SIST EN 3830:2022

Aerospace series - Electrical system - Load analysis

This document defines the method to establish an electrical load analysis which is used to compare the supply capacity of an electrical power generation system with the power demand of the connected electrical utilisation equipment.
It shall prove that the power sources are capable of supplying these loads under all electrical power system rates and aircraft operating conditions and that specified growth capacity for future requirements is ensured.

Luft- und Raumfahrt - Elektrisches Bordnetz - Energiebilanz

Dieses Dokument legt das Verfahren zur Erstellung einer Energiebilanz fest, in der die Leistungsfähigkeit eines Stromversorgungssystems mit den Leistungsanforderungen der angeschlossenen Verbraucher verglichen wird.
Durch die Energiebilanz ist nachzuweisen, dass die Stromquellen diese Verbraucher unter allen Betriebszu¬ständen des Stromversorgungssystems und während aller Betriebsphasen des Luftfahrzeuges versorgen können und dass die geforderte Leistungsreserve zur Abdeckung zukünftiger Anforderungen sichergestellt ist.

Série aérospatiale - Réseau électrique - Bilan électrique

Le présent document définit la méthode pour établir un bilan électrique, qui est utilisée pour comparer la capacité d'alimentation d'un réseau de production d'énergie électrique avec la demande de puissance des équipements consommateurs électriques connectés.
Il doit démontrer que les sources d'alimentation sont capables de fournir ces charges dans tous les états du réseau électrique et dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement de l'aéronef, et que la capacité de croissance spécifiée pour les exigences futures est garantie.

Aeronavtika - Električni sistem - Analiza obremenitve

Ta dokument opredeljuje metodo za uvedbo analize električne obremenitve, ki se uporablja za primerjavo zmožnosti sistema za proizvodnjo električne energije za oskrbo z energijo in energetskih potreb povezane električne opreme.
Dokazati mora, da so viri energije zmožni zagotavljati takšne obremenitve pri vseh stopnjah elektroenergetskega sistema in v vseh obratovalnih razmerah letal ter da je zagotovljena določena zmogljivost rasti za prihodnje zahteve.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Feb-2022
• ICS: 49.060 - Aerospace electric equipment and systems
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 16-Feb-2022
• Due Date: 23-Apr-2022
• Completion Date: 18-Feb-2022
• Ref Project: EN 3830:2022 - Aerospace series - Electrical system - Load analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 3830:2022
01-april-2022
Aeronavtika - Električni sistem - Analiza obremenitve
Aerospace series - Electrical system - Load analysis
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Elektrisches Bordnetz - Energiebilanz
Série aérospatiale - Réseau électrique - Bilan électrique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 3830:2022
ICS:
49.060 Letalska in vesoljska Aerospace electric
električna oprema in sistemi equipment and systems
SIST EN 3830:2022 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 3830:2022
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.060
English Version
Aerospace series - Electrical system - Load analysis

Série aérospatiale - Réseau électrique - Bilan électrique Luft- und Raumfahrt - Elektrisches Bordnetz -

Energiebilanz
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 February 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this

European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references

concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN

member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by

translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management

Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 3830:2022 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ...................................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 4

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Electrical load and power analysis ........................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Electrical system ............................................................................................................................................. 6

3.3 Power ratings ................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.4 Available power ............................................................................................................................................... 8

3.5 Operating time ............................................................................................................................................... 10

3.6 Operating conditions ................................................................................................................................... 10

4 Analysis report .............................................................................................................................................. 12

4.1 General.............................................................................................................................................................. 12

4.2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 12

4.3 Electrical system functional description .............................................................................................. 12

4.4 Power sources data ...................................................................................................................................... 12

4.5 Time intervals ................................................................................................................................................ 13

5 d.c. load analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 13

5.1 General.............................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.2 Minimum parameters required for the d.c. load analysis .............................................................. 13

5.3 Calculation of average power consumption ........................................................................................ 14

5.4 d.c. load summary ......................................................................................................................................... 14

6 a.c. load analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 15

6.1 General.............................................................................................................................................................. 15

6.2 Minimum parameters required for the a.c. load analysis .............................................................. 15

6.3 Calculation of average power consumption ........................................................................................ 16

6.4 a.c. load summary ......................................................................................................................................... 16

7 Power source analysis ................................................................................................................................. 17

7.1 General.............................................................................................................................................................. 17

7.2 Derating ............................................................................................................................................................ 17

7.3 Growth capacity verification .................................................................................................................... 17

7.4 Power source utilisation ............................................................................................................................ 17

8 Battery analysis ............................................................................................................................................. 17

8.1 General.............................................................................................................................................................. 17

8.2 Initial charge state ........................................................................................................................................ 18

8.3 Determination of charge rate ................................................................................................................... 18

8.4 Remaining flight time .................................................................................................................................. 18

Annex A (informative) Example of power source utilisation ...................................................................... 19

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 22

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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
European foreword

This document (EN 3830:2022) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries

Association of Europe — Standardization (ASD-STAN).

After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this document has

received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of

ASD-STAN, prior to its presentation to CEN.

This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text

or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn

at the latest by August 2022.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

following countries are bound to implement this document: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,

Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North

Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United

Kingdom.
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
Introduction

This document is applicable to a.c. and d.c. aircraft electrical power systems in accordance with

EN 2282 and has been prepared under consideration of MIL-E-7016F. It describes the methods and

procedures necessary for the preparation of an electrical load analysis.
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
1 Scope

This document defines the method to establish an electrical load analysis which is used to compare the

supply capacity of an electrical power generation system with the power demand of the connected

electrical utilisation equipment.

It shall prove that the power sources are capable of supplying these loads under all electrical power

system states and aircraft operating conditions and that specified growth capacity for future

requirements is ensured.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 2282, Aerospace series — Characteristics of aircraft electrical supplies
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Electrical load and power analysis
3.1.1
electrical load and power analysis
an electrical load and power source analysis comprises two parts:

— an analysis of the capacity of an electrical power supply system (power source analysis) ;

— an analysis of the power requirements of the utilisation equipment connected to it (load analysis)

3.1.2
power source analysis

a power source analysis determines the capacity of a power supply system to satisfy the connected

utilisation equipment under all specified aircraft conditions and provides a calculation of the

percentage load growth capacity
3.1.3
load analysis

a load analysis is essentially a compilation of the electrical loads, grouped in accordance with the

busbar arrangement of the supplying power sources, and a summation of the equipment load values

required from these during the same aircraft operating conditions as specified for the power source

analysis
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
3.2 Electrical system
3.2.1
electrical system

the electrical system is an assembly constituted by the electrical power sources, utilisation equipment,

control and protection devices and all common connections of the installation
3.2.2
power supply system

a power supply system consists of one or more sources of the same nominal voltage and/or frequency,

and the corresponding power distribution system
3.2.2.1
power sources

power sources supply the power from the aircraft engines, a power conversion device, a ground power

unit or batteries
Examples of electrical power sources are:
— d.c. power sources:
• generators,
• transformer-rectifier units,
• batteries ;
— a.c. power sources:
• generators,
• transformers,
• inverters,
• frequency converters.
3.2.2.2
normal power sources

normal power sources supply electrical power to the utilisation equipment during normal system

operating conditions as defined in EN 2282
3.2.2.3
emergency power sources

emergency power sources supply electrical power to the utilisation equipment (or a specified part

thereof) in case of a failure of the normal power sources, as defined in EN 2282.

Emergency power sources may have limited (e.g. batteries) or unlimited (e.g. ram air generators)

supply duration, in general, they are limited in capacity, requiring a certain amount of load to be shed

during their operation
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
3.2.3
power distribution system

a power distribution system comprises all busbars connected to one or more power sources, including

the contactors required to connect or disconnect them
3.2.3.1
busbars

a busbar is an electrical conductor used for the common supply of two or more electrical loads

connected to it. According to the intended purpose, various types of busbars may be defined, e.g.:

a) main busbar or "primary busbar"

a main busbar is used for the central distribution of power during normal operating conditions and, in

case of more than one identical power sources, may be used to connect them;
b) sub-busbar or "secondary busbar"

a sub-busbar is used to supply a defined group of electrical loads during normal operating conditions.

Depending on the function and criticality of these loads, this busbar may be classed as essential busbar,

auxiliary busbar, monitoring busbar, etc. ;
c) emergency busbar

the emergency busbar is usually supplied by the normal power source – in case of failure – by the

emergency power sources to ensure continuous supply to those loads that are vital during emergency

operation;
d) battery busbar

connected to the aircraft battery, this busbar is used to supply utilisation equipment necessary for

aircraft ground operations (e.g. canopy, obstruction lights) as well as emergency in-flight

operations (e.g. crash switch, firewall valve(s))
3.2.4
utilisation equipment

utilisation equipment is defined as any equipment or any functional group of units consuming electrical

energy
3.2.5
primary system

a primary system is characterised by one or more power sources generating electrical power from non

electric energy.
A primary power source is independent from any other electrical power source.
EXAMPLES
— generator, main-engine driven, with connected loads;
— generator, auxiliary-power unit driven with connected loads;
— battery, as an emergency power source with connected loads.
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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)

NOTE In the case of a variable speed control frequency system being the main power source, the variable

speed control frequency components are considered as a generator.
3.2.6
secondary system

a secondary system is characterised by a power source that transforms/converts primary source power

to supply the loads connected to it. The secondary power system is entirely dependent upon the

primary system considered as a single load of the primary system, together with the connected loads.

Examples for a secondary system on an aircraft with:
— d.c. primary system: d.c./a.c. inverter with connected loads;
— a.c. primary system:
• transformer with connected loads,
• transformer-rectifier with connected loads.
3.3 Power ratings
3.3.1
nominal power ratings

the nominal power rating of an electrical device/unit of equipment, either power source or load, is its

nameplate rating which normally corresponds to continuous operation
3.3.2
power source overload capacity

the overload capacity of a power source is the potential output power, exceeding the nominal power for

short time intervals, and depends on the equipment specification, for example:
— 100 % rated power at continuous operation;
— 150 % rated power for 5 min;
— 200 % rated power for 5 s.

These figures (overload capacity and time intervals) may vary in line with the requirements specified

for the considered power source
3.3.3
power source interval rating

the interval rating of a power source is its maximum output power for a time interval defined in line

with the equipment overload capacity
3.4 Available power
3.4.1
available power

available power is the power which can be used simultaneously under steady-state conditions, taking

into account the specified conditions of use in the aircraft and the rated power of each power source

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SIST EN 3830:2022
EN 3830:2021 (E)
3.4.2
derating factor

the derating factor takes into account the effects of environmental and operating conditions of the

power sources (except batteries) which normally limit the full utilisation of the rated output power. The

derating factor is the product of the corresponding individual rating factors as applicable from the

following subclauses
3.4.2.1
mechanical rating factor

the mechanical rating factor takes into account a possible reduction of the generator output power,

resulting from the mechanical drive to the power input of the generator at rated load.

The mechanical rating factor is 1, if the thermal rating factor already results in a power reduction

3.4.2.2
electromagnetic rating factor

the electromagnetic rating factor equals the ratio of maximum allowable load at operating speed to

rated load. This rating factor shall be 1, if a power supply system is already limited by the mechanical or

thermal rating factor
3.4.2.3
thermal rating factor

the thermal rating factor takes into account the effect of varying environmental and operating

conditions of the cooling medium (oil or air) and the subsequent implications on the power source

output. Utilising the specific thermal capacity of the unit, a factor of 1 may be applied for the time

interval of 5 s, as in this case the effects of temperature, altitude and pressure drop may be neglected.

For time intervals longer than 5 s appropriate figures shall be obtained from calculations and/or test

documentation.

For power supply systems already limited by the mechanical or the electromagnetic rating factor, the

thermal rating factor shall be 1
3.4.2.4
paralleling rating factor

this factor shall be applied whenever power sources are operating in parallel. For generators,

the paralleling factor shall be 0,9 unless more precise load sharing capabilities can be established

3.4.2.5
voltage drop factor

the voltage drop factor takes into account the power output limitation resulting from the voltage drop

between the generator output terminals and the related busbar. It represents the ratio between the

nominal voltage of the aircraft electrical system at the point of regulation, and the voltage measured at

the outputs terminals of the generator at rated loaf.

If the generator system is designed for nominal power at the busbar, the voltage drop factor is 1

3.4.3
derated source power

the derated source power available at the input terminals of the utilisation equipment results from the

product of the power source interval rating and the derating factor (3.4.2) com
...