ASTM C435-93(1999)

Standard Classification of Steel Pouring Pit Fireclay Refractories (Withdrawn 2001)

SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers certain fire-clay refractories for steel pouring pit service. It covers only burned products made by the usual processes of manufacture. The purpose of this classification is to describe the various classes and types of materials in accordance with the normal and characteristic properties that are important in their use.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1998
• Withdrawal Date: 09-Feb-2001
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.92 - The Joseph E. Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 435 – 93 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Classification of
Steel Pouring Pit Fireclay Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 435; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.1.1 Nozzles,
4.1.2 Sleeves, and
1.1 This classification covers certain fire-clay refractories
4.1.3 Ladle brick.
for steel pouring pit service. It covers only burned products
4.2 Each class is further divided into Types A, B, and C.
made by the usual processes of manufacture. The purpose of
this classification is to describe the various classes and types of
5. Properties
materials in accordance with the normal and characteristic
5.1 The properties required for compliance with a class or
properties that are important in their use.
type are shown in Table 1.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6. Test Specimens
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.1 Testing for compliance with this classification shall be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
performed on specimens selected at random. The number of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specimens required for the test sample is given in Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
7. Test Methods
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall be
C 20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorp-
determined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:
tion, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of
2 7.1.1 Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE)—Test Method
Burned Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
C 24.
C 24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of
2 7.1.2 Apparent Porosity—Test Methods C 20.
Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
2 7.1.3 Reheat Test for Ladle Brick—Test Method C 113,
C 113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory Brick
using Schedule E for Type A, Schedule D for Type B, Schedule
C 133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
2 C and Schedule F for Type C.
lus of Rupture of Refractories
7.1.4 Reheat Linear Change for Sleeves and Nozzles—Test
C 605 Test Method for Reheat Change of Fireclay Nozzles
2 Method C 605.
and Sleeves
7.1.5 Modulus of Rupture for Ladle Brick— Test Methods
C 133.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This classification is important for the purpose of
8. Retests
controlling the properties of steel pouring pit fireclay refracto-
8.1 Because of variables resulting from sampling and the
ries during their manufacture, for use in specifying properties
lack of satisfactory reproducibility in tests conducted by
for purchasing these types of refractories and as a guide for the
different laboratories, the material may be resampled and
control of the quality of these refractories by the consumer.
retested when requested by either the manufacturer or the
4. Basis of Classification purchaser. This may apply in instances when the first test
results do not conform to the requirements prescribed
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