ASTM G35-98
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels and Related Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys to Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Polythionic Acids
Standard Practice for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels and Related Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys to Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Polythionic Acids
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for preparing and conducting the polythionic acid test at room temperature, 22 to 25°C (72 to 77°F), to determine the relative susceptibility of stainless steels or other related materials (nickel-chromium-iron alloys) to intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
1.2 This practice can be used to evaluate stainless steels or other materials in the "as received" condition or after being subjected to high-temperature service, 482 to 815°C (900 to 1500°F), for prolonged periods of time.
1.3 This practice can be applied to wrought products, castings, and weld metal of stainless steels or other related materials to be used in environments containing sulfur or sulfides. Other materials capable of being sensitized can also be tested in accordance with this test.
1.4 This practice may be used with a variety of stress corrosion test specimens, surface finishes, and methods of applying stress.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.
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Designation: G 35 – 98
Standard Practice for
Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels and
Related Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys to Stress-Corrosion
Cracking in Polythionic Acids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 35; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G 30 Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-
Corrosion Test Specimens
1.1 This practice describes procedures for preparing and
conducting the polythionic acid test at room temperature, 22 to
3. Summary of Practice
25°C (72 to 77°F), to determine the relative susceptibility of
3.1 The stressed specimens are placed in the container along
stainless steels or other related materials (nickel-chromiumiron
with a sensitized and stressed AISI Type 302 (UNS S30200) or
alloys) to intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
Type 304 (UNS S30400) stainless steel control specimen. A
1.2 This practice can be used to evaluate stainless steels or
sufficient amount of the previously prepared polythionic acid
other materials in the “as received” condition or after being
solution is added to the container to immerse the test speci-
subjected to high-temperature service, 482 to 815°C (900 to
mens. A cover is placed on the container and the test is carried
1500°F), for prolonged periods of time.
out at room temperature.
1.3 This practice can be applied to wrought products,
castings, and weld metal of stainless steels or other related
4. Significance and Use
materials to be used in environments containing sulfur or
4.1 This environment provides a way of evaluating the
sulfides. Other materials capable of being sensitized can also
resistance of stainless steels and related alloys to intergranular
be tested in accordance with this test.
stress corrosion cracking. Failure is accelerated by the presence
1.4 This practice may be used with a variety of stress
of increasing amounts of intergranular precipitate. Results for
corrosion test specimens, surface finishes, and methods of
the polythionic acid test have not been correlated exactly with
applying stress.
those of intergranular corrosion tests. Also, this test may not be
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
relevant to stress corrosion cracking in chlorides or caustic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
environments.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 The polythionic acid environment may produce areas of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
shallow intergranular attack in addition to the more localized
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific
and deeper cracking mode of attack. Examination of failed
precautionary statements, see Section 7.
specimens is necessary to confirm that failure occurred by
2. Referenced Documents cracking rather than mechanical failure of reduced sections.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Apparatus
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.1 Any suitable glass or other transparent, inert container
G 1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Cor-
3 can be used to contain the acid solution and stressed specimens
rosion Test Specimens
during the period of test at room temperature, 22 to 25°C (72
G 15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion
3 to 77°F). The container should be fitted with a removable top
Testing
to reduce evaporation and to allow access to the stressed
specimen (or specimens) for the periodic inspection.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G-1 on Corrosion
6. Reagents
of Metals, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.06on Environmen-
tally Assisted Cracking.
6.1 Purity of Reagents—The polythionic acid solution shall
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published October 1998. Originally
be prepared using reagent grade sulfurous acid and technical
published as G 35–88. Last previous edition G 35–88 (Reapproved 1993).
grade hydrogen sulfide; or, distilled water, commercial grade
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 03.02. sulfur dioxide, and technical grade hydrogen sulfide.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G35
6.2 Purity of Water—Reagent water Type IV (Specification various types of test specimens available, see Ref (7), as well
D 1193) shall be used to prepare the test solutions. as Practices G 1 and G 30, and Terminology G 15.
6.3 Wackenroder’s or Polythionic Acid Solution (1) —A
8.2 The AISI Type 302 control specimens should be sensi-
slow current of hydrogen sulfide is passed for an hour through
tized by heating in a furnace for4hat 650°C (1200°F) and
a fritted glass tube into a flask containing chilled (0°C, 32°F)
then allowing to air cool. The AISI Type 304 control specimens
6 % sulfurous acid, after which the liquid is kept in the
should be sensitized by heating in a furnace for2hat 677°C
stoppered flask for 48 h at room temperature. This operation is
(1250°F) and then allowing to air cool.
repeated until the liquid no longer gives off the odor of sulfur
dioxide after standing at room temperature for a few hours.
9. Procedure
Note safety precautions in Section 7.
9.1 Prepare the polythionic acid test solution as described in
6.3.1 In an alternative method (2), the polythionic acid
6.3 and 6.3.1.
solution is prepared by passing a slow current of sulfur dioxide
9.2 Prior to usage, filter the acid solution to remove the
gas through a fritted glass bubbler submerged in a container of
excess sulfur and test for the presence of polythionic acids. The
distill
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