CEN/TC 228/WG 1 - General performance requirements of heating systems and sub-systems in buildings

This document is applicable to technical insulation systems of operational installations in industry and the building services, such as pipes, ducts, vessels, equipment and built-in components.
The document specifies methods for the energy efficiency classification of insulation systems for the abovementioned components with an operational temperature range of −30 °C up to 650 °C.
The document addresses plant operators, engineers of operational installations, as well as the involved contractors such as insulation contractors and pipefitting contractors.
The design of safe surface temperatures for personal protection, as well as the prevention of condensation, is outside the scope of this document.
This document also does not apply to water-based heating and cooling systems in buildings and does not apply to directly buried district heating and district cooling pipes.

This standard specifies design criteria for heating systems in buildings using electrically driven heat pumps alone or in combination with other heat generators. Heat pump systems considered include (see Table 1):
-   water - water;
-   water - air;
-   brine - water;
-   refrigerant - water (direct expansion systems);
-   refrigerant - refrigerant;
-   air - air;
-   air - water.
This standard takes into account the heating requirements of attached systems (e.g. domestic hot water) in the design of heat supply, but does not cover the design of these systems. This standard covers only the aspects dealing with the heat pump, the interface with the heat distribution system and heat emission system (e.g. buffering system), the control of the whole system and the aspects dealing with energy source of the system.
Systems designed primarily for cooling and systems which can operate simultaneously in cooling and heating mode are not within the scope of this standard.

1.   Scope
This document specifies the design criteria for electrical heating systems in individual and collective residential buildings, the commercial and industrial building sector.
This doucment covers fixed electrical heaters which emit heat directly into space by use of electricity only.
The following systems are included:
-   electric instantaneous heating systems:
-   natural or fan convector heaters;
-   radiant panels;
-   radiators / resistance heaters;
-   ceiling heating;
-   infra-red and quartz linear heaters;
-   thin slab floor heating;
-   wall heating.
-   electric non-instantaneous heating systems:
-   full slab floor heating;
-   room storage heaters;
-   room storage fan heaters.
This document does not cover radiant electric fires, movable heaters or electric heating systems that require a transfer medium outside of the appliance to deliver heat into the space. Examples of such systems include:
-   air conditioning or cooling systems;
-   unitary heat pumps;
-   window, through the wall and split system;
-   warm air distribution systems;
-   central storage serving hot w
- electric non-instantaneous heating systems:
- full slab floor heating;
- room storage heaters;
- room storage fan heaters.
This standard does not cover electric heating systems that require a transfer medium to deliver heat into the space. Examples of such systems include:
- air conditioning or cooling systems;
- unitary heat pumps;
- window, through the wall and split system;
- warm air distribution systems;
- central storage serving hot water radiator or warm air systems;
- hot water production, either storage or direct;
- any individual appliance serving more than one room;
- movable heaters.
Requirements for installation, commissioning, and operation maintenance and use of direct electrical heating systems are excluded from this document.
This standard does not overwrite national regulation.
This standard does not override or add to requirements in appliance standards

This document specifies the requirements for the installation and commissioning of water-based heating, water-based cooling, and heating of domestic hot water (DHW) systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of 105 °C.
This document is applicable to the commissioning of systems as a whole, in cases of new systems, renovations and replacement of equipment.
This document does not apply to superheated water systems or steam systems and it does not apply to the specific commissioning requirements for individual components (e.g. how to set fuel/air ratio on a burner). Also, it does not apply to the installation or commissioning of attached systems (e.g. air conditioning, domestic hot water distribution, ventilation systems).
This document specifies only technical requirements but it does not specify any commercial or contractual arrangements between parties.

This document specifies design criteria for closed water-based cooling systems in buildings. The requirements aim at achieving a proper technical quality level and maintaining the desired thermal indoor climate with minimum energy consumption.
Systems for dissipating process heat from industrial processes, for example, are not covered by this document.
This document does not amend product standards or product installation requirements. The document covers cooling systems of the following type (see Figure 1):
1)   devices for the water-based heat rejection of the chilling system;
2)   devices for chilling and storage of chilled water;
3)   devices for the distribution of chilled water;
4)   devices for the absorption of heat (“cooling emission”);
5)   control devices;
6)   safety devices.
Figure 1 - Schematic example of a water-based cooling system
The design of such systems is described in this document. Additional safety aspects for water-based cooling systems with local operating temperatures ≤ 0 °C are not covered by this document. The other clauses of this document are still valid for systems with local operating temperatures ≤ 0 °C.
This document does not cover the chilling system itself, but only the parts of the chilling system which are an integral part of the cooling system, including determination of the design performance. Furthermore, this document does not cover:
-   the requirements for installation or instructions for operation, maintenance and use;
-   the design of the system components (e.g. recooler, chilling system, coolers, pipes, safety devices etc.).

This document specifies the requirements for the installation and commissioning of water-based heating, cooling and domestic hot water preparation (DHW) systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of 110°C.
This document does not cover superheated water systems and steam systems.
This document covers the system's requirements for the installation and commissioning of individual components of the system (e.g. heat generators, pumps, controls). It does not cover the specific commissioning requirements for these components (e.g. how to set fuel/air ratio on a boiler).
This document does not cover the installation or commissioning of attached systems (e.g. air conditioning, domestic hot water distribution, ventilation systems).
This document covers only the technical requirements, and does not cover any commercial or contractual arrangements between parties.

This document specifies design criteria for closed water-based cooling systems in buildings. The requirements aim at achieving a proper technical quality level and maintaining the desired thermal indoor climate with minimum energy consumption.
Systems for dissipating process heat from industrial processes, for example, are not covered by this document.
This document does not amend product standards or product installation requirements. The standard covers cooling systems of the following type (see Figure 1):
1) devices for the water-based heat rejection of the chilling system;
2) devices for chilling and storage of chilled water;
3) devices for the distribution of chilled water;
4) devices for the absorption of heat ("cooling emission");
5) control devices;
6) safety devices.
The design of such systems is described in this document. In the case of water-based cooling systems with local operating temperatures ≤ 0 °C separate safety aspects may apply. The other Clauses of this document are still valid for those systems.
This document does not cover the chilling system itself, but only the parts of the chilling system which are an integral part of the cooling system, including determination of the design performance.Furthermore this document does not cover:
- the requirements for installation or instructions for operation, maintenance and use;
- the design of the system components (e.g. recooler, chilling system, coolers, pipes, safety devices etc.).
The relevant technical rules with regard to the prevention of corrosion are to be observed in the material selection for the system components and the nature of the heat transfer medium.

This European Standard specifies design criteria for water based heating systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of up to 105 °C. In case of heating systems with maximum operating temperatures over 105 °C other safety aspects than those described in 4.6 may apply. The other clauses of this European Standard are still valid for those systems.
This European Standard does not amend product standards or product installation requirements. This standard covers the design of:
-   heat supply systems;
-   heat distribution systems;
-   heat emission systems;
-   control systems.
This European Standard takes into account heating requirements of attached systems (e.g. domestic hot water, process heat, air conditioning, ventilation) in the design of a heat supply, but does not cover the design of these systems.
This European Standard does not cover requirements for installation or commissioning or instructions for operation, maintenance and use of water based heating systems.
This European Standard does not cover the design of fuel and energy supply systems.

1) This standard specifies the design and installation criterial for water central heating systems with a maximum operating temperature of up to 110°C and a maximum operating pressure of up to 6 bar. 2) This standard covers the design and installation of: - heat supply systems; - heat distribution systems; - heat emission systems; - control system. 3) This standard covers water based heating systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings.