SIST EN 60507:2014
(Main)Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems
EN IEC 60507 is applicable for the determination of the power frequency withstand characteristics of ceramic and glass insulators to be used outdoors and exposed to polluted atmospheres, on a.c. systems with the highest voltage of the system greater than 1 000 V. These tests are not directly applicable to polymeric insulators, to greased insulators or to special types of insulators (insulators with semiconducting glaze or covered with any organic insulating material). The object of this International Standard is to prescribe procedures for artificial pollution tests applicable to insulators for overhead lines, substations and traction lines and to bushings It may also be applied to hollow insulators with suitable precautions to avoid internal flashover. In applying these procedures to apparatus incorporating hollow insulators, the relevant technical committees should consider their effect on any internal equipment and the special precautions which may be necessary.
Fremdschichtprüfungen an Hochspannungs-Isolatoren aus Keramik und Glas zur Anwendung in Wechselspannungssystemen
Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatif
L'IEC 60507:2013 est applicable à la détermination des caractéristiques de tenue à fréquence industrielle des isolateurs en céramique ou en verre qui sont à utiliser à l'extérieur et exposés à des atmosphères polluées, sur des réseaux à courant alternatif dont la tension la plus élevée du réseau est supérieure à 1 000 V. Ces essais ne sont pas directement applicables aux isolateurs polymériques, aux isolateurs graissés ou à des types particuliers d'isolateurs (revêtus d'un émail semi-conducteur ou couverts d'un matériau organique isolant). La présente Norme internationale a pour but de spécifier les exigences des procédures d'essais sous pollution artificielle applicables aux isolateurs pour lignes aériennes, pour postes et pour lignes de traction électrique, ainsi qu'aux traversées. Elle peut également s'appliquer aux isolateurs creux, avec des précautions appropriées afin d'éviter l'amorçage intérieur. Lors de l'application de ces procédures aux appareils dotés d'isolateurs creux, il convient que les comités d'études concernés tiennent compte de leur effet sur tout matériel interne et prennent les précautions particulières qui peuvent être nécessaires. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente: a) Corrections et ajout d'éléments explicatifs; b) Ajout du paragraphe 4.3.2 relatif à la correction atmosphérique; c) La modification de la limite supérieure de la conductivité de l'eau à 0,1 S/m; d) Extension des tensions à la gamme ultra haute tension (UHV).
Preskusi z umetnim onesnaženjem visokonapetostnih keramičnih in steklenih izolatorjev, namenjenih za sisteme z izmenično napetostjo
Standard EN IEC 60507 se uporablja za ugotavljanje značilnosti obratovalnih frekvenc keramičnih in plinskih izolatorjev, ki se uporabljajo na prostem in so izpostavljeni onesnaženi atmosferi, namenjenih za sisteme z izmenično napetostjo, pri čemer je najvišja napetost sistema višja od 1000 V. Ti preskusi se ne uporabljajo neposredno za polimerne izolatorje, namaščene izolatorje ali posebne vrste izolatorjev (izolatorje, obdane s polprevodnim premazom ali poljubnim organskim izolacijskim materialom). Namen tega mednarodnega standarda je določiti postopke za preskuse umetnega onesnaževanja, ki se uporabljajo za izolatorje za nadzemne vode, razdelilne postaje in vlečne vode ter za skoznjike. Uporablja se lahko tudi za votle izolatorje, pri čemer so potrebni ustrezni previdnostni ukrepi, da se prepreči notranji preboj. Pri uporabi teh postopkov za aparate, ki zajemajo votle izolatorje, naj bi ustrezni tehnični odbori upoštevali njihov učinek na kakršno koli notranjo opremo in posebne previdnostne ukrepe, ki so morda potrebni.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60507:2014
01-oktober-2014
Preskusi z umetnim onesnaženjem visokonapetostnih keramičnih in steklenih
izolatorjev, namenjenih za sisteme z izmenično napetostjo
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c.
systems
Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et en verre
destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatif
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60507:2014
ICS:
29.080.10 Izolatorji Insulators
SIST EN 60507:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 60507:2014
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SIST EN 60507:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60507
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2014
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.080.10 Supersedes EN 60507:1993
English version
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to
be used on a.c. systems
(IEC 60507:2013)
Essais sous pollution artificielle des Fremdschichtprüfungen an
isolateurs haute tension en céramique et Hochspannungs-Isolatoren aus Keramik
en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant und Glas zur Anwendung in
alternatif Wechselspannungssystemen
(CEI 60507:2013) (IEC 60507:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-01-17. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60507:2014 E
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SIST EN 60507:2014
EN 60507:2014 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 36/337/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60507, prepared by IEC/TC 36 "Insulators"
was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60507:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2014-10-17
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2017-01-17
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60507:1993.
EN 60507:2014 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 60507:1993:
a) Corrections and the addition of explanatory material;
b) The addition of Clause 4.4.2 on atmospheric correction;
c) The change of the upper limit of conductivity of water to 0.1 S/m; and
d) The extension to UHV voltages.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60507:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
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SIST EN 60507:2014
- 3 - EN 60507:2014
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to i nternational publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60060-1 - High-voltage test techniques - EN 60060-1 -
Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
IEC 60071-1 - Insulation co-ordination - EN 60071-1 -
Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC/TS 60815-1 - Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage - -
insulators intended for use in polluted
conditions -
Part 1: Definitions, information and general
principles
IEC/TS 60815-2 - Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage - -
insulators intended for use in polluted
conditions -
Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c.
systems
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SIST EN 60507:2014
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SIST EN 60507:2014
IEC 60507
®
Edition 3.0 2013-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used
on a.c. systems
Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et
en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatif
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX W
ICS 29.080.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-1297-4
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 60507:2014
– 2 – 60507 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 General test requirements . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Test method . 10
4.3 Arrangement of insulator for test . 10
4.3.1 Test configuration . 10
4.3.2 Cleaning of insulator . 11
4.4 Requirements for the testing plant . 11
4.4.1 Test voltage . 11
4.4.2 Atmospheric corrections . 11
4.4.3 Minimum short-circuit current . 12
5 Salt fog method . 13
5.1 General information . 13
5.2 Salt solution . 13
5.3 Spraying system . 15
5.4 Conditions before starting the test. 18
5.5 Preconditioning process . 18
5.6 Withstand test . 19
5.7 Acceptance criterion for the withstand test . 19
6 Solid layer methods . 19
6.1 General information . 19
6.2 Main characteristics of inert materials . 20
6.3 Composition of the contaminating suspension . 20
6.3.1 General . 20
6.3.2 Kieselguhr composition . 20
6.3.3 Kaolin (or Tonoko) composition . 21
6.4 Application of the pollution layer . 22
6.5 Determination of the degree of pollution of the tested insulator . 23
6.5.1 General . 23
6.5.2 Layer conductivity (K) . 23
6.5.3 Salt deposit density (SDD) . 23
6.6 General requirements for the wetting of the pollution layer . 24
6.7 Test procedures . 24
6.7.1 General . 24
6.7.2 Procedure A – Wetting before and during energization . 24
6.7.3 Procedure B – Wetting after energization . 26
6.8 Withstand test and acceptance criterion (common to both Procedures A
and B) . 27
Annex A (informative) Supplementary information on the assessment of the
requirement for the testing plant . 28
Annex B (informative) Determination of the withstand characteristics of insulators . 29
B.1 General . 29
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SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
B.2 Determination of the maximum withstand salinity at a given test voltage . 29
B.3 Determination of the maximum withstand voltage, or of the 50 %
withstand voltage, at a given reference layer conductivity, or at a given
reference salt deposit density . 29
B.3.1 Maximum withstand voltage . 29
B.3.2 50 % withstand voltage . 30
B.4 Withstand values of reference suspension insulators . 30
Annex C (informative) Measurement of layer conductivity for checking the uniformity of
the layer . 32
Annex D (informative) Additional recommendations concerning the solid layer method
procedures. 34
D.1 General . 34
D.2 Contamination practice . 34
D.3 Drying of the pollution layer . 34
D.4 Check of the wetting action of the fog . 34
D.5 Checking fog uniformity for large or complex test objects . 35
D.6 Fog input in the test chamber . 35
D.7 Minimum duration of the withstand test . 35
D.8 Evaluation of the reference salt deposit density (SDD) . 36
Annex E (informative) Supplementary information on artificial pollution tests on
insulators for voltage systems of 800 kV and above (solid layer method procedure B) . 37
E.1 Introduction . 37
E.2 Test chamber . 37
E.3 Fog generator . 37
E.4 Wetting action and uniformity of fog density . 37
Bibliography . 38
Figure 1 – Minimum short-circuit current, I , required for the testing plant as a
sc min
function of the unified specific creepage distance (USCD) of the insulator under test . 13
Figure 2 – Value of factor b as a function of solution temperature . 15
Figure 3 – Typical construction of fog spray nozzle . 17
Figure 4 – Test layout for inclined insulators . 18
Figure 5 – Typical arrangement of steam-fog generator . 26
Figure C.1 – Arrangement of the probe electrodes (all dimensions in mm) . 32
Figure C.2 – Circuit diagram of the meter . 33
Figure D.1 – Control of the wetting action of the steam fog: Layer conductance
recording during the test on the chosen dummy insulator (standard type of Table B.1) . 36
Table 1 – Salt-fog method: correspondence between the value of salinity, volume
conductivity and density of the solution at a temperature of 20 °C . 14
Table 2 – Main characteristics of the inert materials used in solid layer suspensions . 20
Table 3 – Kieselguhr composition: approximate correspondence between the
reference degrees of pollution on the insulator and the volume conductivity of the
suspension at a temperature of 20 °C . 21
Table 4 – Kaolin (or Tonoko) composition: approximate correspondence between the
reference degrees of pollution on the insulator and the volume conductivity of the
suspension at a temperature of 20 °C . 22
Table A.1 – Expected I values related to different USCD values . 28
h max
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SIST EN 60507:2014
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Table B.1 – Ranges of values of withstand characteristics of reference suspension
insulators in artificial pollution tests . 31
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SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
______________
ARTIFICIAL POLLUTION TESTS ON HIGH-VOLTAGE CERAMIC
AND GLASS INSULATORS TO BE USED ON A.C. SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60507 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 36:
Insulators.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1991. This third edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Corrections and the addition of explanatory material;
b) The addition of Clause 4.3.2 on atmospheric correction;
c) The change of the upper limit of conductivity of water to 0.1 S/m; and
d) The extension to UHV voltages.
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SIST EN 60507:2014
– 6 – 60507 © IEC:2013
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
36/337/FDIS 36/342/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The
committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related
to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 7 –
ARTIFICIAL POLLUTION TESTS ON HIGH-VOLTAGE CERAMIC
AND GLASS INSULATORS TO BE USED ON A.C. SYSTEMS
1 Scope
This International Standard is applicable for the determination of the power frequency
withstand characteristics of ceramic and glass insulators to be used outdoors and exposed to
polluted atmospheres, on a.c. systems with the highest voltage of the system greater than
1 000 V.
These tests are not directly applicable to polymeric insulators, to greased insulators or to
special types of insulators (insulators with semiconducting glaze or covered with any organic
insulating material).
The object of this International Standard is to prescribe procedures for artificial pollution tests
applicable to insulators for overhead lines, substations and traction lines and to bushings
It may also be applied to hollow insulators with suitable precautions to avoid internal flashover.
In applying these procedures to apparatus incorporating hollow insulators, the relevant
technical committees should consider their effect on any internal equipment and the special
precautions which may be necessary.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60071-1, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC/TS 60815-1, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in
polluted conditions – Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles
IEC/TS 60815-2, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in
polluted conditions – Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c. systems
IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
test voltage
the r.m.s. value of the voltage with which the insulator is continuously energized throughout
the test
3.2
short-circuit current (I ) of the testing plant
sc
the r.m.s. value of the current delivered by the testing plant when the test object is short-
circuited at the test voltage
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SIST EN 60507:2014
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3.3
unified specific creepage distance
USCD
the creepage distance of an insulator divided by the maximum operating voltage across the
insulator (for a.c. systems usually U /√3)
m
Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mm/kV.
Note 2 to entry: This definition differs from that of Specific Creepage Distance where the phase-to-phase value of
the highest voltage for the equipment is used. For phase-to-earth insulation, this definition will result in a value that
is √3 times that given by the definition of Specific Creepage Distance in IEC/TS 60815 (1986). See Annex J of
IEC 60815-1:2008 for details.
3.4
form factor of an insulator
Ff
dimensionless number that presents the length (l) of the partial creepage distance divided by
the integrated width (p)
Note 1 to entry: For insulators, the length is in the direction of the creepage distance and the width is the
circumference of the insulator.
Note 2 to entry: The form factor is calculated by the formula
L
dl
Ff=
∫
p(l)
0
where
L is the total creepage distance
p(l) = 2π.r(l)
1
For graphical estimation of the form factor, the reciprocal value of the insulator circumference ( ) is plotted
p
versus the partial creepage distance l counted from the end of the insulator up to the point reckoned. The form
factor is given by the area under this curve.
3.5
salinity
S
a
concentration of the solution of salt in tap water, expressed by the amount of salt divided by
the volume of solution
3
Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in kg/m .
3.6
pollution layer
a conducting electrolytic layer on the insulator surface, composed of salt plus inert materials
Note 1 to entry: The conductance of the pollution layer on the insulator is measured in accordance with 6.5.1.
3.7
layer conductivity (K)
the conductance of the pollution layer multiplied by the form factor
Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in µS.
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SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 9 –
3.8
salt deposit density
SDD
amount of sodium chloride in an artificial deposit on a given surface of the insulator (metal
parts and assembling materials are not to be included in this surface) divided by the area of
this surface
2
Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mg/cm .
3.9
degree of pollution
the value of the quantity (salinity, layer conductivity, salt deposit density) which characterizes
the artificial pollution applied to the tested insulator
3.10
reference salinity
the value of the salinity used to characterize a test
3.11
reference layer conductivity
the value of the layer conductivity used to characterize a test
Note 1 to entry: This is defined as the maximum value of the conductivity of the wetted layer of an insulator
energized only for performing the conductance measurements.
3.12
reference salt deposit density
the value of the salt deposit density used to characterize a test
Note 1 to entry: This is defined as the average of the salt deposit density values measured on a few insulators (or
on parts of them), which are chosen for this purpose from among the contaminated ones prior to their submission
to any test.
3.13
specified withstand degree of pollution
the reference degree of pollution at which an insulator shall withstand the specified test
voltage in at least three tests out of four, under the conditions described in the relevant
Clauses 5.6 or 6.8
3.14
maximum withstand degree of pollution
the highest degree of pollution at which at least three withstand tests out of four can be
obtained at the specified test voltage, under the conditions described in the relevant clauses
5.6 or 6.8.
3.15
specified withstand voltage
the test voltage at which an insulator shall withstand the specified degree of pollution in at
least three tests out of four, under the conditions described in the relevant 5.6 or 6.8
3.16
maximum withstand voltage
the highest test voltage at which at least three withstand tests out of four can be obtained at
the specified degree of pollution, under the conditions described in the relevant 5.6 or 6.8
3.17
non-soluble deposit density
NSDD
amount of non-soluble residue removed from a given surface of the insulator, divided by the
area of this surface
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SIST EN 60507:2014
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2
Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mg/cm .
4 General test requirements
4.1 General
Pollution tests can be carried out for two main objectives:
• to obtain information about the pollution performance of insulators e.g. for comparison of
different insulator types/profile
• to check the performance in a configuration as close as possible to the in-service one.
To reach the first objective, tests on relatively short insulator sets – if representative of the full
set in terms of radial geometry and profile – may be sufficient. Results of such tests on
insulators with an arcing length higher than 1 m can be linearly extrapolated up to and
including the UHV range, at least for pollution ranging from medium to very heavy.
Tests to reach the second objective may be agreed between the manufacturer and the user
whenever optimisation of the design is necessary and/or whenever it is expected that the
mounting condition or the inner active parts in apparatus can affect the performance. Such
tests shall be made simulating the relevant service conditions as closely as possible. In
particular
...
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatifArtificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems29.080.10IzolatorjiInsulatorsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 60507:2014SIST EN 60507:2014en01-oktober-2014SIST EN 60507:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 60507:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60507 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2014
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60507:2014 E
ICS 29.080.10 Supersedes EN 60507:1993
English version
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems (IEC 60507:2013)
Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatif (CEI 60507:2013)
Fremdschichtprüfungen an Hochspannungs-Isolatoren aus Keramik und Glas zur Anwendung in Wechselspannungssystemen (IEC 60507:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-01-17. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 60507:2014
EN 60507:2014 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 36/337/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60507, prepared by IEC/TC 36 "Insulators" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60507:2014.
The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2014-10-17 • latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2017-01-17
This document supersedes EN 60507:1993.
EN 60507:2014 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 60507:1993: a) Corrections and the addition of explanatory material; b) The addition of Clause 4.4.2 on atmospheric correction; c) The change of the upper limit of conductivity of water to 0.1 S/m; and d) The extension to UHV voltages.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60507:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. SIST EN 60507:2014
- 3 - EN 60507:2014 Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE
When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60060-1 - High-voltage test techniques -
Part 1: General definitions and test requirements EN 60060-1 -
IEC 60071-1 - Insulation co-ordination -
Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules EN 60071-1 -
IEC/TS 60815-1 - Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions -
Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles - -
IEC/TS 60815-2 - Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions -
Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c. systems - -
SIST EN 60507:2014
SIST EN 60507:2014
IEC 60507 Edition 3.0 2013-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems
Essais sous pollution artificielle des isolateurs haute tension en céramique et en verre destinés aux réseaux à courant alternatif
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE W ICS 29.080.10 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1297-4
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ®
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé. SIST EN 60507:2014
– 2 – 60507 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 General test requirements . 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Test method . 10 4.3 Arrangement of insulator for test . 10
Test configuration . 10 4.3.1 Cleaning of insulator . 11 4.3.24.4 Requirements for the testing plant . 11
Test voltage . 11 4.4.1 Atmospheric corrections . 11 4.4.2 Minimum short-circuit current . 12 4.4.35 Salt fog method . 13 5.1 General information . 13 5.2 Salt solution . 13 5.3 Spraying system . 15 5.4 Conditions before starting the test. 18 5.5 Preconditioning process . 18 5.6 Withstand test . 19 5.7 Acceptance criterion for the withstand test . 19 6 Solid layer methods . 19 6.1 General information . 19 6.2 Main characteristics of inert materials . 20 6.3 Composition of the contaminating suspension . 20
General . 20 6.3.1 Kieselguhr composition . 20 6.3.2 Kaolin (or Tonoko) composition . 21 6.3.36.4 Application of the pollution layer . 22 6.5 Determination of the degree of pollution of the tested insulator . 23
General . 23 6.5.1 Layer conductivity (K) . 23 6.5.2 Salt deposit density (SDD) . 23 6.5.36.6 General requirements for the wetting of the pollution layer . 24 6.7 Test procedures . 24
General . 24 6.7.1 Procedure A – Wetting before and during energization . 24 6.7.2 Procedure B – Wetting after energization . 26 6.7.36.8 Withstand test and acceptance criterion (common to both Procedures A and B) . 27 Annex A (informative)
Supplementary information on the assessment of the requirement for the testing plant . 28 Annex B (informative)
Determination of the withstand characteristics of insulators . 29 B.1 General . 29 SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 3 – B.2 Determination of the maximum withstand salinity at a given test voltage . 29 B.3 Determination of the maximum withstand voltage, or of the 50 % withstand voltage, at a given reference layer conductivity, or at a given reference salt deposit density . 29 B.3.1 Maximum withstand voltage . 29 B.3.2 50 % withstand voltage . 30 B.4 Withstand values of reference suspension insulators . 30 Annex C (informative)
Measurement of layer conductivity for checking the uniformity of the layer . 32 Annex D (informative)
Additional recommendations concerning the solid layer method procedures. 34 D.1 General . 34 D.2 Contamination practice . 34 D.3 Drying of the pollution layer . 34 D.4 Check of the wetting action of the fog . 34 D.5 Checking fog uniformity for large or complex test objects . 35 D.6 Fog input in the test chamber . 35 D.7 Minimum duration of the withstand test . 35 D.8 Evaluation of the reference salt deposit density (SDD) . 36 Annex E (informative)
Supplementary information on artificial pollution tests on insulators for voltage systems of 800 kV and above (solid layer method procedure B) . 37 E.1 Introduction . 37 E.2 Test chamber . 37 E.3 Fog generator . 37 E.4 Wetting action and uniformity of fog density . 37 Bibliography . 38
Figure 1 – Minimum short-circuit current, Isc min, required for the testing plant as a function of the unified specific creepage distance (USCD) of the insulator under test . 13 Figure 2 – Value of factor b as a function of solution temperature . 15 Figure 3 – Typical construction of fog spray nozzle . 17 Figure 4 – Test layout for inclined insulators . 18 Figure 5 – Typical arrangement of steam-fog generator . 26 Figure C.1 – Arrangement of the probe electrodes
(all dimensions in mm) . 32 Figure C.2 – Circuit diagram of the meter . 33 Figure D.1 – Control of the wetting action of the steam fog: Layer conductance recording during the test on the chosen dummy insulator (standard type of Table B.1) . 36
Table 1 – Salt-fog method: correspondence between the value of salinity,
volume conductivity and density of the solution at a temperature of 20 °C . 14 Table 2 – Main characteristics of the inert materials used in solid layer suspensions . 20 Table 3 – Kieselguhr composition: approximate correspondence between
the reference degrees of pollution on the insulator and the volume conductivity
of the suspension at a temperature of 20 °C . 21 Table 4 – Kaolin (or Tonoko) composition: approximate correspondence
between the reference degrees of pollution on the insulator and the volume conductivity of the suspension at a temperature of 20 °C . 22 Table A.1 – Expected Ih max values related to different USCD values . 28 SIST EN 60507:2014
– 4 – 60507 © IEC:2013 Table B.1 – Ranges of values of withstand characteristics of reference suspension insulators in artificial pollution tests . 31
SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 5 – INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ______________
ARTIFICIAL POLLUTION TESTS ON HIGH-VOLTAGE CERAMIC
AND GLASS INSULATORS TO BE USED ON A.C. SYSTEMS
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60507 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 36: Insulators. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1991. This third edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Corrections and the addition of explanatory material; b) The addition of Clause 4.3.2 on atmospheric correction; c) The change of the upper limit of conductivity of water to 0.1 S/m; and d) The extension to UHV voltages.
SIST EN 60507:2014
– 6 – 60507 © IEC:2013 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 36/337/FDIS 36/342/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be • reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.
SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 7 – ARTIFICIAL POLLUTION TESTS ON HIGH-VOLTAGE CERAMIC
AND GLASS INSULATORS TO BE USED ON A.C. SYSTEMS
1 Scope This International Standard is applicable for the determination of the power frequency withstand characteristics of ceramic and glass insulators to be used outdoors and exposed to polluted atmospheres, on a.c. systems with the highest voltage of the system greater than 1 000 V. These tests are not directly applicable to polymeric insulators, to greased insulators or to special types of insulators (insulators with semiconducting glaze or covered with any organic insulating material). The object of this International Standard is to prescribe procedures for artificial pollution tests applicable to insulators for overhead lines, substations and traction lines and to bushings It may also be applied to hollow insulators with suitable precautions to avoid internal flashover. In applying these procedures to apparatus incorporating hollow insulators, the relevant technical committees should consider their effect on any internal equipment and the special precautions which may be necessary. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60071-1, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules IEC/TS 60815-1, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions – Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles IEC/TS 60815-2, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions – Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c. systems IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
test voltage the r.m.s. value of the voltage with which the insulator is continuously energized throughout the test 3.2
short-circuit current (Isc) of the testing plant the r.m.s. value of the current delivered by the testing plant when the test object is short-circuited at the test voltage SIST EN 60507:2014
– 8 – 60507 © IEC:2013 3.3
unified specific creepage distance USCD the creepage distance of an insulator divided by the maximum operating voltage across the insulator (for a.c. systems usually Um/√3) Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mm/kV. Note 2 to entry: This definition differs from that of Specific Creepage Distance where the phase-to-phase value of the highest voltage for the equipment is used. For phase-to-earth insulation, this definition will result in a value that is √3 times that given by the definition of Specific Creepage Distance in IEC/TS 60815 (1986). See Annex J of IEC 60815-1:2008 for details. 3.4
form factor of an insulator Ff dimensionless number that presents the length (l) of the partial creepage distance divided by the integrated width (p) Note 1 to entry: For insulators, the length is in the direction of the creepage distance and the width is the circumference of the insulator. Note 2 to entry: The form factor is calculated by the formula ()∫=L0lpdlFf where L
is the total creepage distance p(l)
= 2π.r(l) For graphical estimation of the form factor, the reciprocal value of the insulator circumference (p1) is plotted versus the partial creepage distance l counted from the end of the insulator up to the point reckoned. The form factor is given by the area under this curve. 3.5
salinity Sa concentration of the solution of salt in tap water, expressed by the amount of salt divided by the volume of solution Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in kg/m3. 3.6
pollution layer a conducting electrolytic layer on the insulator surface, composed of salt plus inert materials Note 1 to entry: The conductance of the pollution layer on the insulator is measured in accordance with 6.5.1. 3.7
layer conductivity (K) the conductance of the pollution layer multiplied by the form factor Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in µS. SIST EN 60507:2014
60507 © IEC:2013 – 9 – 3.8
salt deposit density SDD amount of sodium chloride in an artificial deposit on a given surface of the insulator (metal parts and assembling materials are not to be included in this surface) divided by the area of this surface Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mg/cm2. 3.9
degree of pollution the value of the quantity (salinity, layer conductivity, salt deposit density) which characterizes the artificial pollution applied to the tested insulator 3.10
reference salinity the value of the salinity used to characterize a test 3.11
reference layer conductivity the value of the layer conductivity used to characterize a test Note 1 to entry: This is defined as the maximum value of the conductivity of the wetted layer of an insulator energized only for performing the conductance measurements. 3.12
reference salt deposit density the value of the salt deposit density used to characterize a test Note 1 to entry: This is defined as the average of the salt deposit density values measured on a few insulators (or on parts of them), which are chosen for this purpose from among the contaminated ones prior to their submission to any test. 3.13
specified withstand degree of pollution the reference degree of pollution at which an insulator shall withstand the specified test voltage in at least three tests out of four, under the conditions described in the relevant Clauses 5.6 or 6.8 3.14
maximum withstand degree of pollution the highest degree of pollution at which at least three withstand tests out of four can be obtained at the specified test voltage, under the conditions described in the relevant clauses 5.6 or 6.8. 3.15
specified withstand voltage the test voltage at which an insulator shall withstand the specified degree of pollution in at least three tests out of four, under the conditions described in the relevant 5.6 or 6.8 3.16
maximum withstand voltage the highest test voltage at which at least three withstand tests out of four can be obtained at the specified degree of pollution, under the conditions described in the relevant 5.6 or 6.8 3.17
non-soluble deposit density NSDD amount of non-soluble residue removed from a given surface of the insulator, divided by the area of this surface SIST EN 60507:2014
– 10 – 60507 © IEC:2013 Note 1 to entry: This is generally expressed in mg/cm2. 4 General test requirements 4.1 General Pollution tests can be carried out for two main objectives: • to obtain information about the pollution performance of insulators e.g. for comparison of different insulator types/profile • to check the performance in a configuration as close as possible to the in-service one. To reach the first objective, tests on relatively short insulator sets – if representative of the full set in terms of radial geometry and profile – may be sufficient. Results of such tests on insulators with an arcing length higher than 1 m can be linearly extrapolated up to and including the UHV range, at least for pollution ranging from medium to very heavy. Tests to reach the second objective may be agreed between the manufacturer and the user whenever optimisation of the design is necessary and/or whenever it is expected that the mounting condition or the inner active parts in apparatus can affect the performance. Such tests shall be made simulating the relevant service conditions as closely as possible. In particular tests in other positions from the vertical (inclined, horizontal) duplicating actual service conditions may be agreed between the supplier and the user. Tests at higher system voltages (800 kV and above) may present particular requirements as reported in Annex E. 4.2 Test method The two following categories of pollution test methods are recommended for standard tests: – the salt fog method (Clause 5) in which the insulator is subjected to a defined ambient pollution; – the solid layer method (Clause 6) in which a fairly uniform layer of a defined solid pollution is deposited on the insulator surface; NOTE 1 In these test methods the voltage is held constant for a period of at least several minutes. Variants in which the voltage is raised continuously to flashover are not standardized but may be used for special purposes. NOTE 2 In testing of full scale insulators for system voltages above 800 kV, the solid layer method may be the preferred choice because of lack of experiences and possible difficulties for the salt fog method. More information on the solid layer method for such insulators is given in Annex E. 4.3 Arrangement of insulator for test
Test configuration 4.3.1The insulator shall be erected in the test chamber, complete with the metal fittings which are invariably associated with it. The vertical position is in general suggested for comparison of different insulator types. Tests in other positions (inclined, horizontal) duplicating actual service conditions may be carried out when agreed between the manufacturer and the user. When there are special reasons not to test insulators in the vertical position (e.g. wall bushings and circuit-breaker longitudinal insulation), only the service positi
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