construct mobile access towers with light-weight ladders using aluminium frames and castors. Taking this into account, CEN/TC53 decided in 1980 to standardize the manufacture of mobile access and working towers in parallel with the European standardization of prefabricated service and working scaffolds EN 12810-2 and EN 12811-3. For materials, this document refers only to valid documents. However, a large stock of equipment made of materials conforming to documents no longer valid is in use. This document does not cover this equipment. During discussion of the draft it was noted that the average height of people is increasing and that consideration will have to be given in later editions to altering vertical dimensions. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document applies to the design of mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements with a height from 2,5 m to 12,0 m (indoors) and from 2,5 m to 8,0 m (outdoors). This document: gives guidelines for the choice of the main dimensions and stabilizing methods; gives safety and performance requirements; and gives some information on complete towers. NOTE In this document "indoors" means that the towers is not be exposed to wind, and "outdoors" means that the towers may be exposed to wind. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 74, Couplers, loose spigots and base-plates for use in working scaffolds and falsework made of steel tubes – Requirements and test procedures EN 1298, Mobile access and working towers – Rules and guidelines for the preparation of an instruction manual EN 1991-2-4, Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures- Part 2-4: Actions on structures - Wind actions EN 1993-1-1:2005, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5 : Design of timber structures – Part 1-1 : General rules and rules for building EN 1999-1-1, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures – Part 1-1: General rules - General rules and rules for buildings EN 12810-2, Façade scaffolds made of prefabricated components – Part 2: Particular methods of structural design EN 12811-2, Temporary works equipment – Part 2: Information on materials. EN 12811-3, Temporary works equipment – Part 3: Load testing
EN 1004:2004 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
mobile access and working towers scaffold structures which: are capable of being used free-standing; have one or more working platforms; are assembled using prefabricated components; have the dimensions fixed by the design; have normally four legs with at least four castors; are stable, by supports on the ground and if necessary by support to a vertical construction by wall strut 3.2
height (H) distance from the ground to the upper surface of the top platform 3.3
castor wheel swivelling wheel secured to the base of a member to enable the tower to be moved 3.4
adjustable leg incorporated into the structure only for plumbing a tower when situated on uneven or sloping ground. An adjustable leg may be fitted with either a castor wheel or a base plate 3.5
platform component unit of platform that supports a load on its own 3.6
bracing member means used to stiffen the structure 3.7
outrigger component that increases the effective base dimensions of a tower, with provision for the attachment of a castor 3.8
stabilizer component that increases the effective base dimensions of a tower, without provisions for the attachment of a castor 3.9
ballast weights placed at the base of the tower to increase its resistance to overturning
EN 1004:2004 (E) 6 3.10
wall strut means for providing compressive restraint to prevent a tower overturning. It is normally a horizontal tubular member, one end of which is coupled to the tower, while the other end rests against a wall or other structure 3.11
stairway means of access intended for persons carrying tools or materials 3.12
stairladder means of access intended for persons not carrying tools or materials 3.13
inclined ladder means of access intended for persons not carrying tools or materials with an inclination from 60° to 75° 3.14
vertical ladder means of access intended for persons not carrying tools or materials with an inclination of 90° 3.15
platform one or more platform components forming a working area 3.16
length (L) greater of the two plane dimensions at the platform level (see Figure 1) 3.17
width (W) lesser of the two plane dimensions at the platform level (see Figure 1)
Figure 1 —Width (W) and length (L)
EN 1004:2004 (E) 7 4 Classification 4.1 Load classes The classes of uniformly distributed load are given in Table 1. Table 1 — Classes of uniformly distributed load Load class Uniformly distributed load q kN/m2 2 1,50 3 2,00
4.2 Access classes Four options for access to the platform are described in 7.6. 5 Designation The following data are required for the designation of all prefabricated mobile access and working towers: a) class of uniformly distributed load (see 4.1); b) maximum height outdoors/indoors; c) access classes (see 4.2). EXAMPLE Tower
EN 1004
2
8/12
A B X X class 2 maximum height outdoors 8 m indoors 12 m access through stairway and stairladder 6 Materials Materials shall fulfil the requirements given in documents where design data are provided. Information for the most commonly used materials are given in EN 12811-2. Steel shall be protected by one of the methods given in EN 12811-2, Clause 8 or zinc coated with an average thickness of 15 µm.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 8 7 General requirements 7.1 General The following subclauses specify the minimum requirements for the mobile access and working tower including platforms. It shall be possible to fix platforms for erection and dismantling purposes with vertical distances between platforms not exceeding 2,10 m 7.2 Dimensions The minimum width, W, of the platform shall be 0,60 m and the minimum length, L, shall be 1,00 m. The minimum clear height between platforms “H” shall be in accordance with Table 2. Table 2 — Clear height classes Clear height class Minimum clear height H in m H1 1,85 H2 1,90
7.3 Apertures within platforms The aperture shall be as small as practicable, and it shall have a minimum clear opening of: 0,40 m wide x 0,60 m long Apertures in platforms shall not exceed 25 mm in width. This does not apply to apertures like hand holes in hatches. Access to a working platform through an aperture in a platform shall be provided with means to prevent falling through.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 9 7.4 Side protection 7.4.1 General For allowable dimensions see Figure 2. Dimensions in millimetres unless otherwise stated
Figure 2 — Side protection dimensions Side protection components shall be incapable of removal except by direct intentional action. It shall be possible to erect protection at platform edges comprising: a) at least one principal guardrail and intermediate side protection; b) toe-board;
7.4.2 Principal guardrail The principal guardrail shall be fixed so that its top surface is 1 m or more above the adjacent level of the working area everywhere (minimum height 950 mm).1)
1) See A-deviation.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 10 7.4.3 Intermediate side protection Intermediate side protection shall be fixed between the principal guardrail and the toe-board. Intermediate side protection may consist of: one or more intermediate guardrails, or a frame, or a frame of which the principal guardrail forms the top edge, or a fencing structure. Openings in the side protection shall be so dimensioned so that a sphere with a diameter of 470 mm will not pass through them. 7.4.4 Toe-board It shall be possible to fix a solid toe-board such that its top edge is at least 150 mm above the adjacent platform level. 7.5 Castor wheels 7.5.1 General Castor wheels shall be fixed to the tower in such a way that they cannot be accidentally detached. 7.5.2 Brakes All castors shall have wheel brakes. They shall have swivel brakes unless by their design they are not eccentric when locked. The brake mechanism shall be designed in such a way that it can only be unlocked by a deliberate action. The brake mechanism shall effectively prevent any rotation of the wheel when a horizontal force of 0,30 kN is applied through the vertical swivel axis of the castor as close as possible above the castor housing and in the rolling direction of the castor. The full value of the specified service load per castor wheel is to be applied when testing the castor brakes. A minimum of five control tests shall be carried out.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 11 7.5.3 Test loads The vertical service load per wheel given by the manufacturer of the MAT (Mobile Access Tower) shall be verified by a minimum of 5 tests. The test load shall be three times the service load per castor wheel derived from the most unfavourable load combination from Table 4. When the brakes are locked, an initial vertical load of 0,50 kN shall be applied. The plate of the fork shall be taken as the origin for measurements of vertical displacement dc and the residual deformation dr. The load shall be increased to the maximum test load, maintained for one minute and the vertical deformation dc shall be measured. The load shall be returned to 0,50 kN. After 30 min the residual deformation dr shall be measured. The test shall meet both of the following requirements: residual deformation dr after 30 min shall not be more than 1,5 mm; total deformation dc shall not be more than 15 mm. The service load is verified if all five tests meet the test requirements. 7.5.4 Wheels Wheels shall be of punctureless type. 7.6 Access to platforms 7.6.1 General The access type is classified by a letter A, B, C or D as follows: Access type A: Stairway; Access type B: Stairladder; Access type C: Inclined ladder; Access type D: Vertical ladder. Where a range of access types is provided, a combined classification is used. EXAMPLES Type AXCX means that stairways and inclined ladders can be provided. Type ABCD means that all four types of access can be provided. NOTE The X in the designation means that those types of access are not provided.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 12 7.6.2 General requirements Access to the platforms in an assembled tower shall be within the main structural supports and shall: be secured against unintentional loosening; not rest on the ground; have a distance from the ground to the first step or rung of 400 mm maximum (if the first step is a platform, 600 mm is allowable); have steps/rungs with constant spacing and a slip resistant surface. 7.6.3 Requirements for stairway and stairladder 7.6.3.1 General The outside of stair flights shall be provided with a handrail which runs approximately parallel to the stairs. Where a flight of stairs is provided in a continuous dog-leg style, a handrail shall be also be provided on the inside. When flights of stairs are interrupted by platforms at ≤ 2,1 m intervals, the inside handrail may be omitted. Flights of stairs in a continuous dog-leg style shall have landings. Each of these stairs shall have a minimum of one landing and this shall have a minimum length of 300 mm. The minimum clear height for access measured between the steps and the supporting structure of the stairway or stairladder above shall not be less than 1,75 m. 7.6.3.2 Requirements for stairway class A (see Figure 3) - Inclination
35 ° ≤ . ≤ 55 °; - vertical step rise
190 mm ≤ t ≤ 250 mm;
- Minimum step depth
d = 125 mm; - Minimum clear width
400 mm; - Horizontal gap between steps
0 ≤ g ≤ 50 mm;
Figure 3 — Dimensions of stairway
EN 1004:2004 (E) 13 7.6.3.3 Requirements for stairladder class B (see Figure 4) - Inclination
35 ° ≤ . ≤ 55 °; - Vertical step rise
150 mm ≤ t ≤
250 mm; - Minimum step depth
d = 80 mm; - Minimum clear width
280 mm; - Horizontal gap between steps
0 ≤ g ≤ 160 mm.
Figure 4 — Dimensions of stairladder 7.6.3.4
Requirements of inclined ladder class C (see Figure 5) - Inclination
60 ° ≤ . ≤ 75 °; - Step spacing
230 mm ≤ t ≤ 300 mm; - Step depth
d > 80 mm; - Rung spacing
230 mm ≤ t ≤ 300 mm; - Rung depth
20 mm ≤ d ≤ 80 mm; - Minimum clear width
280 mm; - Maximum vertical distance between different platforms
4,2 m; - Maximum distance between the ground and the first platform 4,6 m.
Figure 5 — Dimensions of inclined ladder
EN 1004:2004 (E) 14 7.6.3.5 Requirements of vertical ladder class D (see Figure 6) From the front edge of the step or from the centre of the rung to any obstacle behind the stairway/ladder there shall be a horizontal distance of s = 150 mm minimum (see Figure 6). - Rung spacing
230 mm ≤ t ≤ 300 mm; - Rung depth or diameter
20 mm ≤ d ≤ 51 mm; - Minimum clear width
280 mm; - Maximum vertical distance between different platforms
4,2 m; - Maximum distance between the ground and the first platform 4,6 m.
a) Separate ladder
b) Integral ladder Figure 6 — Dimensions of vertical ladder 7.7 Means for stabilizing 7.7.1 Stabilizers and outriggers The stabilizers and outriggers of a tower shall be purpose designed as component of the main structure and shall provide means of adjustment to ensure contact with the ground. The method of fixing the stabilizer or outrigger to the tower shall have adequate strength and shall be such that the reaction loads in the stabilizer or outrigger are transferred to the tower without slip, rotation, or other movement of the stabilizer or outrigger. 7.7.2 Ballast If ballast is necessary, it shall be securely positioned and made of rigid materials such as steel or concrete, but excluding liquids or granular materials. 7.8 Connections 7.8.1 General Each connection device shall be effective, easy to monitor and the components shall be easy to assemble. The securing of components forming part of the structure of the scaffold and side protection components shall make them incapable of removal except by direct intentional action.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 15 7.8.2 Vertical spigot and socket connection When assembled, the horizontal movement (slack or play) between upper and lower components shall not exceed 4 mm or a movement away from the centre line of 2 mm. In all cases it shall not be possible to disconnect an upper component laterally until the upper component has been lifted more than 80 mm. When the spigot and socket connection acts over a distance less than 150 mm, the connection shall be provided with a positive locking device, such as a cross pin, to prevent the upper component from being lifted unintentionally. The captive locking device shall be placed in such a way that its positive action can be monitored visually. 7.8.3 Other vertical connections There shall be equivalent provisions related to 7.8.2 to limit the risk of accidental disconnections. NOTE Other strength requirements can impose further limitations on the arrangement of connections. 7.9 Platform components Components of platforms shall be durable and shall have a slip-resistant surface. It shall be possible to secure these components so that overturning or removal by wind is not possible. 7.10 Erection and dismantling The tower shall remain stable and resist all loads imposed on the components also during erection and dismantling. 8 Requirements for structural design 8.1 General A tower structure shall be able to resist the combination of loads, taking from one line from each of the five groups given in Table 4, in their worst combinations. All loads are taken to be static loads. Eccentricities of castor wheels shall be taken into account. Adjustable legs shall be extended to their maximum extension. Platforms shall be assessed with respect to self-weight and the most unfavourable service load according to Table 6. 8.2 Actions on the complete structure including its parts 8.2.1 Verticals loads 8.2.1.1 Tower nominal self-weight as given by the manufacturer The self-weight of the tower including all parts and ballast (if applicable) shall be taken into account.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 16 8.2.1.2 Uniformly distributed load on the topmost platform class 2 :
1,5 kN/m²; class 3 :
2,0 kN/m². 8.2.1.3 Load resulting from an inclination of 1 % Vertical loads to be taken into consideration are:
- nominal self-weight as given (see 8.2.1.1);
- vertical service loads as given (see 8.2.1.2). 8.2.1.4 Minimum vertical service load on the structure, equally distributed on 4 legs P = 5,0 kN ;
NOTE P can be larger than 5,0 KN in accordance with the uniformly distributed loads as given in Table 4. 8.2.2. Horizontal loads 8.2.2.1
Horizontal service load on the topmost platform On the level of the platforms with length L : L ≤ 4,0 m 0,3 kN; L > 4,0 m 2 x 0,3 kN. 8.2.2.2
Horizontal design loads on all components to simulate wind 0,1 kN/m² multiplied by the appropriate shape factors, see 2.4 of ENV 1991-2-4. The wind area shall include at all working levels the fully equipped side protection (included toe-boards). Shelter factors for more than one member being upwind may be taken into consideration as follows: The reference area A for more than one solid members is shown in Equation (1) A = [1 + η + (n-2) η²] x A1 (1) where A1
is the reference area of one member (the highest one if there are different areas); n ≥ 2 is the number of single members; η
is the shelter factor as a function of (x / h) (see Table 3). where x is the space between the walls (the greatest one if there are different spaces); h 100 % of the height of the walls, if the walls are open 200 % of the height of the walls, if the walls are decked on top or at bottom. Table 3 — Shelter factor
for solidity 3 = 1 Spacing x / h 2 3 4 5 6,3 8 10 12,5 16 20 25 η 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0
EN 1004:2004 (E) 17 8.3 Actions on parts of the structure 8.3.1 Loads on platforms Platforms and supporting structure shall be designed for concentrated loads in the most unfavourable position on a platform area of: — 0,50m x 0,50m
1,5 kN; — 0,20m x 0,20m
1,0 kN. In addition uniformly distributed load shall also be considered (see 8.2.1.2). The above requirements may be fulfilled separately. 8.3.2 Load on side protection 8.3.2.1 Downward load Any principal guardrail or intermediate guardrail, regardless of its method of support, shall be able to resist a point load of 1,25 kN. This also applies to any other side protection component, such as a fencing structure, which has a potential foothold of 50 mm wide or greater. This load shall be considered as an accidental load and applied in the most unfavourable position in a downward direction within a sector of ± 10° from the vertical. 8.3.2.2 Horizontal load All components of the side protection, except toe-boards, shall be able to of resist a horizontal load of 0,3 kN in each case in the most unfavourable position. This load may be distributed over an area of
300 mm x 300 mm, for example when applied to the grid of a fencing structure. For toe-boards, the horizontal load is 0,15 kN. Table 4 — Service loads on the whole structure Group Line Kind of load Value of loads Subclause 1
Self-weight including ballast if applicable as given 8.2.1.1 2
2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 Vertical service load on the topmost platform Uniformly distributed load for class 2 for class 3 minimum service load on structure
1,5 kN/m² 2,0 kN/m² 5,0 kN/4 legs
8.2.1.2
8.2.1.4 3
3.1 3.2 Horizontal service load on the topmost platform L ≤ 4,0 m a L > 4,0 m a
0,3 kN 2 x 0,3 kN 8.2.2.1
4
Horizontal design loads to simulate wind
8.2.2.2 5
Loads resulting from an inclined position of 1 %
8.2.1.3 a
L = length of the platform.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 18 Table 5 — Design loads on parts of the structure Line Element Kind of load Value of loads Subclause 1 1.1 platform
Uniformly distributed on the whole area
8.2.1.2 1.1.1
class 2 1,5 kN/m²
1.1.2
class 3 2,0 kN/m²
1.2
Concentrated on an area of 500 mm x 500mm in the most unfavourable position on the platform If the width of the decking component is less than 500 mm, the load shall not be reduced. 1,5 kN 8.3.1 1.3
Concentrated on an area of 200 mm x 200 mm in the most unfavourable position on the platform 1,0 kN 8.3.1 2 guardrail
2.1
a point load on the guardrail in the most unfavourable position 1,25 kN 8.3.2.1 2.2
a point load on the guardrail in the most unfavourable position 0,3 kN 8.3.2.2 3 toe-board a point load on the toe-board in the most unfavourable position 0,15 kN 8.3.2.2
8.4 Deflections 8.4.1 Elastic deflection of platform components When subjected to the concentrated loads specified in Table 5, line 1.2, the elastic deflection of any platform component shall not exceed 0,01 of the span of that platform component. In addition, in the case of platform components with spans of 2,5 m or greater, when the appropriate concentrated load is applied, the maximum difference in levels between adjacent loaded and unloaded platform components shall not exceed 25 mm. 8.4.2 Elastic deflection of side protection When subjected to the load specified in Table 5, line 2.2, the maximum deflection of any principle or intermediate guardrail, regardless of its span, shall not exceed 35 mm. When subjected to the load specified in Table 5; line 3, the maximum deflection of any toe-board, regardless of its span shall not exceed 35 mm. These are measured with reference to the supports at the points where they are connected. 9 Instruction manual For each type of prefabricated equipment the manufacturer shall produce an instruction manual for use on site. The instruction manual shall include at least the data according to EN 1298.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 19 10 Marking 10.1 Components Each purpose designed component shall be marked with: a) a symbol or letters to identify the MAT system and its manufacturer; b) the year of manufacture, using the last two digits. Alternatively a code for tracing the year of manufacturer may be used. Marking shall be so arranged that it will remain legible for the life of the component. The size of the lettering may take account of the size of the component. 10.2 Manufacturers plate A manufacturer's plate showing the information below shall be displayed and visible from the ground level on all mobile access and working towers: a) manufacturer's mark; b) designation; c) "Instructions for erection and use to be followed carefully" in the respective language. 11 Structural design 11.1 Basic design principle 11.1.1 Introduction Mobile access and working towers shall be designed for load bearing capacity, serviceability and resistance to overturning. Unless otherwise stated in this clause, the documents for structural engineering shall be applied. The strength of joints and connections (e.g. welded joints, compressed connections, hollow type rivet connections) shall be verified. Concepts relate to the limit state method. Full scale or detail testing may be undertaken in accordance with EN 12811-3 to supplement calculation. 11.1.2 Structural design of components 11.1.2.1 Steel The structural design shall be in accordance with EN 1993-1-1 taking into account EN 12811-2. 11.1.2.2 Aluminium The structural design shall be in accordance with EN 1999-1-1 taking into account EN 12811-2. 11.1.2.3 Timber The structural design shall be in accordance with EN 1995-1-1 taking into account EN 12811-2.
EN 1004:2004 (E) 20 11.1.2.4 Other materials Appropriate documents shall be applied for the structural design. If European documents do not exist, International documents may be applied. 11.1.3 Limit states The limit states are classified into: ultimate limit states; serviceability limit states. At ultima
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