SIST EN 17860-2:2024

Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles - Mechanical aspects

This document is applicable to single track carrier cycles with or without electric assistance and a maximum gross vehicle weight of:
—   300 kg in case the manufacturer defines the carrier cycle to be intended for both private and commercial use; or
—   250 kg in case the manufacturer defines the carrier cycle to be intended for solely private use.
NOTE   Requirements for electrical power assisted carrier cycles are be covered in part 5 of this standard series.

Lastenfahrräder - Teil 2: Leichte einspurige Lastenfahrräder - Mechanische Aspekte

Dieses Dokument gilt für einspurige Lastenfahrräder mit oder ohne elektrische Unterstützung und mit einem maximalen Bruttofahrzeuggewicht von:
   300 kg, falls der Hersteller festlegt, dass das Lastenfahrrad sowohl für private als auch für kommerzielle Nutzung vorgesehen ist; oder
   250 kg, falls der Hersteller festlegt, dass das Lastenfahrrad ausschließlich für private Nutzung vorgesehen ist.
ANMERKUNG   Anforderungen an elektromotorisch unterstützte Lastenfahrräder werden in Teil 5 dieser Normenreihe behandelt.

Cycles utilitaires - Partie 2 : Cycles utilitaires légers à 2 roues - Aspects mécaniques

Le présent document s’applique aux cycles utilitaires à 2 roues, avec ou sans assistance électrique, d’un poids brut maximal de :
-   300 kg si le fabricant définit le cycle utilitaire comme étant destiné à une utilisation aussi bien privée que commerciale ; ou
-   250 kg si le fabricant définit le cycle utilitaire comme étant destiné uniquement à une utilisation privée.
NOTE   Les exigences relatives aux cycles utilitaires à assistance électrique sont couvertes dans la Partie 5 de la présente série de normes.

Tovorna kolesa - 2. del: Lahka enosledna kolesa za prevoz - Mehanski vidik

Ta standard določa mehanske vidike lahkih enoslednih koles za prevoz.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 14-Sep-2022
• Publication Date: 03-Oct-2024
• ICS: 43.150 - Cycles
• Technical Committee: SPO - Sports
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 19-Sep-2024
• Due Date: 24-Nov-2024
• Completion Date: 04-Oct-2024
• Directive: 2001/95/EC - Directive 2001/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 December 2001 on general product safety
• Ref Project: EN 17860-2:2024 - Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles - Mechanical aspects

Relations

• Amended By: SIST EN 17860-2:2024/oprA1:2025 - Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles - Mechanical aspects
• Effective Date: 21-May-2025

Overview

SIST EN 17860-2:2024 - Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles - Mechanical aspects defines mechanical safety and performance requirements for lightweight single‑track carrier cycles (two‑wheel cargo bikes), with or without electric assistance, where the manufacturer designates the vehicle as:

• max gross vehicle weight 300 kg for mixed private and commercial use, or
• max gross vehicle weight 250 kg for private‑use only.

Note: requirements for electrically power‑assisted carrier cycles are addressed in Part 5 of the EN 17860 series.

Key topics and technical requirements

This standard covers mechanical design, testing and verification aspects. Major technical topics include:

• General vehicle requirements: specimen numbers for strength tests, tolerances, protrusions and sharp edge limits, fastener strength and minimum failure torque, and folding mechanism safety.
• Steering and stability: steering function, rigidity and strength tests for direct/indirect steering, dynamic steering fatigue tests, shimmy assessment, parking and static stability tests.
• Brakes: requirements for hand‑operated brakes, lever ergonomics, and prescribed test methods on test tracks and test benches to validate braking performance.
• Steering unit and handlebars: handlebar dimensions, stem insertion‑depth markings or stops, clamping requirements, grip durability (freezing/hot water tests), static and dynamic strength tests.
• Frame and forks: dynamic tests with pedalling, horizontal and vertical loads, impact (falling frame) tests, front fork static/dynamic bending and rearward impact tests, and brake‑mounting integrity for hub/disc brakes.
• Wheels and tyres: concentricity/lateral tolerance, static and dynamic wheel strength tests, and wheel retention requirements.
• Loading areas and load securing: design and strength requirements for cargo platforms and tie‑down points.
• Ergonomics and vibrations: limits and test methods relating to rider comfort and control.

Practical applications - who uses this standard

SIST EN 17860-2:2024 is intended for:

• Cargo bike manufacturers and designers - to design mechanically compliant lightweight carrier cycles and specify test requirements.
• Test laboratories and certification bodies - to perform standardized strength, braking, steering and wheel tests.
• Fleet operators and procurement teams - to evaluate safety, durability and suitability for private or commercial use.
• Regulators and product safety engineers - to align national regulations and conformity assessment with European practice.

Related standards

• EN 17860 series (other parts): Part 5 covers electrical power assistance requirements.
• Refer to national adoption documents (SIST) for the Slovenian national implementation and language versions.

Keywords: SIST EN 17860-2:2024, carrier cycles, lightweight single track carrier cycles, mechanical aspects, cargo bike safety, brake testing, frame dynamic testing, steering fatigue, wheel retention, loading area.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2024
Tovorna kolesa - 2. del: Lahka enosledna kolesa za prevoz - Mehanski vidik
Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles - Mechanical aspects
Lastenfahrräder - Teil 2: Leichte einspurige Lastenfahrräder - Mechanische Aspekte
Cycles utilitaires - Partie 2 : Cycles utilitaires légers à 2 roues - Aspects mécaniques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17860-2:2024
ICS:
43.150 Kolesa Cycles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 17860-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.150
English Version
Carrier Cycles - Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier
cycles - Mechanical aspects
Cycles utilitaires - Partie 2 : Cycles utilitaires légers à 2 Lastenfahrräder - Teil 2: Leichte einspurige
roues - Aspects mécaniques Lastenfahrräder - Mechanische Aspekte
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 July 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17860-2:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 7
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Use cases: private and commercial/professional use . 10
5 General vehicle requirements . 10
5.1 Numbers and condition of specimens for the strength tests . 10
5.2 Accuracy tolerances of test conditions for brake tests and strength tests . 11
5.3 Protrusions . 11
5.4 Sharp edges . 11
5.5 Securing and strength of safety-relevant fasteners . 11
5.5.1 General . 11
5.5.2 Minimum failure torque . 11
5.5.3 Mechanism for folding carrier cycles . 11
5.6 Steering function . 12
5.6.1 General . 12
5.6.2 Steering — Rigidity and strength test for indirect steering systems . 12
5.6.3 Dynamic steering fatigue test for indirect steering . 15
5.7 Shimmy . 15
5.8 Requirements for loading areas/load securing . 15
5.9 Parking and stability . 16
5.9.1 Requirement . 16
5.9.2 Test method . 16
5.10 Pedal clearance . 18
5.10.1 Ground clearance . 18
5.10.2 Toe clearance . 18
5.11 Wheel and tyre assembly – clearance . 19
5.12 Wheel retention . 19
5.12.1 General . 19
5.13 Luggage carriers . 20
5.14 Vibrations, ergonomics and design . 20
5.14.1 Vibrations . 20
5.14.2 Ergonomics . 20
6 Brakes . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 Hand-operated brakes . 20
6.2.1 Brake lever position . 20
6.2.2 Brake lever grip dimensions. 21
6.3 Requirements of the test method on a test track . 23
6.4 Requirements of the test method on a test bench . 23
6.5 Tests . 24
6.5.1 Test method on a test track . 24
6.5.2 Test method on a test bench . 26
7 Steering unit . 30
7.1 Handlebar dimensions. 30
7.1.1 General . 30
7.1.2 Handlebar stem – Insertion-depth mark or positive stop . 31
7.1.3 Handlebar stem to fork steerer – Clamping requirements . 31
7.2 Handlebar grips or handlebar plugs . 31
7.2.1 Requirements . 31
7.2.2 Freezing test method . 32
7.2.3 Hot water test method . 32
7.3 Steering unit – Static strength and fastening tests . 33
7.3.1 Steering unit – Lateral bending test . 33
7.3.2 Handlebar stem - Forward bending test . 33
7.3.3 Handlebar to handlebar stem — Torsional security test . 34
7.3.4 Bar end to handlebar – Torsional security test . 35
7.4 Handlebar/stem unit – Dynamic test . 36
7.4.1 General . 36
7.4.2 Test method for stage 1 . 36
7.4.3 Test method for stage 2 . 37
8 Frame . 38
8.1 Suspension frames — Special requirements . 38
8.2 Requirements for all frame types . 38
8.3 Frame – Dynamic test with pedalling forces . 38
8.3.1 General . 38
8.3.2 Test method . 38
8.4 Frame – Dynamic test with horizontal forces . 40
8.4.1 General . 40
8.4.2 Determination of the test loads . 40
8.4.3 Test method . 41
8.5 Frame — Dynamic test with a vertical force onto the seat-post . 41
8.5.1 General . 41
8.5.2 Test method . 42
8.6 Frame – Dynamic test with vertical forces onto the loading area . 43
8.6.1 General . 43
8.6.2 Test method . 43
8.7 Frame and front fork assembly – Impact test (falling frame) . 44
8.7.1 General . 44
8.7.2 Requirement . 44
8.7.3 Test method . 44
9 Front wheel fork. 46
9.1 General . 46
9.2 Installation of the axle and wheel fastening . 46
9.3 Front wheel fork —Static bending test . 46
9.3.1 Requirements . 46
9.3.2 Test method . 46
9.4 Front wheel forks — Dynamic bending test . 47
9.4.1 General . 47
9.4.2 Requirement . 47
9.4.3 Test method . 47
9.5 Front wheel fork — Rearward impact test . 48
9.5.1 Requirement . 48
9.5.2 Test method 1 . 48
9.5.3 Test method 2 . 49
9.6 Front forks for use with hub or disc brakes . 51
9.6.1 Requirement . 51
9.6.2 Front fork for hub/disc brake — Dynamic test of the brake mounting . 51
9.6.3 Front fork for hub/disc brake – Static braking torque test . 51
10 Wheels and wheel/tyre assembly . 52
10.1 Wheels/tyre assembly – Concentricity tolerance and lateral tolerance . 52
10.1.1 Requirements . 52
10.1.2 Test method . 52
10.2 Wheel/tyre assembly – Static strength test . 53
10.2.1 Requirement . 53
10.2.2 Test method . 53
10.3 Wheel and wheel/tyre unit — Dynamic test for carrier cycles . 54
10.3.1 Requirement . 54
10.3.2 Test method . 54
10.4 Tyre inflation pressure . 55
10.5 Tyre and rim compatibility . 56
10.5.1 General . 56
10.5.2 Wheel/ tyre assembly preparation . 56
10.5.3 Test method . 56
11 Front mudguard . 56
11.1 Requirement . 56
11.2 Front mudguard with stays test method . 56
11.2.1 Stage 1: Test method – Tangential obstruction . 56
11.2.2 Stage 2: Test method – Mudguard stays impact test . 57
11.2.3 Stage 3: Test method – Radial force after impact . 58
11.3 Front mudguard without stays test methods . 58
12 Pedals and pedal/crank drive system . 58
12.1 Pedal tread . 58
12.1.1 Tread surface . 58
12.1.2 Toe clips . 58
12.2 Pedal – Static strength test . 59
12.2.1 Requirement . 59
12.2.2 Test method . 59
12.3 Pedal – Impact test. 59
12.3.1 Requirement . 59
12.3.2 Test method . 59
12.4 Pedal – Dynamic durability test . 59
12.4.1 Requirement . 59
12.4.2 Test method . 59
12.5 Drive system – Static strength test . 59
12.6 Crank assembly – Fatigue test . 60
12.6.1 Requirement . 60
12.6.2 Test method . 60
13 Drive-chain and drive belt . 60
13.1 Drive-chain . 60
13.2 Drive belt . 60
14 Chain-wheel and belt-drive protective device . 60
14.1 Requirement . 60
14.2 Chain-wheel disc and drive pulley disc diameter . 61
14.3 Chain and drive belt protective device . 62
14.4 Combined front gear-change guide . 63
15 Saddles/seats and seat-posts . 64
15.1 Limiting dimensions . 64
15.2 Seat-post — Insertion-depth mark or positive stop . 64
15.3 Saddle/seat-post – Security test . 64
15.3.1 Saddles with adjustment-clamps . 64
15.3.2 Saddles without adjustment clamps . 65
15.4 Saddle and saddle rail – Static strength test . 65
15.4.1 Saddle – static strength test . 65
15.4.2 Saddle rail (composite) – Static strength test . 65
15.4.3 Saddle and seat-post assembly – Fatigue test . 65
15.5 Seat-post - Strength tests . 65
15.5.1 General . 65
15.5.2 Test method for step 1 (dynamic test) . 65
15.5.3 Test method for step 2 (static strength test) . 66
16 Lighting systems and reflectors . 67
16.1 General . 67
16.2 Lighting systems. 67
16.3 Reflectors . 67
16.4 Rear reflectors . 67
16.4.1 General . 67
16.4.2 Side reflectors . 67
16.4.3 Front reflectors . 67
16.4.4 Pedal reflectors . 67
17 Warning device . 68
18 Rear-view mirror . 68
19 Structural integrity test . 68
19.1 General . 68
19.2 Requirements . 68
19.3 Verification methods . 68
20 Marking . 69
20.1 Requirements . 69
20.1.1 All markings. 69
20.1.2 Frame markings . 69
20.1.3 Trailer coupling markings . 69
20.1.4 Component markings . 70
20.2 Durability test . 70
20.2.1 Requirement . 70
20.2.2 Test method . 70
21 Manufacturer’s instructions . 70
Annex A (informative) Vehicle configurations . 74
Annex B (informative) Reading Guide . 75
Annex C (normative) Test cycles for professional/commercial use . 77
Annex D (informative) Label . 79
Annex E (informative) Shimmy . 80
Annex F (normative) Front fork mounting device . 82
Annex G (informative) Properties of the dummy forks . 83
Annex H (informative) Calculation of the centre of gravity of cycles or carrier cycles . 85
Annex I (informative) Rationale for the necessity of a “Complete vehicle test” . 91
Annex J (informative) Rationale for the distinction between private and commercial use . 93
Bibliography. 95

European foreword
This document (EN 17860-2:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 333 “Cycles”, the
secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2025, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by March 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document is part of standard series consisting of the following parts, users are invited to check which
parts are applicable to their situation
— EN 17860-1:2023, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Part 1: Vocabulary
— FprEN 17860-2:2023, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Part 2: Lightweight single track carrier cycles –
mechanical and functional aspects
— FprEN 17860-3:2023, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Part 3: Lightweight multi track carrier cycles –
mechanical and functional aspects
— prEN 17860-4, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Heavyweight multi track carrier cycles – mechanical and
functional aspects
— prEN 17860-5:2023, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Electrical aspects
— prEN 17860-6, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Passenger transport
— prEN 17860-7:2023, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Trailers
Examples of carrier cycle configurations can be found in Annex A. Annex B provides a reading guide for
parts 2,3 and 4 of this standard series.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document gives requirements and test methods for mechanical and functional aspects for single
track carrier cycles.
This document has been developed in response to demand throughout Europe. Its aim is to provide a
standard for the assessment of mechanical aspects for single track carrier cycles of a type which are
excluded from type approval by Regulation (EU) No. 168/2013.
Because of the diversity of geometries and solutions of carrier cycles not all requirements and test
methods in this document may apply to every carrier cycle.
— Annex A gives an overview of vehicle configurations.
— Annex B provides a reading guide for the parts of this standard series.
— Annex J contains a rationale explaining the choices made when developing the standard series
This document is based on a risk analysis, the focus is on mechanical aspects for single track carrier
cycles. This document is a type C standard as specified in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and
the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the
scope of this document.
1 Scope
This document is applicable to single track carrier cycles with or without electric assistance and a
maximum gross vehicle weight of:
— 300 kg in case the manufacturer defines the carrier cycle to be intended for both private and
commercial use; or
— 250 kg in case the manufacturer defines the carrier cycle to be intended for solely private use.
NOTE Requirements for electrical power assisted carrier cycles are be covered in part 5 of this standard series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 17860-1, Cycles — Carrier Cycles — Part 1: Terms and definitions
EN ISO 4210-2:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking,
young adult, mountain and racing bicycles (ISO 4210-2:2023)
EN ISO 4210-3:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 3: Common test methods (ISO 4210-
3:2023)
EN ISO 4210-4:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods (ISO 4210-
4:2023, Corrected version 2023-08)
EN ISO 4210-6:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 6: Frame and fork test methods (ISO
4210-6:2023, Corrected version 2023-08)
EN ISO 4210-7:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 7: Wheel and rim test methods (ISO
4210-7:2023)
EN ISO 4210-8:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 8: Pedal and drive system test methods
(ISO 4210-8:2023)
EN ISO 4210-9:2023, Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
(ISO 4210-9:2023)
ISO 5775-1:2023, Bicycle tyres and rims — Part 1: Tyre designations and dimensions
ISO 5775-2:2023, Bicycle tyres and rims — Part 2: Rims
EN ISO 11243:2023, Cycles - Luggage carriers for bicycles - Requirements and test methods (ISO
11243:2023)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
ISO 9633:2001, Cycle chains — Characteristics and test methods
ISO 6742-1:2015, Cycles — Lighting and retro-reflective devices — Part 1: Lighting and light signalling
devices
ISO 6742-2:2015, Cycles — Lighting and retro-reflective devices — Part 2: Retro-reflective devices
ISO 6742-3:2015, Cycles —Lighting and retro-reflective devices — Part 3: Installation and use of lighting
and retro-reflective devices
ISO 14878:2015, Cycles — Audible warning devices — Technical specification and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 17860-1:2024 and
EN ISO 12100:2010 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Use cases: private and commercial/professional use
The requirements in the main part of this standard refer to carrier cycles for private use. In case the
manufacturer defines the carrier cycles to be intended for commercial/professional use, higher test
values for dynamic tests apply. Annex C gives the higher test values for the relevant tests.
Annex D shows proposals for labels for private use and commercial/professional use. Annex J contains a
rationale explaining the choices made when developing the standard series.
5 General vehicle requirements
5.1 Numbers and condition of specimens for the strength tests
In general, for static, impact and fatigue tests, each test shall be conducted on a new test sample, but if
only one sample is available, it is permissible to conduct all of these tests on the same sample with the
sequence of testing being fatigue, static and impact.
When more than one test is conducted on the same sample, the test sequence shall be clearly recorded in
the test report or record of testing.
NOTE It will be noted that if more than one test is conducted on the same sample, earlier tests can influence
the results of subsequent tests. Also, if a sample fails when it has been subjected to more than one test, a direct
comparison with single testing is not possible.
In all strength tests, specimens shall be in the fully-finished condition.
5.2 Accuracy tolerances of test conditions for brake tests and strength tests
Unless stated otherwise, accuracy tolerances based on the nominal values shall be as follows:
Forces and torques 0/+5 %
Masses ±1 %
Dimensions ±1 mm
Angles ±1°
Time duration ±5 s
Temperatures ±2 °C
Pressures ±5 %
5.3 Protrusions
This requirement is intended to address the hazards associated with the users of carrier cycles falling on
projections or rigid components (e.g. handlebars, levers) on a carrier cycle, possibly causing internal
injury or skin puncture. Tubes and rigid components in the form of projections which constitute a
puncture hazard to the rider should be protected. The size and shape of the end protection has not been
stipulated, but an adequate shape shall be given to avoid puncturing of the body. Screw threads which
constitute a puncture hazard shall be limited to a protrusion length of one major diameter of the screw
beyond the internally threaded mating part. Handlebar ends shall comply with EN ISO 4210-2:2023.
5.4 Sharp edges
Exposed edges that could come into contact with the limbs of rider, passenger or other road users during
normal riding or normal handling and normal maintenance shall not be sharp, e.g. deburred, broken,
rolled or processed with comparable techniques.
NOTE Attention is drawn to ISO 13715 [3].
5.5 Securing and strength of safety-relevant fasteners
5.5.1 General
Any screws used in the assembly of safety critical parts, e.g. indirect steering parts, to the frame or fork
shall be provided with suitable locking devices, e.g. lock- washers, lock-nuts, thread locking compound,
or stiff nuts. Fasteners used to assemble hub and disc brakes should have heat-resistant locking devices.
The screws used to attach hub-generator are not subject to these requirements.
5.5.2 Minimum failure torque
The minimum failure torque of any bolted joints used in the assembly of safety critical parts, shall be at
least 20 % greater than the manufacturer's maximum recommended tightening torque.
NOTE Examples of safety critical parts are indirect steering parts, to the frame or fork, handle bars, handlebar
stems, bar ends, saddle and seat-posts
5.5.3 Mechanism for folding carrier cycles
If a carrier cycle is equipped with a folding mechanism, it shall be designed such that the carrier cycle can
be locked for use in a simple, stable, safe way, and when folded, no damage shall occur to any cables. No
locking mechanism shall contact the wheels or tyres during rid
...