ASTM C652-22

Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. The bricks are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements specified. Bricks that are colored by flashing or textured by sanding, where sand does not form a continuous coating, shall not be considered as surface-colored brick. Hollow bricks require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick. The hollow bricks can be classified into Grades SW and MW according to their degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration by weathering. According to their physical properties, the bricks can be classified into Types HBS, HBX, HBA, and HBB. In terms of size of void areas or hollow spaces, the bricks can be designated into Classes H40V and H60V. The brick shall be free of defects, deficiencies, and surface treatments, including coatings, that would interfere with the proper laying of the brick or significantly impair the strength or performance of the construction. Physical properties like compressive strength, water absorption, saturation coefficient, breakage, and cracks shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion; intended for use in masonry supplying structural and/or facing components to the structure. In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3).  
1.2 The requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining compliance with the requirements of this specification is beyond the intent of this standard.  
1.3 This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).  
1.4 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4.1 This specification and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.  
1.5 Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered.  
1.6 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2022
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C652 −22
Standard Specification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.6 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile
(Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and
C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web
hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or
thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than
mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion; intended for use
structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser
in masonry supplying structural and/or facing components to
distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick.
the structure. In this specification, the term hollow brick shall
Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be
be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net
different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those
cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the
constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick.
surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than
75% of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same 1.7 The text of this specification references notes and
plane (see 4.3). footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
1.2 The requirements of this specification apply at the time
considered as requirements of the specification.
of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted
from masonry structures for determining compliance with the 1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
requirements of this specification is beyond the intent of this as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
standard. conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This specification does not cover brick intended for use
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
as paving brick (see Specification C902).
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.4 Brickcoveredbythisspecificationareceramicproducts
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
elevatedtemperatures(firing).Theheattreatmentshalldevelop
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to
provide the strength and durability requirements of this speci-
2. Referenced Documents
fication. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and
C34Specification for Structural Clay LoadbearingWallTile
“firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)
C62Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units
1.4.1 Thisspecificationanditsindividualrequirementsshall
Made From Clay or Shale)
not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a
C67/C67MTest Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick
masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other
and Structural Clay Tile
forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.
C212Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile
1.5 Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and
C216Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
two classes are covered.
Made from Clay or Shale)
C902Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
Brick
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as C652–21. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0652-22. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Chang
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C652 − 21 C652 − 22
Standard Specification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof,
and fired to incipient fusion; intended for use in masonry and supplying structural and/or facing components to the structure. In
this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area
(solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface,surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross
cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3).
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted
from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section compliance with
the requirements 7) of this standardspecification is beyond the scopeintent of this specification. standard.
1.3 This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.4 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient
fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives
or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology
C1232.)
1.4.1 This specification and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a masonry
unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.
1.5 Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered.
1.6 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and
C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile,
but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and
structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or
solid brick.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2021June 1, 2022. Published June 2021June 2022. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20192021 as
C652 – 19b.C652 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/C0652-21.10.1520/C0652-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C652 − 22
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C34 Specification for Structural Clay Loadbearing Wall Tile
C62 Specification for Building Brick
...