SIST EN 12491:2016
(Main)Paragliding equipment - Emergency parachutes - Safety requirements and test methods
Paragliding equipment - Emergency parachutes - Safety requirements and test methods
This European Standard is applicable to emergency parachutes intended for use in single-seater or two-seater paragliders. The aim of this standard is to define a method of testing the resistance to dynamic stresses of an emergency parachute and to fix from that a minimum strength level and acceptable rate of descent.
Ausrüstung für das Gleitschirmfliegen - Rettungsfallschirme - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Rettungsfallschirme, die durch den Piloten ohne jede andere Unterstützung (mechanisch oder pyrotechnisch) ausgelöst werden und die zur Verwendung in einsitzigen und zweisitzigen Gleitschirmen vorgesehen sind.
Équipement pour le parapente - Parachute de secours - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d’essai
La présente Norme européenne est applicable aux parachutes de secours déployés sous l’action du pilote sans aucune autre assistance (mécanique ou pyrotechnique), et qui sont prévus pour être utilisés avec des parapentes monoplaces ou biplaces.
Oprema za jadralno padalstvo - Varnostna padala - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne metode
Ta evropski standard se uporablja za varnostna padala, namenjena za uporabo na enosedežnih in dvosedežnih jadralnih padalih. Cilj tega standarda je določiti metodo za preskušanje odpornosti proti dinamičnim obremenitvam varnostnega padala ter na podlagi tega določiti minimalno trdnost in sprejemljivo hitrost spuščanja.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Oprema za jadralno padalstvo - Varnostna padala - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne metodeAusrüstung für das Gleitschirmfliegen - Rettungsfallschirme - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenÉquipement pour le parapente - Parachute de secours - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d’essaiParagliding equipment - Emergency parachutes - Safety requirements and test methods97.220.40Oprema za športe na prostem in vodne športeOutdoor and water sports equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12491:2015SIST EN 12491:2016en,fr,de01-januar-2016SIST EN 12491:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12491:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 12491:2016
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12491
November
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{ yä t t rä v r Supersedes EN
s t v { sã t r r sEnglish Version
Paragliding equipment æ Emergency parachutes æ Safety requirements and test methods Équipement pour le parapente æ Parachute de secours æExigences de sécurité et méthodes d 5essai
Ausrüstung für das Gleitschirmfliegen æ Rettungsfallschirme æ Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t x September
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egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey andUnited Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s w CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s t v { sã t r s w ESIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Safety requirements . 8 4.1 Deployment system . 8 4.2 Speed of opening . 8 4.3 Descent rate and stability . 8 4.3.1 Unsteerable parachute . 8 4.3.2 Steerable parachute . 8 4.4 Strength . 9 4.5 Additional requirements for steerable parachutes . 9 5 Test methods . 9 5.1 Test apparatus. 9 5.2 Test conditions . 9 5.3 Procedure. 9 5.3.1 General . 9 5.3.2 Deployment system strength test . 10 5.3.3 Speed of opening test . 10 5.3.4 Descent rate and stability test . 10 5.3.5 Strength test . 10 5.3.6 Additional tests for steerable parachutes . 11 6 Test files . 11 6.1 Test file information . 11 6.2 Items accompanying the test files . 12 7 Manufacturing record . 12 8 User's manual . 12 9 Marking . 14 Annex A (informative)
Example of marking label . 15 Annex B (normative)
Formula to be used for correcting the test mass for differences from ICAO standard atmosphere . 16 Annex C (informative)
Example drop test device . 17
SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 12491:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12491:2001. This standard is one of a package of standards on equipment for paragliding as follows: — EN 926-1, Paragliding equipment — Paragliders — Part 1: Requirements and test methods for structural strength; — EN 926-2, Paragliding equipment — Paragliders — Part 2: Requirements and test methods for classifying flight safety characteristics; — EN 1651, Paragliding equipment — Harnesses — Safety requirements and strength tests; — EN 12491, Paragliding equipment — Emergency parachutes — Safety requirements and test methods. In comparison with the previous edition EN 12491:2001, the following significant changes have been made: a) editorial revision; b) introduction of characteristics and requirements for steerable parachutes; c) update of test files information and items accompanying the test file; d) update of user manual content. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 4 Introduction The aim of this European Standard is to enhance paraglider pilots' safety by testing to confirm that emergency parachutes are likely to be able to perform their intended function. The tests do not include any compatibility tests with alternative inner containers. Emergency parachutes shall be supplied by the manufacturer for testing complete with attachments suitable for connection to an EN 1651 paragliding harness, and parachutes will be tested as if they were so connected. These connections are made in such a way, and/or using resistant material, so that they are not subject to friction or heat failure due to the tightening or slipping possible under shock loads. Any metal link is installed in such a way as to minimize any risk of injury to the pilot in an emergency deployment, and to ensure that it will be loaded in the direction of its maximum strength. SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to emergency parachutes deployed by the action of the pilot without any other assistance (mechanical or pyrotechnic), intended for use with single-seater or two-seater paragliders. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 926-1, Paragliding equipment — Paragliders — Part 1: Requirements and test methods for structural strength EN 1651, Paragliding equipment — Harnesses — Safety requirements and strength tests 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 paraglider ultra light glider with no primary rigid structure, for which take-off and landing are on foot, with the pilot (and potentially one passenger) carried in a harness (or harnesses) connected to the wing 3.2 emergency parachute emergency device intended to slow the descent of a paraglider pilot in the event of an incident in flight, which is deployed by the pilot by an intentional manual action Note 1 to entry: This may be unsteered or steerable. 3.3 riser lowest part of the parachute system, which is connected to the harness Note 1 to entry: Examples of risers are presented in Figure 1 and Figure 2. 3.4 suspension lines multiple cords connecting the emergency parachute canopy to the riser(s) SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 6
Key 1 suspension lines 2 riser 3 paragliding harness emergency parachute bridle Figure 1 — Example of unsteerable emergency parachute components SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 7
Key 1 suspension lines 2 risers Figure 2 — Example of steerable emergency parachute components 3.5 outer container external container, either supplied as part of the harness, or by the parachute manufacturer for attachment to a harness 3.6 inner container or deployment bag container of the folded emergency parachute 3.7 deployment system inner container and either the handle attachment point(s) or handle assembly 3.8 emergency parachute system emergency parachute combined with its deployment system SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 8 3.9 shock absorbing device any special component fitted within the parachute system to reduce the opening shock forces on the pilot and parachute in high speed deployments Note 1 to entry: If fitted they should be clearly identified, by label and colour, and maintenance (and replacement) instructions included in the user's manual. 3.10 drop test device rigid test object, of adjustable mass, with one rigid attachment point for the emergency parachute 3.11 payload total weight in flight minus weight of paraglider 3.12 steerable parachute emergency parachute fitted with controls for steering and landing flare 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Deployment system When tested in accordance with 5.3.2, there shall be no failure of any component of the deployment system. 4.2 Speed of opening When tested in accordance with 5.3.3, in both tests the time interval shall be less than 4 s. 4.3 Descent rate and stability 4.3.1 Unsteerable parachute When tested twice in accordance with 5.3.4: a) in each test the average rate of descent (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than 5,5 m/s; b) in each test the average horizontal airspeed (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than the average rate of descent (glide ratio less than 1:1); c) in each test any oscillations shall reduce; d) the emergency parachute system shall not suffer any permanent deformation (except in the case of any shock absorbing device which is intended to be replaced after any deployment). 4.3.2 Steerable parachute When tested twice in accordance with 5.3.4: a) in each test the average rate of descent (corrected to ICAO standard atmosphere, see Annex B) shall be less than 4 m/s; SIST EN 12491:2016
EN 12491:2015 (E) 9 b)
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