D05.24 - Statistics

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:  
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,  
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,  
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,  
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and  
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.  
5.2 Samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.  
5.3 The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.  
5.4 The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.  
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.  
5.2 Samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.  
5.3 The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.  
5.4 The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.  
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.  
5.2 Samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.  
5.3 The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.  
5.4 The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.  
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:  
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,  
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,  
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,  
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and  
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
International standard ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 promotes the use of documented accountability and quality control procedures to assure a laboratory and its clients that the laboratory can produce technically valid data and results in the routine performance of its sampling, sample preparation and testing activities.
A laboratory shall use ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 to develop its quality system. Clause 4 of ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the requirements for sound management. Clause 5 of ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the requirements for technical competence for the type of tests or calibrations, or both the laboratory undertakes.
In addition to complying with the requirements of ANS/ISO/IEC 17025, the Annex of this standard practice contains information that shall be considered important for the evaluation and operation of a competent Coal and Coke sampling or testing facility, or both. The information in this Annex is presented where it is not otherwise covered in ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 or the applicable ASTM methods.
Laboratory clients, regulatory authorities, and accreditation bodies that recognize the competence of testing and calibration laboratories can use this standard practice as the basis for their evaluation.
The primary significance of this practice is to establish that for a laboratory to generate measurements traceable to SI units, it must:
Have a clear understanding of the work requested by the client.
Meet the quality system requirements of the internationally accepted ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 standard.
Use test methods which have been shown to be traceable to SI units of measurement
Be able to demonstrate that the laboratory is in statistical control at the time the measurements are made.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies requirements to operate and evaluate the quality and management systems in a laboratory that provides services with respect to sample collection, sample preparation, or testing of coal, coke, and ash derived from coal or coke using ASTM standards that are under the jurisdiction of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke.
Note 1—The word “laboratory” is used throughout this practice when referring to an organization that provides services in coal sampling or testing, or both. It is recognized, however, that the word may not be appropriate to an organization that does not perform actual laboratory sample testing.
1.2 International standard ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 shall be the governing document specifying requirements for management, technical competence and evaluation of a laboratory.
Note 2—An accrediting body or user of laboratory services can also impose technical or non-technical requirements not specifically addressed in ANS/ISO/IEC 17025 provided they do not invalidate the requirements of ANS/ISO/IEC 17025.
1.3 This practice is used to evaluate only those capabilites specifically claimed by a laboratory.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.
These samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.
The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.
The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.
These samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.
The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.
The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 International standard ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 promotes the use of documented accountability and quality control procedures to assure a laboratory and its clients that the laboratory can produce technically valid data and results in the routine performance of its sampling, sample preparation and testing activities.  
3.2 A laboratory shall use ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 to develop its quality system. Clause 4 of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the requirements for sound management. Clause 5 of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the requirements for technical competence for the type of tests or calibrations, or both the laboratory undertakes.  
3.3 In addition to complying with the requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025, the Annex of this standard practice contains information that shall be considered important for the evaluation and operation of a competent Coal and Coke sampling or testing facility, or both. The information in this Annex is presented where it is not otherwise covered in ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 or the applicable ASTM methods.  
3.4 Laboratory clients, regulatory authorities, and accreditation bodies that recognize the competence of testing and calibration laboratories can use this standard practice as the basis for their evaluation.  
3.5 The primary significance of this practice is to establish that for a laboratory to generate measurements traceable to SI units, it must:  
3.5.1 Have a clear understanding of the work requested by the client.  
3.5.2 Meet the quality system requirements of the internationally accepted ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 standard.  
3.5.3 Use test methods which have been shown to be traceable to SI units of measurement.  
3.5.4 Be able to demonstrate that the laboratory is in statistical control at the time the measurements are made.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies requirements to operate and evaluate the quality and management systems in a laboratory that provides services with respect to sample collection, sample preparation, or testing of coal, coke, and ash derived from coal or coke using ASTM standards that are under the jurisdiction of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke.
Note 1: The word “laboratory” is used throughout this practice when referring to an organization that provides services in coal sampling or testing, or both. It is recognized, however, that the word may not be appropriate to an organization that does not perform actual laboratory sample testing.  
1.2 International standard ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 shall be the governing document specifying requirements for management, technical competence and evaluation of a laboratory.
Note 2: An accrediting body or user of laboratory services can also impose technical or non-technical requirements not specifically addressed in ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 provided they do not invalidate the requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.3 This practice is used to evaluate only those capabilities specifically claimed by a laboratory.  
1.4 All percentages are percent mass fractions unless otherwise noted.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice specified requirements to operate and evaluate the quality and management systems in a laboratory that provides services with respect to sample collection, sample preparation, or testing of coal, coke, and ash derived from coal or coke using ASTM standards that are under the jurisdiction of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke, this practice was withdrawn in February 2024. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.