ASTM D4894-15
(Specification)Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
ABSTRACT
This specification focuses on granular polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resins that have never been preformed or molded, and are normally processed by methods similar to those used in powder metallurgy or ceramics, or by special extrusion processes. These PTFE resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, or, in some cases, modified homopolymers containing not more than one percent by weight of other fluoromonomers. The materials included herein do not include mixtures of PTFE resin with additives such as colorants, fillers or plasticizers; nor do they include reprocessed or reground resin or any fabricated articles. Included are specimen preparation, test methods and requirements for materials, melting characteristics, bulk density, particle size, water content, standard specific gravity, thermal instability index, and mechanical (tensile) properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers granular resins and test methods for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that have never been preformed or molded and are normally processed by methods similar to those used in powder metallurgy or ceramics, or by special extrusion processes. These PTFE resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, or, in some cases, modified homopolymers containing not more than one percent by weight of other fluoromonomers. The usual methods of processing thermoplastics generally are not applicable to these materials because of their viscoelastic properties at processing temperatures. The materials included herein do not include mixtures of PTFE resin with additives such as colorants, fillers or plasticizers; nor do they include reprocessed or reground resin or any fabricated articles. The methods and properties included are those required to identify the various types of resins. Additional procedures are provided in the Appendix for further characterization of the resins.
1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as the standard, and the practices of IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are incorporated herein.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Specimen Preparation section, Section 9, and the Test Methods section, Section 10, of this specification: This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Notes 3 and 9 for specific cautionary statements.
Note 1: Information in this specification is technically equivalent to related information in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2.
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Designation:D4894 −15
Standard Specification for
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram
1
Extrusion Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4894; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers granular resins and test meth- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ods for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that have never been D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
preformed or molded and are normally processed by methods D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
similar to those used in powder metallurgy or ceramics, or by tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
special extrusion processes. These PTFE resins are homopoly- D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
mers of tetrafluoroethylene, or, in some cases, modified ho- D1708TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlasticsbyUse
mopolymerscontainingnotmorethanonepercentbyweightof of Microtensile Specimens
other fluoromonomers. The usual methods of processing ther- D1895Test Methods forApparent Density, Bulk Factor, and
moplastics generally are not applicable to these materials Pourability of Plastic Materials
because of their viscoelastic properties at processing tempera- D3295Specification for PTFE Tubing, Miniature Beading
tures.Thematerialsincludedhereindonotincludemixturesof and Spiral Cut Tubing
PTFE resin with additives such as colorants, fillers or plasti- D3892Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
cizers;nordotheyincludereprocessedorregroundresinorany D4441Specification for Aqueous Dispersions of Polytetra-
fabricated articles. The methods and properties included are fluoroethylene
those required to identify the various types of resins. Addi- D4591Test Method for Determining Temperatures and
tional procedures are provided in the Appendix for further Heats of Transitions of Fluoropolymers by Differential
characterization of the resins. Scanning Calorimetry
D4745Classification System and Basis for Specification for
1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM
FilledPolytetrafluoroethlyene(PTFE)MoldingandExtru-
SI-10 are to be regarded as the standard, and the practices of
sion Materials Using ASTM Methods
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are incorporated herein.
D4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
Resin Produced From Dispersion
SpecimenPreparationsection,Section9,andtheTestMethods
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
section, Section 10, of this specification: This specification
Sieves
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
ASTM Test Methods
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
IEEE/ASTM SI-10Standard for Use of the International
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
3
to use. See Notes 3 and 9 for specific cautionary statements.
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 12086-1 Plastics—Fluoropolymer Dispersions and
NOTE 1—Information in this specification is technically equivalent to
related information in ISO12086-1 and ISO12086-2.
Moulding and Extrusion Materials—Part 1: Designation
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Materials. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4894-07(2012). Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
DOI: 10.1520/D4894-15. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4894−15
A
TABLE 1 Detail Requirements for Tests on Resins
Type Grade Bulk Density, g/L Particle Size, Average Diameter, µm Water Content, max, % Melting Peak Temperature
Initial °C Second °C
A
I 1 700 ± 100 500 ± 150 0.04 327±10
A
2 675±50 375±75 0.04 327±10
A
II . . . . . . <100 0.04 327±10
A
III 1 400 ± 125 <100 0.04 327±10
A
2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4894 − 07 (Reapproved 2012) D4894 − 15
Standard Specification for
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram
1
Extrusion Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4894; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers granular resins and test methods for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that have never been
preformed or molded and are normally processed by methods similar to those used in powder metallurgy or ceramics, or by special
extrusion processes. These PTFE resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, or, in some cases, modified homopolymers
containing not more than one percent by weight of other fluoromonomers. The usual methods of processing thermoplastics
generally are not applicable to these materials because of their viscoelastic properties at processing temperatures. The materials
included herein do not include mixtures of PTFE resin with additives such as colorants, fillers or plasticizers; nor do they include
reprocessed or reground resin or any fabricated articles. The methods and properties included are those required to identify the
various types of resins. Additional procedures are provided in the Appendix for further characterization of the resins.
1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as the standard, and the practices of
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are incorporated herein.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Specimen Preparation section, Section 9, and the Test Methods
section, Section 10, of this specification: This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Notes 3 and 9 for specific cautionary statements.
NOTE 1—Information in this specification is technically equivalent to related information in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1708 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens
D1895 Test Methods for Apparent Density, Bulk Factor, and Pourability of Plastic Materials
D3295 Specification for PTFE Tubing, Miniature Beading and Spiral Cut Tubing
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D4441 Specification for Aqueous Dispersions of Polytetrafluoroethylene
D4591 Test Method for Determining Temperatures and Heats of Transitions of Fluoropolymers by Differential Scanning
Calorimetry
D4745 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion
Materials Using ASTM Methods
D4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Produced From Dispersion
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012May 1, 2015. Published June 2012June 2015. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
D4894 - 07.D4894 - 07(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D4894-07R12.10.1520/D4894-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4894 − 15
A
TABLE 1 Detail Requirements for Tests on Resins
Type Grade Bulk Density, g/L Particle Size, Average Di
...
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