CEN/TC 228 - Heating systems in buildings

This document is applicable to technical insulation systems of operational installations in industry and the building services, such as pipes, ducts, vessels, equipment and built-in components.
The document specifies methods for the energy efficiency classification of insulation systems for the abovementioned components with an operational temperature range of −30 °C up to 650 °C.
The document addresses plant operators, engineers of operational installations, as well as the involved contractors such as insulation contractors and pipefitting contractors.
The design of safe surface temperatures for personal protection, as well as the prevention of condensation, is outside the scope of this document.
This document also does not apply to water-based heating and cooling systems in buildings and does not apply to directly buried district heating and district cooling pipes.

This document specifies procedures and conditions to enable the heat flux in electrical surface heating systems to be determined relative to the medium differential temperature for systems. The determination of thermal performance electrical surface heating systems and their conformity to this document is carried out by calculation in accordance with design documents and a model. This enables a uniform assessment and calculation surface heating systems.
The surface temperature and the temperature uniformity of the heated surface, nominal heat flux density between electrical heated layer and space are given as the result.
The ISO 11855 series is applicable to water based embedded surface heating and cooling systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings[1]. The methods apply to systems integrated into the wall, floor or ceiling construction without any open-air gaps. It does not apply to ceiling mounted panel systems with open air gaps which are not integrated into the building structure.
The ISO 11855 series also applies, as appropriate, to the use of fluids other than water as a heating or cooling medium. The ISO 11855 series is not applicable for testing of systems. The methods do not apply to heated or chilled ceiling panels or beams.
[1]  ISO 11855-7 can also be used for electrical heated embedded systems.

This document specifies procedures and conditions to enable the heat flux in water-based surface heating and cooling systems to be determined relative to the medium differential temperature for systems. The determination of thermal performance of water-based surface heating and cooling systems and their conformity to this document is carried out by calculation in accordance with design documents and a model. This enables a uniform assessment and calculation of water-based surface heating and cooling systems.
The surface temperature and the temperature uniformity of the heated/cooled surface, nominal heat flux between water and space, the associated nominal medium differential temperature, and the field of characteristic curves for the relationship between heat flux and the determining variables are given as the result.
This document includes a general method based on finite difference or finite element Methods and simplified calculation methods depending on position of pipes and type of building structure.

This document allows the calculation of peak cooling capacity of Thermo Active Building Systems (TABS) – Type V according to ISO 11855-1, based on heat gains, such as solar gains, internal heat gains, and ventilation, and the calculation of the cooling power demand on the water side, to be used to size the cooling system, as regards, e.g. the chiller size, fluid flow rate.
This document defines a detailed method aimed at the calculation of heating and cooling capacity in non-steady state conditions.

This document establishes a system design and dimensioning method to ensure the heating and cooling capacity of the radiant heating and cooling systems.

This document establishes requirements for the installation of embedded radiant heating and cooling systems. It specifies general and uniform requirements for the design and construction of heating and cooling floors, ceiling and wall structures to ensure that the heating/cooling systems are suited to the particular application. The requirements specified by this document are applicable only to the components of the heating/cooling systems and the elements which are part of the heating/cooling surface and which are installed due to the heating/cooling systems.
This document is applicable to water-based embedded surface heating and cooling systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The methods apply to systems integrated into the wall, floor or ceiling construction without any open-air gaps, but are not applicable to panel systems with open-air gaps which are not integrated into the building structure.

This document specifies the basic definitions, symbols, and comfort criteria for embedded radiant heating and cooling systems.

This European Standard describes a method to calculate the power and the storage volume required for the dimensioning of domestic hot water systems (DHW). The applicability ranges from direct water heaters (no storage volume and a comparatively large effective heating power) to larger storage systems with a comparatively small heating power and large storage volumes.
This European Standard is applicable to the following water storage systems:
-   storage systems characterized by a minimal mixing zone, (such as stratified charging storage tanks or storage tanks with external heat exchangers): these systems are nominated in this standard as "charging storage systems";
-   storage tank water heaters and warm water storage tanks with a pronounced mixing zone (such as DHW storage tanks with internal heat exchangers), nominated in this standard as "mixed storage systems";
and for different uses.
The Scope also includes standardization methods for determining the energy need for domestic hot water. This European Standard covers the domestic hot water needs in buildings.
The calculation of the energy needs for DHW-Systems applies to residential and non-residential buildings, a building or a zone of a building.
Figure 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1   In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB package of standards.
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This European Standard covers methods for the calculation of the design heat load for single rooms, building entities and buildings, where the design heat load is defined as the heat supply (power) needed to maintain the required internal design temperature under design external conditions.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000 -1.
NOTE 1   In CEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
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This European Standard provides a calculation method for the economic issues of heating systems and other systems that are involved in the energy demand and consumption of the building. It applies to all types of new and existing buildings.
The fundamental principles and terminology are explained in the standard.
The main items of the standard will be:
-   the definitions and the structure of the types of costs which should be taken into account for the calculation of the economic efficiency of saving options in buildings;
-   data needed for definition of costs related to systems under consideration;
-   the calculation method(s);
-   expression of the result of the economic study.
This European Standard is part of the method for calculation of economic performance of energy saving options in buildings (e.g. insulation, better performing generators and distribution systems, efficient lighting, renewable sources, combined heat and power...).
The scope of this specific part is to standardize:
-   the required inputs;
-   the required outputs;
-   the calculation formulas;
-   the type of energy systems concerned with the energy performance of the building.
NOTE 1   This is the revision of EN 15459:2007. The revision has been made consistent with the EU regulation on cost-optimal. This revision includes the definition of payback for investment, and inclusion of the costs due to the deconstruction of the building. The method presenting annualized costs has been suppressed.
NOTE 2   This standard does not consider financial advantages for higher productivity, higher attractiveness for tenants due to higher indoor comfort, when relevant for comparison of different options.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 3   In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 4   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
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This European Standard defines the determination of energy indicators of district energy systems. District energy systems may be district heating, district cooling or other district energy carriers.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2    The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a standard may cover a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
(Table 1 - Position of EN 15316-4-5 within the modular structure)
....

This European Standard is part of a series of standards on the method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies of space heating systems and domestic hot water systems.
This standard (EN 15316 4 1) specifies:
-   required inputs;
-   a calculation method;
-   resulting outputs;
-   a method to take into account the energy performance of heat generation devices based on fuel combustion;
for space heating generation by combustion sub-systems (boilers, biomass), including control.
This standard specifies methods for the calculation of:
-   thermal losses from the heating and the domestic hot water generation system;
-   recoverable thermal losses for space heating from the heating and the domestic hot water generation system;
-   auxiliary energy of the heating and the domestic hot water generation systems.
This standard specifies the energy performance calculation of water based heat generation sub-systems including control based on combustion of fuels ("boilers"), operating with conventional fossil fuels as well as renewable fuels. This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of boilers.
This standard is also applicable to heat generators for heating or for combined service as domestic hot water, ventilation, cooling and heating. Generators for domestic hot water only are taken into account into part M8-8.
This European Standard is the general standard on generation by combustion sub-systems (boilers, biomass) and is also intended for generation for domestic hot water production and/or space heating. These values are input data for calculation of the overall energy use according to EN ISO 52000 1 and EN 15316 1.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In CEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard covers energy performance calculation of water based storage sub-systems used for heating, for domestic hot water or for combination of these.
This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of such storage systems.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1   In CEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard deals with procedures for the assessment of electricity generation within the direct building environment through wind power systems. The wind power systems described in this document are small plants as they may occur in domestic production and use of electricity in connection with buildings. This standard covers wind generation power systems ≤ 75 kW.

This document specifies inspection procedures for the assessment of energy performance of existing boilers and heating systems.
Heat generators types covered by this standard are:
-   boilers for heating, domestic hot water or both;
-   gas, liquid, solid fuel fired combustion boilers;
-   electrically driven and gas driven heat pumps;
-   thermal solar systems for domestic hot water, heating or both;
-   other heat generators types, such as cogeneration units.
Parts of heating systems covered by this standard are:
-   heat generators, including generation control;
-   heating distribution network, including associated components and controls;
-   heating emitters, including components and controls;
-   space heating control system;
-   heat storage and associated components;
-   domestic hot water production system.
This standard covers issues related to energy conservation and environmental performance.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard specifies the:
-   required inputs;
-   calculation method;
-   required and resulting outputs,
for heat generation systems, thermal solar systems (for space heating, domestic hot water production and the combination of both) and for photovoltaic systems applied in buildings.
Within this standard, 6 methods are specified each method has its own range of applicability.
-   Method 1,
is applicable for solar domestic hot water systems characterized by the EN 12976 series (factory made) or EN 12977-2 (custom built).
The main output of the method is the solar heat and back up heat contribution to the requested heat use.
-   Method 2,
is applicable for systems for domestic hot water and / or space heating with components characterized by EN ISO 9806 and EN 12977-3 or EN 12977-4 with a monthly calculation time step.
The main output of the method is the solar heat and back up heat contribution to the requested heat use.
-   Method 3,
is applicable for systems for domestic hot water and / or space heating with components characterized by EN ISO 9806 with an hourly calculation time step.
The main output of the method is collector loop heat supplied to the heat storage.
-   Method 4,
is applicable for photovoltaic systems with components characterized by standards and with an annual calculation time step.
The output of the method is the produced electricity.
-   Method 5,
is applicable for photovoltaic systems with components characterized by standards and with a monthly calculation time step.
The output of the method is the produced electricity.
-   Method 6,
is applicable for photovoltaic systems with components characterized by standards and with a calculation time step.
The output of the method is the produced electricity.
These three last calculation methods do not take into account:
-   electrical storage;
-   PV/thermal photovoltaic systems.
Primary energy savings and CO2 savings, which can be achieved by photovoltaic systems compared to other systems, are calculated according to EN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   Standards linked to the methods are listed in Annex E.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 2   In CEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 3   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a
detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard's scope is to standardize the required inputs, the outputs and the links (structure) of the calculation method in order to achieve a common European calculation method.
This standard covers energy performance calculation of heating systems and water based cooling space emission sub-systems.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2, the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European standard defines a method for the performance assessment of building-integrated cogeneration units by the calculation of the electricity production, useful heat output and recoverable losses. Such units are commonly known as micro or small scale cogeneration, or micro or small scale CHP.
A building-integrated cogeneration, is a cogeneration unit installed to supply space heating, domestic hot water and possibly cooling within a building. It could operate as the only heating/cooling appliance of the building or in combination with other heat generators, such as boilers or electrical chillers. Unlike district heating systems, where heat and electricity are generated at central plants and transmitted through networks to a number of remote buildings, a building-integrated cogeneration unit produces useful heat for uses within the building. The electricity produced by the integrated cogeneration unit may be used within the building or may be exported.
This standard deals with heat generators for heating or for combined domestic hot water and heating services.
The calculation is based on the performance characteristics of the units, defined in product standards, and on operation conditions such the needed heat output.
Table 1  shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard covers energy performance calculation of water based distribution systems for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water.
This standard deals with the heat flux from the distributed water to the space and the auxiliary energy of the related pumps.
The heat flux and the auxiliary energy for pumps can be calculated at any time-step (hour, month and year). The input and output data are mean values of the time step.

This European Standard covers heat pumps for space heating, heat pump water heaters (HPWH) and heat pumps with combined space heating and domestic hot water production in alternate or simultaneous operation, where the same heat pump delivers the heat to cover the space heating and domestic hot water heat requirement.
The standard provides a calculation method under steady conditions that corresponds to one calculation step.
The results of this calculation are incorporated in larger building models and take in account the influence of the external conditions and building control that influence the energy requirements for heating supplied by the heat pump system.
The scope of this part is to standardize the:
-   required inputs;
-   calculation methods;
-   required outputs
Generation for space heating and domestic hot water production of the following heat pump systems, including control of:
-   electrically-driven vapour compression cycle (VCC) heat pumps;
-   combustion engine-driven vapour compression cycle heat pumps;
-   thermally-driven vapour absorption cycle (VAC) heat pumps,
using combinations of heat source and heat distribution listed in Table 1.
This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of heat pumps.
This standard deals with heat generators for heating or for combined domestic hot water and heating service. Generators for domestic hot water only are taken into account into module M8-8.
NOTE 1   Heat pumps for cooling systems are taken into account into module M4–8.
NOTE 2   Heat pumps for space heating using air (distribution) are taken into account in module M5–8.
Other generation systems such as boilers are covered in other sub modules of part M3-8.
This is the revision of EN 15316 4 2:2008. The revision covers the adaptation of the standard to hourly and monthly energy calculation.
Table 2 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method
respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard is the general frame for the calculation of the energy use and the energy performance of heating and domestic hot water systems. This standards is only dealing with the heat, provided by water based systems, needed for heating, domestic hot water and cooling (e.g. absorption chiller).
It specifies how to perform the calculation of the entire installation using the calculation modules (see Table 2) corresponding to the methods defined in the respective standards.
It deals with common issues like operating conditions calculation and energy performance indicators.
It standardises the inputs and outputs in order to achieve a common European calculation method.
It allows the energy analysis of the heating and Domestic hot water systems and sub-systems including control (emission, distribution, storage, generation) by comparing the system losses and by defining energy performance indicators.
The performance analysis allows the comparison between systems and sub-systems and makes possible to evaluate the impact of each sub-system on the energy performance of a building.
The calculation of the system losses of each part of the heating sub-systems is defined in subsequent standards.
Ventilation systems are not included in this standard (e.g. balanced systems with heat recovery), but if the air is preheated or an air heating system is installed, the systems providing the heat to the AHU (Air Handling Unit) are covered by this standard.
Table 2 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard is part of a series of standards on the method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies.
The scope of this specific part is to standardize the:
-   required inputs;
-   calculation method;
-   resulting outputs,
for space heating generation by:
-   air heating systems, including control;
-   overhead radiant heating systems for non-domestic use, including control; and
-   stoves and local heaters for residential use.
This standard does not apply to heating systems that utilize water as a heat transfer medium.
Other heat generation systems such as boilers, heat pumps and others are covered in other sub modules of M3-8.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1   In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This European Standard specifies methods to assess the delivered energy for space heating and domestic hot water energy performance of a building based on measurements during the operation and occupancy phase. This includes:
-   assessment of the amount of delivered energy carriers for space heating and domestic hot water preparation based on measurement;
-   assessment of the energy performance indicators of heating and domestic hot water systems and subsystems based on measurements.
This standard does not cover the measurement of delivered energy for ventilation, cooling, air conditioning and lighting systems.
This standard includes procedures to correct measured delivered energy according to climate and building use.
Weighting (e.g. conversion into primary energy, cost, CO2 emission) of the measured delivered energy and assessment of the energy performance are covered in EN ISO 52000 1:2017.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000 1:2017.
NOTE 1   In CEN ISO/TR 52000 2:2017 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2   The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15378-3:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Heating and DHW systems in buildings - Part 3: Measured energy performance, Module M3-10, M8-10.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15378-3:2017.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15316-4-8:2017, module M3-8.8.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15316-4-8:2017.
This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.
The scope of EN 15316-4-8:2017 includes three categories of products:
-   air heating systems means a system with one or more warm air generators for heating purpose. The hot air may be diffused in the installation space from the generator or distributed via a ductwork.
-   overhead radiant heating systems, means systems using gas and designed to provide heat into the installation room. Radiation may be generated directly by the flame (overhead radiant luminous heaters) or by circulation of flue gas in a ductwork installed near the ceiling (overhead radiant tube heaters).
-   stoves and local heaters means local devices that provide heat by transferring the heat generated by combustion into the surrounding environment.
The typical devices are shown in Figures 1 to 4.
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This Technical Report refers to standard EN 15316-2.
It contains information to support the correct understanding and use of EN 15316-2.
The scope of this specific part is to standardize the required inputs, the outputs and the links (structure) of the calculation method in order to achieve a common European calculation method.
This standard covers energy performance calculation of heating systems and water based cooling space emission sub-systems.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15316 4 3, Modules 3-8 and 8-8.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15316 4 3.
This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.

This Technical Report refers to standard FprEN 15316-4-5:2016.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of FprEN 15316-4-5:2016

This technical report refers to standard EN 12831-3, module M8-2, M8-3.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of standard FprEN 12831-3.

This technical report refers to standard EN 15459-1, module M1-14.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of standard EN 15459-1.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15316-4-2, covering module M3-8.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15316-4-2.
This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15316 5, covering module M3-7 and M8-7
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15316 5.

This Technical Report refers to standard EN 15316 3 1, modules Space Distribution Systems Module M3-6 heating / M4-6 cooling / M8-6 domestic hot water
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of standard EN 15316-3-1.

This Technical Report refers to EN 15316 4 1.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaption of standard EN 15316 4 1.

This Technical Report refers to standard FprEN 12831, module M3-3 (FprEN 12831-1).
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of standard FprEN 12831-1.

This Technical Report (CEN/TR 15316-6-1) specifies details for EN 15316-1 and gives additional information for the application of EN 15316-1.

This Technical Report refers to FprEN 15378 1.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of FprEN 15378-1.

This Technical Report (CEN/TR 15316-6-7) specifies details for EN 15316-4-4 and gives additional information for the application of EN 15316-4-4.

This European Standard specifies design criteria for water based heating systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of up to 105 °C. In case of heating systems with maximum operating temperatures over 105 °C other safety aspects than those described in 4.6 may apply. The other clauses of this European Standard are still valid for those systems.
This European Standard does not amend product standards or product installation requirements. This standard covers the design of:
-   heat supply systems;
-   heat distribution systems;
-   heat emission systems;
-   control systems.
This European Standard takes into account heating requirements of attached systems (e.g. domestic hot water, process heat, air conditioning, ventilation) in the design of a heat supply, but does not cover the design of these systems.
This European Standard does not cover requirements for installation or commissioning or instructions for operation, maintenance and use of water based heating systems.
This European Standard does not cover the design of fuel and energy supply systems.

This standard specifies design criteria for heating systems in buildings using electrically driven heat pumps alone or in combination with other heat generators. Heat pump systems considered include (see Table 1):
-   water - water;
-   water - air;
-   brine - water;
-   refrigerant - water (direct expansion systems);
-   refrigerant - refrigerant;
-   air - air;
-   air - water.
This standard takes into account the heating requirements of attached systems (e.g. domestic hot water) in the design of heat supply, but does not cover the design of these systems. This standard covers only the aspects dealing with the heat pump, the interface with the heat distribution system and heat emission system (e.g. buffering system), the control of the whole system and the aspects dealing with energy source of the system.
Systems designed primarily for cooling and systems which can operate simultaneously in cooling and heating mode are not within the scope of this standard.

1.   Scope
This document specifies the design criteria for electrical heating systems in individual and collective residential buildings, the commercial and industrial building sector.
This doucment covers fixed electrical heaters which emit heat directly into space by use of electricity only.
The following systems are included:
-   electric instantaneous heating systems:
-   natural or fan convector heaters;
-   radiant panels;
-   radiators / resistance heaters;
-   ceiling heating;
-   infra-red and quartz linear heaters;
-   thin slab floor heating;
-   wall heating.
-   electric non-instantaneous heating systems:
-   full slab floor heating;
-   room storage heaters;
-   room storage fan heaters.
This document does not cover radiant electric fires, movable heaters or electric heating systems that require a transfer medium outside of the appliance to deliver heat into the space. Examples of such systems include:
-   air conditioning or cooling systems;
-   unitary heat pumps;
-   window, through the wall and split system;
-   warm air distribution systems;
-   central storage serving hot w
- electric non-instantaneous heating systems:
- full slab floor heating;
- room storage heaters;
- room storage fan heaters.
This standard does not cover electric heating systems that require a transfer medium to deliver heat into the space. Examples of such systems include:
- air conditioning or cooling systems;
- unitary heat pumps;
- window, through the wall and split system;
- warm air distribution systems;
- central storage serving hot water radiator or warm air systems;
- hot water production, either storage or direct;
- any individual appliance serving more than one room;
- movable heaters.
Requirements for installation, commissioning, and operation maintenance and use of direct electrical heating systems are excluded from this document.
This standard does not overwrite national regulation.
This standard does not override or add to requirements in appliance standards

This European Standard specifies the requirements for the installation and commissioning of water-based heating systems in buildings with a maximum operating temperature of 110 oC and a maximum operating pressure of 6 bar.
This standard covers the system's requirements for the installation and commissioning of individual components of the system (e.g. heat generators, pumps, controls). It does not cover the specific commissioning requirements for these components.
This standard does not cover the installation or commissioning of attached systems (e.g. air conditioning, domestic hot water or ventilation systems).
This standard covers only the technical requirements, and does not cover any commercial or contractual arrange-ments between parties.

This standard specifies requirements for providing documents for the operation, mainte-nance and use of heating systems in buildings requiring a trained operator.
Parts of heating systems covered by this standard are:
- boilers or heat supply equipment, including control;
- safety arrangements, including air supply;
- district heating heat exchangers, heat meters and primary domestic hot water production facilities;
- energy sources, storage and supply;
- flue gas systems, including condensate treatment and disposal;
- heat distribution network, including associated components;
- heat emitters, including accessories;
- systems for control and supervision;
- water treatments and procedures (e.g. chemical and physical, including antifreeze).

This standard specifies requirements for providing documents for the operation, mainte-nance and use of heating systems in buildings not requiring a trained operator.
Parts of heating systems covered by this standard are:
- boilers or heat supply equipment, including control;
- safety arrangements, including air supply;
- domestic hot water production facilities;
- energy sources, storage and supply;
- flue gas systems, including condensate treatment and disposal;
- heat distribution network, including associated components;
- heat emitters, including accessories;
- control system;
- water treatments and procedures (e.g. chemical and physical, including antifreeze).