SIST EN 15567-1:2008
Sports and recreational facilities - Ropes courses - Part 1: Construction and safety requirements
Sports and recreational facilities - Ropes courses - Part 1: Construction and safety requirements
This European Standard applies to permanent and mobile ropes courses and their components. This Part 1 of this standard specifies safety requirements for the design, construction, inspection and maintenance of ropes courses and their components. This Part 1 of this standard does not apply to temporary ropes courses (see 3.3) and children's play grounds (see EN 1176 all parts). For the use of ropes courses part 2 applies.
Sport- und Freizeitanlagen - Seilgärten - Teil 1: Konstruktion und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für stationäre und mobile Seilgärten und deren Komponenten.
Dieser Teil 1 der Norm legt sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen im Hinblick auf die Auslegung, Konstruktion,
Inspektion und Wartung von Seilgärten und deren Komponenten fest.
Dieser Teil 1 der Norm gilt nicht für temporäre Seilgärten (siehe 3.3) und für Kinderspielplätze (siehe
EN 1176).
Für die Benutzung von Seilgärten gilt EN 15567-2.
Structures de sport et d'activités de plein air - Parcours acrobatiques en hauteur - Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne s’applique aux parcours acrobatiques en hauteur, fixes et mobiles, et à leurs composants.
La présente partie de cette norme spécifie les exigences de sécurité concernant la conception, la construction, le contrôle et la maintenance des parcours acrobatiques en hauteur et de leurs composants.
Elle ne s’applique ni aux parcours acrobatiques temporaires (voir 3.3) ni aux aires de jeux pour enfants (voir toutes les parties de l’EN 1176).
En ce qui concerne l’utilisation des parcours acrobatiques en hauteur, la partie 2 s’applique.
Športni in rekreacijski pripomočki - Plezalni parki - 1. del: Konstrukcijske in varnostne zahteve
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Sport- und Freizeitanlagen - Seilgärten - Teil 1: Konstruktion und sicherheitstechnische AnforderungenStructures de sport et d'activités de plein air - Parcours acrobatiques en hauteur - Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essaiSports and recreational facilities - Ropes courses - Part 1: Construction and safety requirements97.220.10Športni objektiSports facilitiesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15567-1:2007SIST EN 15567-1:2008en,fr,de01-marec-2008SIST EN 15567-1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15567-1December 2007ICS 97.220.10 English VersionSports and recreational facilities - Ropes courses - Part 1:Construction and safety requirementsStructures de sport et d'activités de plein air - Parcoursacrobatiques - Partie 1: Construction et exigences desécuritéSport- und Freizeitanlagen - Seilgärten - Teil 1: Konstruktion und sicherheitstechnische AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 November 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15567-1:2007: ESIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Safety requirements.10 4.1 Choice of site.10 4.2 Material.10 4.2.1 General.10 4.2.2 Timber and associated products.11 4.2.3 Metals.11 4.2.4 Wire ropes.12 4.2.5 Synthetics and composites.13 4.2.6 Dangerous substances.13 4.3 Design and manufacture.14 4.3.1 General safety requirements.14 4.3.2 Loads on safety and activity system.14 4.3.3 Support system.15 4.3.4 Activity system.17 4.3.5 Safety system.18 4.4 Personal protective equipment.20 5 Test methods.20 6 Marking.20 6.1 General.20 6.2 Element identification.20 6.3 Element marking.20 6.3.1 Notices.20 6.3.2 Ropes course difficulty.21 7 Inspection and maintenance.21 8 Documents to be provided.23 8.1 User manual for operators.23 8.2 Tree assessment report.24 8.3 Inauguration inspection report.24 Annex A (normative)
Minimum information to be included in an arboreal assessment report.25 A.1 General site description.25 A.2 Arboreal assessment of each tree.25 A.2.1 General characteristics.25 A.2.2 General tree observations.25 A.2.3 Comments, final classification of the tree according to its condition.25 Annex B (informative)
Obtaining tree strength data.26 Annex C (normative)
Rules for the use of the ropes course.27 Bibliography.28
SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15567-1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2008. This standard is divided into the following two parts:
Part 1: Construction and safety requirements. Part 2: Operation requirements. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 4 Introduction Ropes courses vary considerably and may be used for education, recreational, training or therapeutic pur-poses. Ropes course activities involve risks that should be managed by the operators. This is achieved through care-ful supervision, training, instruction, information etc. Ropes course activities should only be taken by those who are physically and mentally able to comply with the safety requirements specified by the operator. The various safety devices (for protection against falling from a height and collisions) consist of equipment designed to limit the consequences of falls or collisions. There are inherent risks associated with ropes courses. These risks should, however, be appropriately managed and minimised by the ropes course operator and his staff; it should be understood that they can not be eliminated altogether. On the basis of a risk assessment, operators should take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety of participants. This means that the degree of risks in a particular job/work place/facility need to be bal-anced against the time, trouble, cost, benefits and physical difficulty of taking measures to avoid or reduce the risk.
Ropes course operators should also consider EN 15567-2, when carrying out risk assessments.
SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to permanent and mobile ropes courses and their components. This Part 1 of this standard specifies safety requirements for the design, construction, inspection and mainte-nance of ropes courses and their components.
This Part 1 of this standard does not apply to temporary ropes courses (see 3.3) and children's play grounds (see EN 1176 all parts). For the use of ropes courses part 2 applies. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer-ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 335-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Definition of use classes — Part 2: Application to solid wood EN 350-2:1994, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Natural durability of solid wood — Part 2: Guide to the natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe EN 351-1:2007, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Preservative-treated solid wood — Part 1: Classification of preservative penetration and retention EN 636, Plywood – Specifications
EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire rope slings EN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Metal and resin socketing EN 13411-5, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 5: U-bolt wire rope grips EN 13411-6, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket EN 13411-7, Terminations for steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket EN 15567-2, Sports and recreational facilities - Ropes courses - Part 2: Operation requirements EN ISO/IEC 17020:2004, General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection (ISO/IEC 17020:1998) ISO 4309:2004, Cranes - Wire ropes - Care, maintenance, installation, examination and discard SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the following terms and definitions shall apply. 3.1 ropes course constructed facility consisting of one or more activity systems, support systems and, if needed, belay and/or safety systems, see Figure 1. A ropes course is distinct from playground equipment in that it has restricted access and requires supervision
Key Activity systems A Support systems S Belaying systems B A1 A2
A3 Elements
Platforms Access S1
S2 S3 Poles living trees buildings, rock, other supporting structures
Foundations, anchors Guy lines B1 B3 Assisted belaying system Self-belaying system
Figure 1 — Example of a ropes course 3.2 permanent ropes course facility installed for more than one week on the same site 3.3 temporary ropes course facility that has been installed for up to one week 3.4 mobile ropes course facility that is transportable SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 7 3.5 zip wire activity system in which the participant glides under gravity in a sloping direction
3.6 giant swing activity system where the participant performs guided pendulum (to- and-fro) movements 3.7 activity system facility that permits the progression of the participant
EXAMPLE Examples are elements, platforms and access.
NOTE see Figure 1 and Figure 2 for examples. 3.8 support system artificial and/or natural structure intended for installation of activity and safety systems NOTE See Figure 1 and Figure 2 for examples. 3.9 self-belaying system belaying system that is operated by the participant him-/herself
NOTE See Figure 1. 3.10 assisted belaying system belaying system where the participant is secured by at least one person NOTE See Figure 1. 3.11 continuous belaying system belaying system that enables participants to progress from one activity system to the next and that does not require participants to undo or change the connection to the belaying system NOTE See Figure 2.
SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 8
Key Activity systems A Support systems S Belaying systems B A1 A2
Elements
Platforms
S1
S2 Poles living trees buildings, rock, other supporting structures
Foundations, anchors B2 B3 Continuous belaying system Self-belaying system
Figure 2 - Example of a continuous belaying system
3.12 change-over manual transfer from one part of a safety system to another
3.13 landing area area in which a participant exiting an element can land 3.14 inspection body
body that performs inspection NOTE 1 A body can be an organization or part of an organization. [EN ISO/IEC 17020:2004] NOTE 2 EN ISO/IEC 17020 defines inspection bodies of type A, type B and type C, covered by appropriate profes-sional civil liability insurance. 3.15 falling space any space into which a participant may enter during a fall stopped by the belaying system SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 9 3.16 free space space in, on or around an element that can accommodate a participant carried along passively by the equip-ment
EXAMPLE Examples are oscillating space for a Tyrolean traverse, for a zip wire or for a giant swing. 3.17 arboricultural expert competent person able to undertake arboreal assessments. They shall be covered by appropriate professional civil liability insurance 3.18 maximum fall height
maximum height that a participant can fall 3.19 safety line flexible or rigid, horizontal, vertical or sloping, continuous or discontinuous device used as a protection against falling from a height
3.20 platform flat, practically horizontal raised area in which participants can temporarily stay, before or after the element 3.21 safety system system used either to arrest or cushion a participant's fall. NOTE Fall prevention systems may consist of a guard rail, safety line, landing mat, net, retractable lifeline, etc. 3.22 active braking system system operated by the participant or another person 3.23 passive braking system system operating automatically
EXAMPLE Examples are bungee, gravity, net, water. 3.24 tyrolean traverse ropes (essentially horizontal) on which participants progress under their own power 3.25 routine visual check inspection intended to identify obvious hazards that can result from vandalism, use or weather conditions 3.26 operational inspection inspection, more detailed than routine visual inspection, to check the operation and stability of the equipment 3.27 periodical inspection verification, at intervals not exceeding 12 months intended to establish the overall level of safety of equipment, foundations and surfaces SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 10 3.28 critical application application where the consequences of a failure are likely to lead a serious incident or accident 3.29 spotting one or more persons working to catch, hold or give physical support to other participants 3.30 dead load weight of the element when unloaded 3.31 imposed load load corresponding to average weight of a participant multiplied by the number of participants simultaneously authorised on the element (to be updated) 3.32 dynamic load load generated by a falling participant 3.33 element activity unit in a ropes course, usually between two platforms 3.34 level 1 supervision situation whereby an instructor can physically intervene 3.35 level 2 supervision situation whereby an instructor can clearly see the participant and intervene verbally 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Choice of site NOTE In general, the installation and use of ropes courses will cause changes to the environment which are covered by national legislation currently in force.
The site of the ropes course shall be chosen to ensure that it is located in an area of reasonable operating safety. It shall be possible to evacuate participants from any part of the ropes course. The immediate surrounding area shall not impair the safety of the structure and the activities taking place on the site.
Local factors (e.g. lightening, humidity, corrosion, flooding, avalanches etc.) shall be taken into consideration in both the design and the operation of the facility, see EN 15567-2. Unauthorized access to the ropes course shall be taken into account referring to national regulations. 4.2 Material 4.2.1 General Materials shall conform to 4.2.2 through 4.2.5. SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 11 Materials shall be fit for purpose. NOTE 1 The provisions relating to certain materials in this standard do not imply that other equivalent materials are unsuitable in the manufacture of ropes courses.
The selection of materials and their use should be in accordance with appropriate European Standards. Materials shall be selected and protected so that the structural integrity of the equipment manufactured from them, is not affected before the next relevant maintenance inspection. NOTE 2 EN 15567-2 gives recommendations on maintenance inspections.
Particular care should be taken in the choice of materials where equipment is to be used in extreme climatic or atmospheric conditions. In the choice of a material or substance for ropes courses, consideration should be given to the eventual dis-posal of the material or substance having regard to any possible environmental toxic hazard. When natural or synthetic fibre materials are used in a critical application, the operator shall determine an inspection pro-cedure or adhere to the constraints of the manufacturer's information.
Consideration should also be given to degradation of structural components through ultraviolet influences. NOTE 3 Attention is drawn to national and local building regulations regarding flammability for equipment installed both indoors and outdoors. 4.2.2 Timber and associated products Timber parts shall be designed in such a way that precipitation can drain off freely and water accumulation shall be avoided. In cases of ground contact, one or more of the following methods shall be used: a) use of timber species with sufficient natural resistance in accordance with Classes 1 and 2 of the natural resistance classification given in EN 350-2:1994, 4.2.2. b) construction methods, e.g. post shoe; c) use of timber treated with wood preservatives in accordance with Figure A.1 of EN 351-1:2007 and in ac-cordance with hazard Class 4 of EN 335-2 . Consideration should also be given to other factors which can be unsuitable, such as splintering, poisoning etc. All components made of timber and associated products, other than those species conforming to a), that af-fect the stability of the structure and are in constant contact with the ground shall be treated in accordance with c). When selecting metal fastenings, consideration should be given to the species of timber and chemical treat-ments used as some will accelerate corrosion of metals if there is contact. Plywood used for outdoor installations shall be according to EN 636. 4.2.3 Metals Metal parts shall be weatherproof against atmospheric conditions. Metals that produce toxic oxides that scale or flake shall be protected by a non-toxic coating. SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 12 4.2.4 Wire ropes The choice of the wire rope shall be appropriate for the application. For wire safety lines only galvanised or stainless steel wire ropes shall be used.
Inspection should be made with reference to ISO 4309:2004, Annex D. Only approved systems shall be used for wire rope terminations. All wire rope terminations shall conform to EN 13411-1 to EN 13411-7 and shall be used according to the fitting instructions of these standards.
If other types of wire rope terminations are used they shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines. Terminations around trees and poles shall consider the effects of the closure angle. An angle α
≤ 60 ° is rec-ommended (see Figure 3).
Key αααα = angle of termination Figure 3 — Angle of termination around a tree If angles α
> 60 °are applied, sufficient measures shall be taken to protect the termination from side loading. If the angle α
is > 120 °, the forces in each leg shall be used to determine the required strength of the wire rope. If it is necessary to use rope clamps to make an in line connection of two separate wire rope terminations, Figure 4 provides an example of an appropriate inline connection.
SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 13
a) Correct and wrong placement of rope grips when connecting parallel rope ends
b) Double-lug head fittings Figure 4 — Placement of wire rope grips NOTE Figure 3 indicates only the position of wire rope grips. The number of wire rope grips shall depend on the nature and the diameter of the wire rope and the types of wire ropes and grips used. For critical applications (e.g. safety lines) plastic covered wire ropes shall not be used. It shall not be possible to undo critical components without a tool. Points of attachment on wire ropes are liable to create changes in local curvature of wire rope and might therefore create local fatigue, therefore these points shall be given special attention during inspection and ex-amination. 4.2.5 Synthetics and composites If, in maintenance, it is difficult to determine at what point material becomes brittle, manufacturers shall give an indication of the time period after which the part or equipment should be replaced.
It should be possible to identify excessive wear of the gelcoat of GRP (glass-reinforced plastics) products intended for sliding before the participant becomes exposed to the glass fibers. (This can be achieved for example by the use of different coloured layers in the sliding surface.) 4.2.6 Dangerous substances Dangerous substances shall not be used in ropes courses in such a way that they can cause adverse health effects to the user of the equipment. NOTE Attention is drawn to the provisions of Directive 76/769/EEC. Such materials include, for example, asbestos, lead, formaldehyde, coal tar oils, carbolineums and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 14 4.3
Design and manufacture 4.3.1 General safety requirements Ropes Courses shall be designed with consideration for the size and the body weight of the participants. The design of the ropes course shall ensure that the impact force for a person with a weight of ≤ 40 kg is not greater than 3 kN. Moving parts shall be designed to limit the risk of injury (e.g. beams of mobiles). There shall be no sharp edges and burrs on the facility within reach of the user. The installation shall be constructed and the equipment shall be chosen so that any openings that can be reached in normal use do not create entrapment hazards. The free and falling space shall not contain any unprotected obstacles that a person manoeuvring or falling might crash into, other than the constituent parts of the activity system. If there is a possibility of a participant colliding with an obstacle located in the vicinity of the element (for ex-ample a tree), an appropriate safety device should be installed (for example a pad should be fitted over part of the tree trunk). On a self-belaying system a clear distinction between the safety system and the activity system (hauling sys-tem, handlines) shall be made. It shall be impossible to connect to the free end of the wire rope. A retractable lifeline shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines. Elements located one above the other shall be designed so that lowering of a person who has to be rescued is not impeded. 4.3.2 Loads on safety and activity system 4.3.2.1 Imposed loads The imposed load shall be 0,8 kN per person. 4.3.2.2 Dynamic loads The dynamic load for
Self-belaying system; assisted belaying system; static installations (e.g. rail systems); continuous safety system; shall not exceed 6 kN. 4.3.2.3 Dead loads The dead loads shall be taken into consideration. 4.3.2.4 Wind, snow and ice loads These loads shall be taken into consideration. SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 15 4.3.2.5 Calculation Installations using self-belaying systems, continuous and assisted belaying systems made out of steel wire rope shall be calculated using safety factor 3,0 in relation to the ultimate load. A belaying system for ropes courses shall be designed to withstand a load of 6 kN without permanent defor-mation to any part of the system. Rigid installations (e.g. beam systems using a rail belaying system) shall be calculated using the existing Eurocodes and the national annexes, when existing. The calculations shall take in account the weakness coefficient due to the type of wire rope termination used (EN 13411(all parts)). Imposed load, dynamic load, dead loads, snow, ice and wind loads applied shall be considered. The calculation for artificial structures shall relate to the relevant Eurocodes. For the calculation for natural elements see 4.3.3.3. 4.3.3 Support system 4.3.3.1 General The support system shall have the stability and resistance appropriate for the load calculated in 4.3.2.5. The support system may include: a) Artificial elements like: framework with foundation; guys; foundations; tension bars and compression bars; mounting parts on or in buildings. b) Natural elements like: trees; rock. 4.3.3.2 Safety requirements for artificial elements 4.3.3.2.1 General Hauling systems, retrieval systems and guys should be either inaccessible for participants or clearly identified as not being a safe connection point. 4.3.3.2.2 Guys Careful attention shall be given to the position of guys, possibly made inaccessible. SIST EN 15567-1:2008
EN 15567-1:2007 (E) 16 When they are accessible from the ground they shall be clearly visible or protected in order to avoid injury. When guys are accessible on a self-belaying system, they shall have a device that prevents misuse or an un-controlled descent (e.g. a stop device which itself is inaccessible). 4.3.3.2.3 Foundation Ground decay of wooden poles should be considered in the design and maintenance of the installation. 4.3.3.2.4 Buildings and existing structures Before attaching elements to a building, it shall be evaluated for structural strength, electrical hazards and ac-cessibility. In instances where the ropes course transmits loads to the existing structure (e.g. building) care shall be exer-cised to ensure that the existing structure can bear the loads created by the ropes course. Calculations shall confirm that the building is fit for purpose.
The manufacturer of the ropes course shall provide the owner of the support structure (or their agent) with all the relevant information relating to the loads and forces that the ropes course and associated equipment may ap
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