ASTM D4797-88(1998)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical and Gravimetric Analysis of White and Yellow Thermoplastic Traffic Marking Containing Lead Chromate and Titanium Dioxide

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical and gravimetric analysis of white and yellow thermoplastic traffic marking containing lead chromate and titanium dioxide pigment.
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Sections Percent Binder 10 Percent Glass Beads (Note 1) 11 Percent Titanium Dioxide 12 Percent Lead Chromate and Analysis of Chrome Yellow and 13 Chrome Orange Pigments (Note 2)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Note 1-Test for 1.50 glass spheres only. Note 2-This modified analysis of chrome yellow and chrome orange pigments must be used because the heat resistant chrome yellows in the thermoplastic cannot be analyzed by Test Method D126.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1998
• ICS: 93.080.30 - Road equipment and installations
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.44 - Traffic Coatings

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4797-88(2004) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical and Gravimetric Analysis of White and Yellow Thermoplastic Traffic Marking Containing Lead Chromate and Titanium Dioxide
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4797 – 88 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical and Gravimetric Analysis of White and Yellow
Thermoplastic Traffic Marking Containing Lead Chromate
and Titanium Dioxide
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4797; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical
3. Terminology
and gravimetric analysis of white and yellow thermoplastic
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
traffic marking containing lead chromate and titanium dioxide
nology D 883 and F 412, unless otherwise indicated.
pigment.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
3.2.1 ash—the inorganic components of thermoplastic traf-
Sections
fic marking including the pigment, glass spheres, and filler.
Percent Binder 10
Percent Glass Beads (Note 1) 11
3.2.2 binder—the organic components of thermoplastic traf-
Percent Titanium Dioxide 12
fic marking that bind the pigments, glass spheres, and filler
Percent Lead Chromate and Analysis of Chrome Yellow and 13
together as a unit.
Chrome Orange Pigments (Note 2)
3.2.3 filler—the inorganic components of thermoplastic
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
traffic marking not including the pigments or glass spheres.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.4 pigment—titanium dioxide and lead chromate colo-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rants.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.5 thermoplastic—See thermoplastic traffıc marking.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.6 thermoplastic traffıc marking—a highly filled 100 %
NOTE 1—Test for 1.50 glass spheres only.
total solids highway marking system that when heated to a
NOTE 2—This modified analysis of chrome yellow and chrome orange
molten state can be extruded or sprayed onto a road surface and
pigments must be used because the heat resistant chrome yellows in the
when cooled forms a solid durable delineator.
thermoplastic cannot be analyzed by Test Method D 126.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The thermoplastic material is prepared for the described
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test methods by melting a sample to its application temperature
D 126 Test Methods for Analysis of Yellow, Orange, and
under continuous agitation. The specimen is then poured into
Green Pigments Containing Lead Chromate and Chro-
round patties on a clean tin plate or baking pan. The patties are
mium Oxide Green
then broken into pieces for ignition in a muffle furnace. The
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
percent binder is calculated from the ashed specimen and the
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
various tests for glass spheres, titanium dioxide, and lead
D 1394 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of White
chromate pigment are performed on the ashed residue. The
Titanium Pigments
tests for pigment type or glass spheres may be run on the same
ashed specimen. Specimen selection and preparation are the
same for each sample tested.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D01.44 on Traffic Coatings.
Current edition approved Oct. 31, 1988. Published December 1988.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
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D 4797
5. Significance and Use 9. Preparation of Specimens
5.1 The function of these test methods is to define the 9.1 Melt a sample of approximately 1000 g of thermoplastic
percent of binder, glass, titanium dioxide, and lead chromate traffic marking to 210 to 218°C under continuous agitation on
present in the composition of the thermoplastic traffic marking a hot plate set at 537°C or stir every 15 min in an oven set at
as defined by the applicable specification for the manufacture 260°C.
of a specific thermoplastic traffic marking. 9.2 Flow the sample out on a smooth clean surface and
allow it to cool to room temperature. Patties ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick
6. Apparatus will facilitate breaking up specimens for the described analysis.
9.3 Break the specimen into small pieces and weigh 10 g to
6.1 Balance, analytical, accurate to 0.1 mg.
the nearest 0.1 mg into a 30-mL weighed crucible.
6.2 Buret, 10 mL, 0.1-mL divisions.
9.4 Cover the crucible and place into a muffle furnace
6.3 Buret, 50 mL, 0.1-mL divisions.
preheated to 540°C and ash for1hor until no carbonaceous
6.4 Crucibles, 30 mL, porcelain.
materials remain.
6.5 Desiccator.
9.5 Remove the crucible with the ashed remains of the
6.6 Erlenmeyer flask, 500 mL.
specimen and place into a desiccator and cool to room
6.7 Furnace (Muffle), capable of maintaining 1100°C.
temperature.
6.8 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining 537°C.
6.9 Jones Reductor.
10. Percent Binder
6.10 Mortar and Pestle, glazed ceramic or other impervious
10.1 Procedure:
type.
10.1.1 Weigh the crucible and ash (see Section 9) to the
6.11 Oven, capable of maintaining 260°C.
nearest 0.1 mg and calculate the percent of organic binder D as
6.12 Sieve, 3 in., 45-μm (No. 325) (metal).
follows:
D 5 @1 2 ~S/W!# 3 100 (1)
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
where:
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
S 5 ashed weight of thermoplastic specimen, g, and
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
W 5 weight of thermoplastic specimen, g.
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
11. Percent Glass Beads
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of 11.1 Interferences—Acid-insoluble fillers will affect the
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
glass-sphere analysis and must be removed by some physical
accuracy of the determination. separation method or accounted for quantitatively, or both.
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
11.2 Procedure:
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined 11.2.1 Weigh the crucible and ash (see Section 9) to 0.1 mg
by Type IV of Specification D 1193.
and calculate the percent ash.
7.3 Alcohol—Ethyl alcohol 95 %. 11.2.2 After the ashed material has been weighed, transfer
7.4 Potassium Chloride (KCl).
the ash to a mortar and pestle and grind with minimal pressure
7.5 Potassium Hydroxide Solution—Dissolve 50 g of potas- to reduce
...