27.190 - Biological sources and alternative sources of energy

This document covers the requirements for the design, installation, operation, maintenance and the safety of Household Biogas Systems (HBSs), producing biogas in an amount equivalent to an installation capacity of less than 100 MWh per year. The document applies to HBSs comprising of pipeline and equipment with pressure levels of less than 5 kPa. Any equipment or appliances connected to an HBS or utilizing the biogas energy of an HBS are not a part of the scope of this document.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods of the raw and moulded bamboo charcoal for fuel applications.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods for bamboo charcoal. It is applicable to the bamboo charcoal briquette.

This Technical Specification defines requirements for provision by economic operators of the required evidence that biofuels and bioliquids fulfil the sustainability criteria as defined in the Renewable Energy Directive [1]. This Technical Specification is applicable to the initial biomass production or to the point of collection for waste and residue and to each stage within the chain of custody. It also defines requirements on conformity assessment bodies when checking compliance with the pres...view more

This document summarizes current knowledge concerning a test method and its technical implementation, and existing knowledge about the bridging performance of biofuels. The document consists of three parts, as follows: — Part I: Method for direct determination of bridging behaviour, to make it available for research and development purposes (see Clause 4). — Part II: Implementing the measurement principle, to assist in the construction of test apparatus and to illustrate the performance of a bri...view more

This document applies to the design, manufacture, installation and operation of flares for the combustion of biogas. Test methods and performance requirements are also included. Biogas systems are amongst others applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and small-scale household systems.

This document: a) specifies a general test procedure for quantification of the spontaneous heat generation from solid biofuel pellets using isothermal calorimetry; b) specifies a screening test procedure for wood pellets using an instrument temperature of 60 °C; c) establishes procedures for sampling and sample handling of solid biofuel pellets prior to the analysis of spontaneous heat generation; and d) gives guidance on the applicability and use of isothermal calorimetry for calculation of the...view more

This International Standard provides principles and requirements for safe handling and storage of solid biofuels pellets in commercial and industrial applications.
The standard covers the entire handling and storage process of pellets, (i) at a pellets production plant, from the outlet of the cooler unit until loaded for transportation and (ii) at a power plant from the receiving station until fed into a pulverizer or furnace.
The process of production of pellets and safety issues related to pro...view more

This document defines a method for determination of off-gassing (permanent gases) and oxygen depletion from woody as well as non-woody biomass, including densified materials such as pellets and briquettes, as well as non-densified materials such as chips. The method is also applicable for thermally treated materials, including torrefied and carbonized materials. The emission and depletion factor and emission and depletion rate for various gas species emitted from sample within a closed test cont...view more

This document determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded hog fuel and wood chips for industrial use. It covers only hog fuel and wood chips produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225-1:—, Table 1): — 1.1 forest, plantation and other virgin wood; — 1.2 by-products and residues from wood processing industry; — 1.3.1 chemically untreated used wood; — 1.4 blends and mixtures. This document covers hog fuel, which is produced with blunt tools, and wood chips, which ...view more

This document provides principles and requirements for safe handling and storage of solid biofuels pellets in commercial and industrial applications. This document is using a risk-based approach to determine what safety measures should be considered.
Facilities with a storage capacity <100 t are covered by ISO 20023. Generally, for end-user facilities with a storage capacity of <1 000 t, ISO 20023 could also be applicable if storage principle and facility complexity is in-line with the objectiv...view more

This document describes simplified methods for taking samples of solid biofuels in small scale applications and storages including preparation of sampling plans and reports. The main focus is on storages with a size of ≤100 t. This document is applicable to the following solid biofuels:
1) fine (up to about 10 mm nominal top size) and regularly-shaped particulate materials that can be sampled using a scoop or pipe, e.g. sawdust, olive stones and wood pellets;
2) coarse or irregularly-shaped pa...view more

This document provides principles and requirements for safe handling and storage of solid biofuels pellets in commercial and industrial applications. This document is using a risk-based approach to determine what safety measures should be considered. Facilities with a storage capacity This document covers the handling and storage process of pellets in the following applications: — at a pellet production plant from the outlet of the cooler unit until loaded for transportation; — at a commercial d...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the characteristic temperatures for the ash melting behaviour of solid biofuels.

This document describes simplified methods for taking samples of solid biofuels in small scale applications and storages including preparation of sampling plans and reports. The main focus is on storages with a size of ≤100 t. This document is applicable to the following solid biofuels: 1) fine (up to about 10 mm nominal top size) and regularly-shaped particulate materials that can be sampled using a scoop or pipe, e.g. sawdust, olive stones and wood pellets; 2) coarse or irregularly-shaped part...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the characteristic temperatures for the ash melting behaviour of solid biofuels.

This European Standard specifies a detailed methodology that will allow any economic operator in a biofuel or bioliquid chain to calculate the actual GHG emissions associated with its operations in a standardised and transparent manner, taking all materially relevant aspects into account. It includes all steps of the chain from biomass production to the end transport and distribution operations.
The methodology strictly follows the principles and rules stipulated in the RED and particularly its...view more

This European Standard defines the terminology to be used in the field of sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications. This European Standard specifically considers some relevant terms and definitions used in the European Commission Directive 2009/28/EC [1], referred to as Renewable Energy Directive (RED), and in the European Commission Directive 2009/30/EC [2] referred to as Fuel Quality Directive (FQD), or in other European regulations.

This European Standard defines the terminology to be used in the field of sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications. This European Standard specifically considers some relevant terms and definitions used in the European Commission Directive 2009/28/EC [1], referred to as Renewable Energy Directive (RED), and in the European Commission Directive 2009/30/EC [2] referred to as Fuel Quality Directive (FQD), or in other European regulations.