SIST ISO 26162-3:2024
(Main)Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 3: Content
Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 3: Content
This document specifies content-related aspects of terminology database maintenance. It gives guidance on the content of terminological data collections, with emphasis on data quality evaluation.
This document gives guidance for modellers of concept entries who need to ensure interoperability and high-quality content. It aims to ensure that terminological data collections themselves meet high standards for design conformity with standards such as ISO 12620-1 and ISO 16642, data accuracy and performance. It outlines principles for assuring data quality (see ISO 9001) and evaluating terminological data collections for purposes of continuous improvement. This approach contrasts that of ISO 23185:2009, which focuses on the usability of existing terminology resources.
This document does not apply to the management of text corpora or to term extraction tools.
Gestion des ressources terminologiques — Bases de données terminologiques — Partie 3: Contenu
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 3. del: Vsebina
Ta dokument določa vsebinske vidike vzdrževanja terminološke baze podatkov. Podaja smernice glede vsebine terminoloških baz podatkov s poudarkom na vrednotenju kakovosti podatkov.
Ta dokument podaja smernice za oblikovalce vnosov pojmov, ki morajo zagotoviti interoperabilnost in visokokakovostno vsebino. Njegov namen je zagotoviti, da terminološke baze podatkov dosegajo visoka merila za oblikovno skladnost s standardi, kot sta ISO 12620-1 in ISO 16642, ter točnost podatkov in zmogljivost. Opisuje načela za zagotavljanje kakovosti podatkov (glej standard ISO 9001) in vrednotenje terminoloških baz podatkov za nenehno izboljševanje. Ta pristop je v nasprotju s pristopom iz standarda ISO 23185:2009, ki se osredotoča na uporabnost obstoječih terminoloških virov.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za upravljanje besedilnih korpusov ali orodja za ekstrakcijo izrazov.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2024
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 3. del: Vsebina
Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 3: Content
Gestion des ressources terminologiques — Bases de données terminologiques — Partie
3: Contenu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 26162-3:2023
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-3
First edition
2023-01
Management of terminology
resources —
Terminology databases —
Part 3:
Content
Gestion des ressources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 3: Contenu
Reference number
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Identifying terms . . 3
4.1 Requirements for term selection . 3
4.2 Unithood and termhood . 4
4.3 Corpora and term extraction . 5
5 Collecting terminological data.6
5.1 Data requirements . 6
5.1.1 Evaluation procedure . . 6
5.1.2 Quality data . . 6
5.1.3 Purpose of the termbase . 6
5.1.4 Data correctness . 6
5.1.5 Fitness for use . 7
5.2 Data model. 8
5.3 Data categories . 8
5.4 Data portability. 8
6 Validating concept entry quality .8
6.1 General validation criteria . 8
6.2 Error typology and system design . 8
6.3 Error types . 9
6.3.1 Termbase specification and maintenance . 9
6.3.2 Error types associated with the inclusion of concept entries . 9
6.3.3 Error types associated with automatically generated content . 9
6.3.4 Error types associated with open data categories . 10
6.3.5 Error types associated with closed data categories. 10
Annex A (informative) Evaluation models.11
Annex B (informative) Sample concept entry .13
Annex C (informative) Sample error typology .17
Bibliography .21
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
A list of all parts in the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Managers, educators and terminology database maintenance authorities conduct both periodic and
continuous evaluation of terminology databases containing concept entries for a number of purposes:
— quality assurance-related validation of terminological data collections in business, government and
non-governmental organizations;
— formative assessment and summative evaluation and feedback in training and educational
environments.
ISO 26162-1 and ISO 26162-2 specify design principles and software considerations for modelling
terminology databases (termbases). ISO 26162-1 establishes the general principles of termbase design
as outlined in core ISO/TC 37 standards, such as ISO 704, which, among other topics, treats general
principles for concept entry content and structure, term identification, basic principles for modelling
concept systems and a range of other areas associated with terminology work. ISO 26162-1 also
encourages conformity to the terminological metamodel as outlined in ISO 16642. It describes the role
that data categories play in modelling terminological data and sets down basic principles for ensuring
and evaluating the quality of data stored in termbases, such as data granularity, elementarity and
modelling variance. These criteria comprise fundamental benchmarks against which to measure the
quality and reliability of terminological data. ISO 26162-2 relates the principles outlined in ISO 26162-1
to the implementation of database design with respect to software and user interface considerations,
together with pragmatic workflow implementations in terminology management environments.
This document provides guidance for defining procedures for ensuring high-quality content in
terminological data collections designed to meet documentation needs in a range of environments
involving, for instance, translation, interpreting and technical communication. Conformity to this
document can strengthen processes designed to support a quality management system, such as
ISO 9001, and the related auditing procedures in a translation, interpreting or technical communication
environment. An error typology is presented in the framework of an overall evaluation model, with
generic (non-standardized) options for creating a concept entry evaluation model, depending on the
needs of users and of the sponsoring organization.
Annexes A to C provide pragmatic advice on error evaluation practice. Annex A describes the creation
of scoring models reflecting the error typology described in Clause 6, allowing for design variations
depending on organization needs. For instance, a given scoring model can form the basis for a score
card used for students and trainees, which is likely to be different from a score card used for a major
enterprise or a national term bank.
Annex B presents a sample term entry. Annex C presents a sample evaluation model that can be adopted
or adapted to meet the needs of terminologists, individuals working as freelancers or in companies,
governmental organizations and NGOs. The values in this evaluation model can be used to create a
scoring method, with the understanding that actual scoring practice is likely to vary according to
specifications and user needs.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-3:2023(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 3:
Content
1 Scope
This document specifies content-related aspects of terminology database maintenance. It gives
guidance on the content of terminological data collections, with emphasis on data quality evaluation.
This document gives guidance for modellers of concept entries who need to ensure interoperability
and high-quality content. It aims to ensure that terminological data collections themselves meet high
standards for design conformity with standards such as ISO 12620-1 and ISO 16642, data accuracy
and performance. It outlines principles for assuring data quality (see ISO 9001) and evaluating
terminological data collections for purposes of continuous improvement. This approach
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-3
First edition
2023-01
Management of terminology
resources —
Terminology databases —
Part 3:
Content
Gestion des ressources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 3: Contenu
Reference number
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Identifying terms . . 3
4.1 Requirements for term selection . 3
4.2 Unithood and termhood . 4
4.3 Corpora and term extraction . 5
5 Collecting terminological data.6
5.1 Data requirements . 6
5.1.1 Evaluation procedure . . 6
5.1.2 Quality data . . 6
5.1.3 Purpose of the termbase . 6
5.1.4 Data correctness . 6
5.1.5 Fitness for use . 7
5.2 Data model. 8
5.3 Data categories . 8
5.4 Data portability. 8
6 Validating concept entry quality .8
6.1 General validation criteria . 8
6.2 Error typology and system design . 8
6.3 Error types . 9
6.3.1 Termbase specification and maintenance . 9
6.3.2 Error types associated with the inclusion of concept entries . 9
6.3.3 Error types associated with automatically generated content . 9
6.3.4 Error types associated with open data categories . 10
6.3.5 Error types associated with closed data categories. 10
Annex A (informative) Evaluation models.11
Annex B (informative) Sample concept entry .13
Annex C (informative) Sample error typology .17
Bibliography .21
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
A list of all parts in the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Managers, educators and terminology database maintenance authorities conduct both periodic and
continuous evaluation of terminology databases containing concept entries for a number of purposes:
— quality assurance-related validation of terminological data collections in business, government and
non-governmental organizations;
— formative assessment and summative evaluation and feedback in training and educational
environments.
ISO 26162-1 and ISO 26162-2 specify design principles and software considerations for modelling
terminology databases (termbases). ISO 26162-1 establishes the general principles of termbase design
as outlined in core ISO/TC 37 standards, such as ISO 704, which, among other topics, treats general
principles for concept entry content and structure, term identification, basic principles for modelling
concept systems and a range of other areas associated with terminology work. ISO 26162-1 also
encourages conformity to the terminological metamodel as outlined in ISO 16642. It describes the role
that data categories play in modelling terminological data and sets down basic principles for ensuring
and evaluating the quality of data stored in termbases, such as data granularity, elementarity and
modelling variance. These criteria comprise fundamental benchmarks against which to measure the
quality and reliability of terminological data. ISO 26162-2 relates the principles outlined in ISO 26162-1
to the implementation of database design with respect to software and user interface considerations,
together with pragmatic workflow implementations in terminology management environments.
This document provides guidance for defining procedures for ensuring high-quality content in
terminological data collections designed to meet documentation needs in a range of environments
involving, for instance, translation, interpreting and technical communication. Conformity to this
document can strengthen processes designed to support a quality management system, such as
ISO 9001, and the related auditing procedures in a translation, interpreting or technical communication
environment. An error typology is presented in the framework of an overall evaluation model, with
generic (non-standardized) options for creating a concept entry evaluation model, depending on the
needs of users and of the sponsoring organization.
Annexes A to C provide pragmatic advice on error evaluation practice. Annex A describes the creation
of scoring models reflecting the error typology described in Clause 6, allowing for design variations
depending on organization needs. For instance, a given scoring model can form the basis for a score
card used for students and trainees, which is likely to be different from a score card used for a major
enterprise or a national term bank.
Annex B presents a sample term entry. Annex C presents a sample evaluation model that can be adopted
or adapted to meet the needs of terminologists, individuals working as freelancers or in companies,
governmental organizations and NGOs. The values in this evaluation model can be used to create a
scoring method, with the understanding that actual scoring practice is likely to vary according to
specifications and user needs.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-3:2023(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 3:
Content
1 Scope
This document specifies content-related aspects of terminology database maintenance. It gives
guidance on the content of terminological data collections, with emphasis on data quality evaluation.
This document gives guidance for modellers of concept entries who need to ensure interoperability
and high-quality content. It aims to ensure that terminological data collections themselves meet high
standards for design conformity with standards such as ISO 12620-1 and ISO 16642, data accuracy
and performance. It outlines principles for assuring data quality (see ISO 9001) and evaluating
terminological data collections for purposes of continuous improvement. This approach contrasts that
of ISO 23185:2009, which focuses on the usability of existing terminology resources.
This document does not apply to the management of text corpora or to term extraction tools.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1087, Terminology work and terminology science — Vocabulary
ISO 26162-1, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 1: Design
ISO 26162-2:2019, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 2: Software
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia
...
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