ASTM E456-13ae1

Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics

SCOPE
1.1 This standard is the general terminology standard for terms defined in the standards of Committee E11 on Quality and Statistics.  
1.2 A term in this standard which lists an attribution to an E11 technical standard indicates that the standard is normative for that term. Any changes in the term definition in the normative standard will be editorially changed in this standard. Any terms added to an E11 standard will be editorially added to this standard with an attribution to that standard.  
1.3 Term definitions that are similar to ISO 3534 will be noted in this standard, but ISO 3534 will not be considered normative for any E11 terms.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2013
• ICS: 01.040.07 - Natural and applied sciences (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 07.020 - Mathematics
• Technical Committee: E11 - Quality and Statistics
• Drafting Committee: E11.70 - Editorial/Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E456-13a - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Replaced By: ASTM E456-13ae2 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C271/C271M-16(2022)e1 - Standard Test Method for Density of Sandwich Core Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D8337/D8337M-21 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Bond Properties of FRP Composite Applied to Concrete Substrate using Single-Lap Shear Test
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C393/C393M-20 - Standard Test Method for Core Shear Properties of Sandwich Constructions by Beam Flexure
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM B962-23 - Standard Test Methods for Density of Compacted or Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes’ Principle
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6122-22 - Standard Practice for Validation of the Performance of Multivariate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared Spectrophotometer, and Raman Spectrometer Based Analyzer Systems
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D2013/D2013M-21 - Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D792-20 - Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E2586-19e1 - Standard Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM ISO/ASTM52701-13(2020) - Standard Guide for Performance Characterization of Dosimeters and Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation Processing
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6641/D6641M-16e2 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading Compression (CLC) Test Fixture
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D8454/D8454M-22 - Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Sandwich Constructions
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6576-20 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Rubber Chemically Blown
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1297-18 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Fast-Neutron Reaction Rates by Radioactivation of Niobium
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: E456 − 13a AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Quality and Statistics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E456; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—New terms were added and other terms were corrected editorially in May 2014.
1. Scope and Applying Test Methods
E1994Practice for Use of Process Oriented AOQL and
1.1 This standard is the general terminology standard for
LTPD Sampling Plans
terms defined in the standards of Committee E11 on Quality
E2234Practice for Sampling a Stream of Product by Attri-
and Statistics.
butes Indexed by AQL
1.2 A term in this standard which lists an attribution to an
E2281Practice for Process and Measurement Capability
E11 technical standard indicates that the standard is normative
Indices
for that term. Any changes in the term definition in the
E2282Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method
normativestandardwillbeeditoriallychangedinthisstandard.
E2334Practice for Setting an Upper Confidence Bound For
Any terms added to an E11 standard will be editorially added
aFractionorNumberofNon-Conformingitems,oraRate
to this standard with an attribution to that standard.
of Occurrence for Non-conformities, Using Attribute
Data, When There is a Zero Response in the Sample
1.3 Term definitions that are similar to ISO3534 will be
noted in this standard, but ISO3534 will not be considered E2489Practice for Statistical Analysis of One-Sample and
Two-SampleInterlaboratoryProficiencyTestingPrograms
normative for any E11 terms.
E2554Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncer-
2. Referenced Documents
tainty of Test Results of a Test Method Using Control
2 Chart Techniques
2.1 ASTM E11 Standards with Terms in This Standard:
E2555Practice for Factors and Procedures forApplying the
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
MIL-STD-105 Plans in Life and Reliability Inspection
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E2586Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
E105Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
E2587Practice for Use of Control Charts in Statistical
E141Practice for Acceptance of Evidence Based on the
Process Control
Results of Probability Sampling
E2655Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty inASTM Test
ASTM Test Methods
Methods
E178Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
E2696PracticeforLifeandReliabilityTestingBasedonthe
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Exponential Distribution
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2709Practice for Demonstrating Capability to Comply
E1169Practice for Conducting Ruggedness Tests
with an Acceptance Procedure
E1325Terminology Relating to Design of Experiments
E2782Guide for Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA)
E1402Guide for Sampling Design
E2819Practice for Single- and Multi-Level Continuous
E1488GuideforStatisticalProcedurestoUseinDeveloping
SamplingofaStreamofProductbyAttributesIndexedby
AQL
E2935Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE11onQuality
Laboratory Applications
and Statistics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E11.70 on Editorial/
3
Terminology.
2.2 ISO Standards:
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
ISO3534 Statistics-Vocabulary and Symbols
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E456–13. DOI:
Part2Applied Statistics
10.1520/E0456-13AE01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
the ASTM website. la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E456 − 13a
3. Terminology average run length (ARL), n—the average number of times
that a process will have been sampled and evaluated before
acceptance quality limit (AQL), n—quality limit that is the
a shift in process level is signaled. E2587
worst tolerable process average when a continuing series of
lots is submitted for acceptance sampling. E2234
average
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E456 − 13a E456 − 13a An American National Standard
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Quality and Statistics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E456; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—New terms were added and other terms were corrected editorially in May 2014.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard is the general terminology standard for terms defined in the standards of Committee E11 on Quality and
Statistics.
1.2 A term in this standard which lists an attribution to an E11 technical standard indicates that the standard is normative for
that term. Any changes in the term definition in the normative standard will be editorially changed in this standard. Any terms
added to an E11 standard will be editorially added to this standard with an attribution to that standard.
1.3 Term definitions that are similar to ISO 3534 will be noted in this standard, but ISO 3534 will not be considered normative
for any E11 terms.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM E11 Standards with Terms in This Standard:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
E141 Practice for Acceptance of Evidence Based on the Results of Probability Sampling
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1169 Practice for Conducting Ruggedness Tests
E1325 Terminology Relating to Design of Experiments
E1402 Guide for Sampling Design
E1488 Guide for Statistical Procedures to Use in Developing and Applying Test Methods
E1994 Practice for Use of Process Oriented AOQL and LTPD Sampling Plans
E2234 Practice for Sampling a Stream of Product by Attributes Indexed by AQL
E2281 Practice for Process and Measurement Capability Indices
E2282 Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method
E2334 Practice for Setting an Upper Confidence Bound For a Fraction or Number of Non-Conforming items, or a Rate of
Occurrence for Non-conformities, Using Attribute Data, When There is a Zero Response in the Sample
E2489 Practice for Statistical Analysis of One-Sample and Two-Sample Interlaboratory Proficiency Testing Programs
E2554 Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncertainty of Test Results of a Test Method Using Control Chart Techniques
E2555 Practice for Factors and Procedures for Applying the MIL-STD-105 Plans in Life and Reliability Inspection
E2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
E2587 Practice for Use of Control Charts in Statistical Process Control
E2655 Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM Test Methods
E2696 Practice for Life and Reliability Testing Based on the Exponential Distribution
E2709 Practice for Demonstrating Capability to Comply with an Acceptance Procedure
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E11 on Quality and Statistics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E11.70 on
Editorial/Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E456 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/E0456-13A.10.1520/E0456-13AE01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E456 − 13a
E2782 Guide for Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA)
E2819 Practice for Single- and Multi-Level Continuous Sampling of a Stream of Product by Attributes Indexed by AQL
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 3534 Statistics-Vocabulary and Symbols
Part 2 Applied Statistics
3. Terminology
acceptance quality limit (AQL), n—quality limit that is the worst tolerable process average w
...