SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
(Main)Leather - Test for adhesion of finish (ISO 11644:2022)
Leather - Test for adhesion of finish (ISO 11644:2022)
This document specifies a method for measuring the adhesion of the finish to leather or the adhesion
between two adjacent layers of the finish.
The method is valid for all finished flexible leathers with a smooth surface that can be bonded to
an adherent plate without the adhesive penetrating into the finish. Preliminary experiments can be
necessary to determine whether these conditions are met.
This test method applies to finished leathers with a thick finish-coat.
The method specified in this document does not apply to unpigmented articles or articles without a
continuous coating layer, such as:
— nubuk;
— aniline;
— pull-up;
— suede;
— perforated leather.
Leder - Prüfung der Haftfestigkeit von Zurichtungen (ISO 11644:2022)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Haftfestigkeit der Zurichtung am Leder oder der Haftfestigkeit zwischen zwei aneinandergrenzenden Schichten der Zurichtung fest.
Das Verfahren ist für alle zugerichteten flexiblen Leder mit einer glatten Oberfläche gültig, die an einen Träger geklebt werden können, ohne dass der Klebstoff in die Zurichtung eindringt. Vorversuche können notwendig sein, um abzuklären, ob diese Bedingungen erfüllt werden.
Dieses Prüfverfahren ist für zugerichtete Leder mit einer dicken Beschichtung anzuwenden.
Das in diesem Dokument festgelegte Verfahren ist nicht für pigmentfreie Artikel oder Artikel ohne eine durchgängige Beschichtung anzuwenden, wie
— Nubukleder;
— Anilinleder;
— Fettleder;
— Veloursleder;
— perforiertes Leder.
Cuir - Essai d'adhérence de la couche de finissage (ISO 11644:2022)
Le présent document spécifie une méthode permettant de mesurer l'adhérence de la couche de finissage au cuir ou l'adhérence entre deux couches de finissage adjacentes.
Cette méthode convient pour tous les cuirs souples finis ayant une surface lisse pouvant être collée à une plaque d'adhérence sans pénétration de la colle à l'intérieur de la couche de finissage. Des expériences préliminaires peuvent s'avérer nécessaires pour s'assurer du respect de ces conditions.
Cette méthode d'essai s’applique à des cuirs finis à couche de finissage épaisse.
La méthode spécifiée dans le présent document ne s’applique pas aux articles non pigmentés, ni aux articles dépourvus de couche de revêtement continue, tels que
— le nubuk,
— l’aniline,
— le cuir «pull-up»,
— le cuir «suède»,
— le cuir perforé.
Usnje - Preskus vezave dodelavnih nanosov (ISO 11644:2022)
Ta dokument določa metodo za merjenje vezave dodelavnih nanosov na usnje oziroma vezave med dvema sosednjima plastema nanosov. Metoda se uporablja za vse vrste obdelanega upogljivega usnja z gladko površino, ki ga je mogoče prilepiti na lepljivo ploščo, ne da bi lepilo prodrlo v nanos. Za ugotovitev izpolnjevanja teh pogojev so morda potrebni predhodni poskusi. Ta preskusna metoda se uporablja za obdelano usnje z debelim zaključnim premazom. Metoda, določena v tem dokumentu, se ne uporablja za nepigmentirane izdelke ali izdelke brez neprekinjenega sloja premaza, kot so: – nubuk; – anilin; – »pull-up«; – semiš; – perforirano usnje.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
01-januar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 11644:2009
Usnje - Preskus vezave dodelavnih nanosov (ISO 11644:2022)
Leather - Test for adhesion of finish (ISO 11644:2022)
Leder - Prüfung der Haftfestigkeit von Zurichtungen (ISO 11644:2022)
Cuir - Essai d'adhérence de la couche de finissage (ISO 11644:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11644:2022
ICS:
59.140.30 Usnje in krzno Leather and furs
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023 sl,en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
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SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
EN ISO 11644
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 59.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 11644:2009
English Version
Leather - Test for adhesion of finish (ISO 11644:2022)
Cuir - Essai d'adhérence de la couche de finissage (ISO Leder - Prüfung der Haftfestigkeit von Zurichtungen
11644:2022) (ISO 11644:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 October 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11644:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
EN ISO 11644:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
EN ISO 11644:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 11644:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IULTCS
"International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 289 “Leather” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 11644:2009.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 11644:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11644:2022 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
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SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11644
IULTCS
IUF 470
Third edition
2022-10
Leather — Test for adhesion of finish
Cuir — Essai d'adhérence de la couche de finissage
Reference numbers
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus and materials .2
6 Preparation of test specimens . 4
7 Conditioning of the test specimens . 6
8 Procedure .6
9 Test report . 9
Annex A (informative) Commercial sources for apparatus and materials .11
Annex B (informative) Precision data from interlaboratory collaborative trial .12
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to
further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which
are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO
recognizes IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for
leather.
This document was prepared by the Fastness Tests Commission of the International Union of Leather
Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUF Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, in accordance with
the agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
It is based on IUF 470 published in J. Soc. Leather Tech. Chem., 74, pp. 155–160, 1990, and was declared
an official method of the IULTCS in September 1991.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11644:2009), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— Clause 1: addition in the Scope of exclusions from the field of application of unpigmented articles or
articles without a continuous coating layer;
— Clause 7: modifications of conditioning of test specimens and specimens bonding time;
— Clause 9: modifications in the test report.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
Introduction
Prior to the first edition of this document in 1993, a similar test method to that specified here, using
an expoxy adhesive and metal adherent plates, had been in use in the leather trade for many years, but
was never declared an official method by IULTCS or ISO. The adhesive frequently penetrates thin finish
films, thus increasing the adhesion value unrealistically, and it is usually not possible to measure wet
adhesion as there is insufficient adhesion to the metal when water is present. Finishes with insufficient
adhesion to the adhesive also occur quite frequently. In spite of these drawbacks, this old method was
used regularly and was referred to in many specifications. The method specified in this document
eliminates most of these drawbacks.
The adhesives used in this method harden quickly and there is no time for them to penetrate even quite
thin finishes unless the finish has open cracks in it. While adhesion to most finishes is sufficient, a few
cases still exist in which the adhesion is insufficient and either a different adhesive has to be used or the
surface lightly roughened. As the adhesive does not penetrate, it is quite possible to test different layers
of a multi-layer finish separately. Such a finish can be tested several times until all the layers have been
removed from the leather. It would be advisable for specifications to make allowance for this fact.
A strip of hard PVC is used as the adherent plate; this gives good adhesion under wet conditions. Wet
adhesion can therefore be measured easily. Experience has shown that this “real” wet-adhesion value is
often lower, a fact that is also to be considered when drawing up specifications based on this method.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
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SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
Leather — Test for adhesion of finish
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for measuring the adhesion of the finish to leather or the adhesion
between two adjacent layers of the finish.
The method is valid for all finished flexible leathers with a smooth surface that can be bonded to
an adherent plate without the adhesive penetrating into the finish. Preliminary experiments can be
necessary to determine whether these conditions are met.
This test method applies to finished leathers with a thick finish-coat.
The method specified in this document does not apply to unpigmented articles or articles without a
continuous coating layer, such as:
— nubuk;
— aniline;
— pull-up;
— suede;
— perforated leather.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-A02, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour
ISO 2418, Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location
ISO 2419, Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Sample preparation and conditioning
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
EN 15987, Leather — Terminology — Key definitions for the leather trade
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15987 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
adhesion
force required to pull the leather away from its surface finish layer, the force being applied steadily, at
an angle of about 90°, to a rigid adherent plate to which the finished side of the leather has been bonded
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
4 Principle
The finished side of part of a strip of leather is bonded to an adherent plate by means of an adhesive
film. Force is applied to the free end of the strip to peel the leather from the finish over a given distance,
the finish layer remaining on the adherent plate together with the film of adhesive. The force required
is measured and reported as the adhesion value of the finish.
The test is usually carried out on specimens conditioned in a standard atmosphere before testing. If
required, the test may additionally be carried out on wetted specimens or on specimens that have
previously been subjected to other treatments.
5 Apparatus and materials
5.1 Tensile-testing machine, incorporating the following features:
a) a force range appropriate to the specimen under test;
b) a uniform speed of separation of the jaws of 100 mm/min ± 5 mm/min;
c) suitable means for fixing the adherent plate holder (5.3) and either the hook link (5.4) or clamp
(5.5);
d) provision for recording a force-distance diagram during the test.
5.2 Adherent plate, comprising a piece of hard polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or another suitable material,
measuring approximately 70 mm × 20 mm × 3 mm, to which the leather specimen is bonded. PVC with a
high infrared (IR) absorption is preferred.
5.3 Adherent plate holder (see Figure 1), made of any suitable material, for holding the adherent
plate, to which the leather specimen has been bonded, in the lower clamp of the tensile-testing machine.
Optionally, the plates can be held firmly by screws through the sides of the plate holder, see Figure 5.
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 — Adherent plate holder (±2 mm for 35 mm, otherwise ± 1 mm)
Either:
2
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 11644:2023
ISO 11644:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2022(E)
5.4 Hook link, made of steel wire 1 mm to 2 mm in diameter, at least 200 mm long, for attaching the
free end of the leather specimen to the upper clamp of the tensile-testing machine (see Figures 2 and 4).
The length of the hook link ensures that the angle of peel always remains close to 90°.
Or:
5.5 Flat-jawed laboratory screw clamp (see Figure 3), suitable for clamping the leather sample
with a suitable attachment for connecting the laboratory clamp to the upper jaw of the tensile-testing
machine, see Figure 5. The length of this attachment should be approximately 250 mm long to ensure
that the angle of peel remains close to 90°. Alternatively, a flat-jawed device fitted directly to a tensile-
testing machine, such that a peel angle of 90° can be maintained throughout the test, may be used.
5.6 Punch, suitable for making a hole 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter in the leather specimen, if using the
hook link (5.4).
Dimensions i
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
01-februar-2022
Usnje - Preskus vezave dodelavnih nanosov (ISO/DIS 11644:2021)
Leather - Test for adhesion of finish (ISO/DIS 11644:2021)
Leder - Prüfung der Haftfestigkeit von Zurichtungen (ISO/DIS 11644:2021)
Cuir - Essai d'adhérence de la couche de finissage (ISO/DIS 11644:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 11644
ICS:
59.140.30 Usnje in krzno Leather and furs
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022 sl,en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 11644
IULTCS
IUF 470
IULTCS Secretariat: ISO
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-12-02 2022-02-24
Leather — Test for adhesion of finish
Cuir — Essai d'adhérence du finissage
ICS: 59.140.30
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference numbers
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus and materials .2
6 Preparation of test specimens . 4
7 Conditioning of the test specimens . 6
8 Procedure .6
9 Test report . 9
Annex A (informative) Commercial sources for apparatus and materials .10
Annex B (informative) Precision data from interlaboratory collaborative trial .11
iii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by the Fastness Tests Commission of the International Union of Leather
Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUF Commision, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, the secretariat of
which is held by UNI, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement). It is based on IUF 470 published in J. Soc. Leather Tech. Chem., 74, pp. 155-160,
1990, and was declared an official method of the IULTCS in September 1991.
IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to
further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which
are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO
recognizes IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for
leather.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11644:2009) which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— clause 1: addition in the Scope of exclusions from the field of application of unpigmented articles or
articles without continuous coating layer;
— clause 7: modifications of conditioning of test specimens and specimens bonding time;
— clause 9: modifications in the Test report.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
Introduction
Prior to the first edition of this International Standard in 1993, a similar test method to that specified
here, using an expoxy adhesive and metal adherent-plates had been in use in the leather trade for many
years, but was never declared an official method by IULTCS or ISO. The adhesive frequently penetrates
thin finish films, thus increasing the adhesion value unrealistically, and it is usually not possible to
measure wet adhesion, as there is insufficient adhesion to the metal when water is present. Finishes
with insufficient adhesion to the adhesive also occur quite frequently. In spite of these drawbacks, this
old method was used regularly and was referred to in many specifications. The method specified in this
International Standard eliminates most of these drawbacks.
The adhesives used in this method harden quickly and there is no time for them to penetrate even quite
thin finishes unless the finish has open cracks in it. While adhesion to most finishes is sufficient, a few
cases still exist in which the adhesion is insufficient and either a different adhesive has to be used or the
surface lightly roughened. As the adhesive does not penetrate, it is quite possible to test different layers
of a multi-layer finish separately. Such a finish can be tested several times until all the layers have been
removed from the leather. It would be advisable for specifications to make allowance for this fact.
A strip of hard PVC is used as the adherent-plate; this gives good adhesion under wet conditions. Wet
adhesion can therefore be measured easily. Experience has shown that this “real” wet-adhesion value is
often lower, a fact that must also be considered when drawing up specifications based on this method.
v
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
ISO/DIS 11644:2021(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
Leather — Test for adhesion of finish
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for measuring the adhesion of the finish to leather or
the adhesion between two adjacent layers of the finish.
The method is valid for all finished leathers with a smooth surface that can be bonded to an adherent-
plate without the adhesive penetrating into the finish. Preliminary experiments might be necessary to
determine whether these conditions are met.
This test method is applied to finished leathers with a thick finish-coat.
The method specified in this standard does not apply to unpigmented articles or without continuous
coating layer, such as
— nubuk,
— aniline,
— pull-up,
— suede,
— perforated leather.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-A02, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour
ISO 2418, Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location
ISO 2419, Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Sample preparation and conditioning
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15987 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
adhesion
force required to pull the leather away from its surface finish layer, the force being applied steadily, at
an angle of about 90°, to a rigid adherent-plate to which the finished side of the leather has been bonded
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IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
4 Principle
The finished side of part of a strip of leather is bonded to an adherent-plate by means of an adhesive
film. Force is applied to the free end of the strip to peel the leather from the finish over a given distance,
the finish layer remaining on the adherent-plate together with the film of adhesive. The force required
is measured and reported as the adhesion value of the finish.
The test is usually carried out on specimens conditioned in a standard atmosphere before testing. If
required, the test may additionally be carried out on wetted specimens or on specimens that have
previously been subjected to other treatments.
5 Apparatus and materials
5.1 Tensile-testing machine, incorporating the following features:
a) a force range appropriate to the specimen under test;
b) a uniform speed of separation of the jaws of 100 mm/min ± 5 mm/min;
c) suitable means for fixing the adherent-plate holder (5.3) and either the hook link (5.4) or clamp
(5.5);
d) provision for recording a force-distance diagram during the test.
5.2 Adherent-plate, comprising a piece of hard poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), or another suitable
material, measuring approximately 70 mm × 20 mm × 3 mm, to which the leather specimen is bonded.
PVC with a high infrared (IR) absorption is preferred.
5.3 Adherent-plate holder (see Figure 1), made of any suitable material, for holding the adherent-
plate, to which the leather specimen has been bonded, in the lower clamp of the tensile-testing machine.
Optionally, the plates can be held firmly by screws through the sides of the plate holder, see Figure 5.
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 — Adherent-plate holder (± 2 mm for 35 mm, otherwise ± 1 mm)
Either:
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oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
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IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
5.4 Hook link, made of steel wire 1 mm to 2 mm in diameter, at least 200 mm long, for attaching the
free end of the leather specimen to the upper clamp of the tensile-testing machine (see Figures 2 and 4).
The length of the hook link ensures that the angle of peel always remains close to 90°.
Or:
5.5 Flat-jawed laboratory screw clamp (see Figure 3), suitable for clamping the leather sample
with a suitable attachment for connecting the laboratory clamp to the upper jaw of the tensile-testing
machine, see Figure 5. The length of this attachment should be approximately 250 mm long to ensure
that the angle of peel remains close to 90°. Alternatively, a flat-jawed device fitted directly to a tensile-
testing machine, such that a peel angle of 90° can be maintained throughout the test, may be used.
5.6 Punch, suitable for making a hole 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter in the leather specimen, if using the
hook link (5.4).
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Hook link
Figure 3 — Flat-jawed clamp
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oSIST prEN ISO 11644:2022
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IULTCS/IUF 470:2021(E)
5.7 Adhesive, suitable for bonding the leather specimen to the adherent-plate. Types of adhesives
found to give satisfactory, reproducible results are
— a single-component cyanoacrylate adhesive, of the instant adhesive type that hardens and bonds
within a very short time to avoid penetration of the adhesive through the finish layer, and
— a two-component polyurethane adhesive, comprising a resin and a hardener.
For the two-component adhesive, usually 20 g of solid resin is dissolved in 80 g of ethyl aceta
...
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