ASTM C32-13(2017)

Standard Specification for Sewer and Manhole Brick (Made From Clay or Shale)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers brick intended for use in drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water, and related structures such as manholes and catch basins. The bricks are classified as sewer bricks (Grades SS and SM) and manhole bricks (Grades MS and MM). Sewer brick shall have plain or smooth surfaces on both ends and on the face side. Manhole brick shall have plain, slightly, or moderately textured surfaces. The brick shall be sampled and tested in accordance with applicable requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in (1) drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water, and (2) related structures such as manholes and catch basins.  
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.  
1.3 Brick covered by this standard are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond  in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C32 − 13 (Reapproved 2017) American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M91-78
Standard Specification for
1
Sewer and Manhole Brick (Made From Clay or Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C32; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
Structural Clay Tile
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in (1)
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrial
wastes, and storm water, and (2) related structures such as
3. Terminology
manholes and catch basins.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to sewer and man-
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the
hole brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
4. Classification
mance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Sec-
tion 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
4.1 Grades—Two grades of sewer brick are covered:
4.1.1 Grade SS—Brick intended for use in structures requir-
1.3 Brick covered by this standard are manufactured from
ing low absorption and resistance to the action of sewage
clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
carrying large quantities of abrasive material at velocities
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing).
exceeding 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
4.1.2 Grade SM—Brick intended for use in structures re-
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
quiring resistance to the action of sewage carrying abrasive
bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired
materials at velocities less than 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.
bond in Terminology C1232.)
4.2 Grades—Two grades of manhole brick are covered:
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 4.2.1 Grade MS—Brick intended for use in manholes and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
catch basins not requiring high degrees of abrasive resistance
and are not considered standard. but where a high and uniform degree of resistance to frost
action and disintegration is needed when the brick may be
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
frozen when permeated with water.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2.2 Grade MM—Brick intended for use in manholes not
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
requiring high degrees of abrasive resistance but where a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
moderate and nonuniform degree of resistance to frost action
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and disintegration is needed when the brick may be permeated
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
with water.
2. Referenced Documents
2
5. Physical Properties
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Brick for sewer or drainage structures shall conform to
the physical properties for the specified Grades SS or SM as
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
established in Table 1.
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
5.2 Brick for manholes, catch basins, and other related
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originally
structures shall conform to the physical properties for the
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C32 – 13. DOI:
specified Grades MS or MM as established in Table 1.
10.1520/C0032-13R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.3 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, brick of
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Grade SS shall be accepted instead of Grade SM; also Grade
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. MS shall be accepted instead of Grade MM.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C32 − 13 (2017)
TABLE 1 Physical Properties
son and to the samples passing the tests for physical require-
Minimum Compressive Strength, Maximum Water Absorption ments.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C32 − 13 C32 − 13 (Reapproved 2017) American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M91-78
Standard Specification for
1
Sewer and Manhole Brick (Made From Clay or Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C32; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in (1) drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes,
and storm water, and (2) related structures such as manholes and catch basins.
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted
from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this
standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.3 Brick covered by this standard are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected
to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate
constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology
C1232.)
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to sewer and manhole brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Grades—Two grades of sewer brick are covered:
4.1.1 Grade SS—Brick intended for use in structures requiring low absorption and resistance to the action of sewage carrying
large quantities of abrasive material at velocities exceeding 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.
4.1.2 Grade SM—Brick intended for use in structures requiring resistance to the action of sewage carrying abrasive materials
at velocities less than 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.
4.2 Grades—Two grades of manhole brick are covered:
4.2.1 Grade MS—Brick intended for use in manholes and catch basins not requiring high degrees of abrasive resistance but
where a high and uniform degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration is needed when the brick may be frozen when
permeated with water.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013Dec. 1, 2017. Published June 2013January 2018. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20112013 as
C32 – 11.C32 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0032-13.10.1520/C0032-13R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C32 − 13 (2017)
4.2.2 Grade MM—Brick intended for use in manholes not requiring high degrees of abrasive resistance but where a moderate
and nonuniform degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration is needed when the brick may be permeated with water.
5. Physical Properties
5.1 Brick for sewer or drainage structures shall conform to the physical properties for the specified Grades SS or SM as
established in Table 1.
5.2 Brick for manholes, catch basins, and other related structures shall conform to the physical pro
...