SIST EN ISO 13078-2:2016

Dentistry - Dental furnace - Part 2: Test method for evaluation of furnace programme via firing glaze (ISO 13078-2:2016)

ISO 13078-2:2016 determines a degree of firing to be implemented by the user. It represents a test method for adapting the firing program of a dental furnace by determining the degree of firing of fired test specimens for a dental ceramic.
The test method is suitable for powdered dental ceramics according to ISO 6872, Type I.
The test method enables monitoring of the temperature control in the dental furnace by evaluating the firing degree of a dental ceramic. The test method is also suitable for evaluating the reproducibility of the firings in a dental furnace or for comparing several dental furnaces.

Zahnheilkunde - Brennofen - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für die Bewertung des Brennprogrammes durch den Brenngrad (ISO 13078-2:2016)

Médecine bucco-dentaire - Four dentaire - Partie 2: Méthode d'essai pour l'évaluation du programme de cuisson d'un four via une cuisson de glaçure (ISO 13078-2:2016)

ISO 13078-2:2016 détermine un degré de cuisson à mettre en ?uvre par l'utilisateur. Il constitue une méthode d'essai pour l'adaptation du programme de cuisson d'un four dentaire en déterminant le degré de cuisson d'éprouvettes cuites pour une céramique dentaire.
Cette méthode d'essai convient à des céramiques dentaires en poudre conformément à l'ISO 6872, Type I.
Cette méthode d'essai permet de vérifier le contrôle de la température dans le four dentaire en évaluant le degré de cuisson d'une céramique dentaire. La méthode d'essai convient également à l'évaluation de la reproductibilité des cuissons dans un four dentaire ou à la comparaison de plusieurs fours dentaires.

Zobozdravstvo - Dentalne peči - 2. del: Preskusna metoda za vrednotenje programa peči s stopnjo vžiga (ISO 13078-2:2016)

Ta mednarodni standard določa stopnjo vžiga, ki jo mora uvesti uporabnik. Predstavlja preskusno metodo za prilagoditev programa vžiga dentalne peči z določitvijo stopnje vžiga žganih preskušancev za dentalno keramiko. Preskusna metoda je primerna za dentalno keramiko v prahu v skladu s standardom ISO 6872, vrsta I. Preskusna metoda omogoča spremljanje nadzora temperature v dentalni peči z vrednotenjem stopnje vžiga dentalne keramike. Preskusna metoda je primerna tudi za vrednotenje ponovljivosti vžigov v dentalni peči ali primerjavo različnih dentalnih peči.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 29-Nov-2015
• Publication Date: 07-Sep-2016
• ICS: 11.060.25 - Dental instruments
• Technical Committee: VAZ - Healthcare
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 18-Aug-2016
• Due Date: 23-Oct-2016
• Completion Date: 08-Sep-2016
• Ref Project: EN ISO 13078-2:2016 - Dentistry - Dental furnace - Part 2: Test method for evaluation of furnace programme via firing glaze (ISO 13078-2:2016)

Overview

EN ISO 13078-2:2016 - Dentistry: Dental furnace - Part 2 - is a standardized visual test method for evaluating and adapting the firing programme of dental furnaces by assessing the firing glaze (degree of firing) of dental ceramic test specimens. The method is intended for powdered dental ceramics (Type I) in accordance with ISO 6872 and supports monitoring of furnace temperature control, reproducibility of firings and comparison between furnaces. The standard complements temperature-measurement methods (see ISO 13078) and addresses the practical need to achieve consistent aesthetic and mechanical properties in ceramic dental restorations.

Key Topics and Requirements

• Purpose: Define a user-implementable degree of firing to adjust furnace programmes and to evaluate firing reproducibility and comparability.
• Scope of materials: Powdered dental ceramics (Type I per ISO 6872); transparent or coloured powders suitable for visual comparison.
• Specimen preparation: Use of a dedicated device (impact cylinder, stamps, plastic mould) and identical preparation for test and reference specimens to ensure consistent comparison.
• Auxiliary materials: Mixing liquids (e.g., alcohol or laboratory water per ISO 3696), firing trays, firing pins, and firing underlays (firing cotton or platinum foil with an alumina coating where applicable).
• Firing procedure: Implementation according to the ceramic manufacturer’s firing data and the furnace programme under test; the standard allows adaptation of the furnace programme based on evaluation results.
• Degree of firing classification: Visual assessment categories - under-fired, correctly fired, and over-fired - based on surface quality, translucency/colour, porosity and edge rounding.
• Evaluation and correction: Procedures to evaluate firing results and apply corrections to the furnace programme; suitable for routine monitoring and validation.
• Documentation: Test report requirements are specified to record procedures, observations and any programme adjustments.

Applications and Users

• Dental laboratories validating and calibrating firing cycles to ensure consistent aesthetics (colour, translucency) and mechanical properties.
• Dental ceramic manufacturers providing reference samples and firing recommendations.
• Dental furnace manufacturers and service technicians verifying temperature control and reproducibility across units.
• Quality managers and regulatory/standards professionals assessing compliance and device comparability.
• Research labs comparing firing behaviour between ceramic formulations or furnace models.

Related Standards

• ISO 13078 - Test method for temperature measurement with separate thermocouple (complements furnace evaluation).
• ISO 6872 - Dental ceramics - material classifications (Type I referenced).
• ISO 3696 - Water for analytical laboratory use - specification and test methods.
• ISO 2768-1 - General tolerances (used for device dimensions where applicable).

Keywords: EN ISO 13078-2:2016, dental furnace, firing glaze, test method, degree of firing, dental ceramic, ISO 6872, temperature control, reproducibility, firing programme.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2016
=RER]GUDYVWYR'HQWDOQHSHþLGHO3UHVNXVQDPHWRGD]DYUHGQRWHQMH
SURJUDPDSHþLVVWRSQMRYåLJD,62
Dentistry - Dental furnace - Part 2: Test method for evaluation of furnace programme via
firing glaze (ISO 13078-2:2016)
Zahnheilkunde - Brennofen - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für die Bewertung des
Brennprogrammes durch den Brenngrad (ISO 13078-2:2016)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Four dentaire - Partie 2: Méthode d'essai pour l'évaluation du
programme de cuisson d'un four via une cuisson de glaçure (ISO 13078-2:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13078-2:2016
ICS:
11.060.25 =RERWHKQLþQLLQVWUXPHQWL Dental instruments
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 13078-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 11.060.01
English Version
Dentistry - Dental furnace - Part 2: Test method for
evaluation of furnace programme via firing glaze (ISO
13078-2:2016)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Four dentaire - Partie 2: Zahnheilkunde - Brennofen - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für
Méthode d'essai pour l'évaluation du programme de die Bewertung des Brennprogrammes durch den
cuisson d'un four via une cuisson de glaçure (ISO Brenngrad (ISO 13078-2:2016)
13078-2:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13078-2:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 13078-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106
“Dentistry” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” the secretariat of which
is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13078-2:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13078-2:2016 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13078-2
First edition
2016-07-15
Dentistry — Dental furnace —
Part 2:
Test method for evaluation of furnace
programme via firing glaze
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Four dentaire —
Partie 2: Méthode d’essay pour l’evaluation des programmes des fours
dentaires avec le degrè de calcination
Reference number
ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test method . 2
4.1 Materials . 2
4.2 Devices . 3
4.3 Preparation of the test specimens . 4
4.4 Firing . 5
4.4.1 Implementation . 5
4.4.2 Firing data of the dental ceramic manufacturer . 6
4.5 Evaluation of the firing results . 6
4.6 Correction . 7
5 Test report . 8
Bibliography . 9
ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 2, Prosthodontic
materials.
A list of all parts in the ISO 13078 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
Introduction
Dental furnaces are suitable for the manufacturing of metal-ceramic and partly also all-ceramic
restorations for use in dentistry. Dental furnaces are particularly used for firing or sintering,
respectively, of dental opaques, dentine and enamel materials to the respective compatible substructure
materials. According to the current state of the art, the temperature of this process lies between 600 °C
and 1 000 °C.
The different calibration processes applied by the manufacturers of dental furnaces as well as the
varying construction types of the dental furnaces currently on the market influence the firing result.
Despite the fact that different dental furnaces can have identical digital external displays, different
results regarding the degree of firing can be identified when processing the same ceramics under
otherwise similar conditions.
A different degree of firing not only causes differences that can be judged directly by the human eye
(e.g. colour and transparency), but also deviations that cannot be detected by the eye. These are, for
instance, the linear coefficient of thermal expansion, the bonding strength, the strength values and the
acid solubility. Such changes may result in clinical failures (e.g. fractures) as well as changed aesthetics
of the dental ceramic restoration.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13078-2:2016(E)
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