Standard Specification for Extruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy Walled Tubing and Basic Shapes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the testing and requirements of extruded and compression molded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) rods and heavy-walled tubing manufactured from virgin or reprocessed PTFE resin. Covered here are three types of PTFE fluorocarbon materials as follows: Type I (premium), materials having maximum physical and electrical properties to meet rigid requirements; Type II (general purpose), materials having properties required of general electrical, mechanical, and chemical applications; and Type III, materials for noncritical chemical, electrical, and mechanical applications. These types are further subdivided into two grades, and even further into four classes as appropriate. Sampled specimens shall be appropriately tested on the following: workmanship and appearance (color, finish, and internal defects); specific gravity; tensile strength and elongation; dielectric strength; dimensional stability; and melting point.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers extruded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) rod, heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes manufactured from the PTFE resin of Specification D4894 and reprocessed PTFE resin (as defined in Guide D7209).  
1.2 The specification covers all sizes of rod, tubing, and basic shapes with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) or greater. These materials must be made wholly from PTFE and produced in accordance with good commercial ram extrusion practices.
Note 1: This specification and ISO/DIS 13000-1 (1997) and ISO/DIS 13000-2 (1997) differ in approach, however, data obtained using either are technically equivalent.
Note 2: For compression molded PTFE materials, see Specification D3294. Material that can be certified to Specification D3294 may be substituted for Specification D1710, however the reverse in not true.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10 are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion, Section 12, only of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1710-15(2021) - Standard Specification for Extruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy Walled Tubing and Basic Shapes
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1710 −15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Extruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy Walled
Tubing and Basic Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers extruded polytetrafluoroethyl-
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
ene (PTFE) rod, heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes manu-
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
factured from the PTFE resin of Specification D4894 and
at Commercial Power Frequencies
reprocessed PTFE resin (as defined in Guide D7209).
D374Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
1.2 The specification covers all sizes of rod, tubing, and
lation (Metric) D0374_D0374M
basic shapes with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm ( ⁄16 in.) or
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
greater. These materials must be made wholly from PTFE and
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
produced in accordance with good commercial ram extrusion
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
practices.
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
NOTE 1—This specification and ISO/DIS 13000-1 (1997) and ISO/DIS
tics
13000-2(1997)differinapproach,however,dataobtainedusingeitherare
D3892Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
technically equivalent.
D4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
NOTE 2—For compression molded PTFE materials, see Specification
D3294. Material that can be certified to Specification D3294 may be Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
substituted for Specification D1710, however the reverse in not true.
D5740Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-
fication Format
1.3 ThevaluesstatedinSIunits,asdetailedinIEEE/ASTM
D5947Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
SI 10 are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units
Plastics Specimens
given in parentheses are provided for information only.
D7209Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
UseofRecycledPolymericMaterialsandProducts(With-
methods portion, Section 12, only of this specification: This
drawn 2015)
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
E94Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Radiographic Film
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
IEEE/ASTM SI 10Standard for the Use of the International
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ISO 13000-1 (2005) Plastics—Polytetrafluoroethylene
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 1: Basis for Speci-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fication
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic www.astm.org.
Materials. Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally Conshohocken, PA 19428.
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1710-15. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D1710-15R21. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1710 − 15 (2021)
TABLE 1 Detail Requirements of Extruded Rod
Type I Type II Type III
A A A
Rod Diameter, in. Rod Diameter, in. Rod Diameter, in.
Properties
1 1 1
under ⁄2 to over under ⁄2 to over under ⁄2 to over
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
⁄2 1 ⁄2 1 ⁄2 ⁄2 1 ⁄2 1 ⁄2 ⁄2 1 ⁄2 1 ⁄2
Specific gravity, min 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.12 2.13 2.14
Tensile strength, min, MPa 13.8 14.5 15.2 13.8 14.5 15.2 9.7 10.3 11.0
(psi) (2000) (2100) (2200) (2000) (2100) (2200) (1400) (1500) (1600)
Elongation at Break, min,% 150 175 200 100 125 150 50 75 75
Dielectric strength, min, V/mil 700 750 750 . . . . . .
B
Dimensional stability, max, %
Length 1.5 1.5 . 1.5 1.5 . 3.0 3.0 .
Diameter 0.5 0.5 . 0.5 0.5 . 1.0 1.0 .
A
1 in. = 25.4 mm.
B
This requirement applies only to rod of Classes B and D that is under 25.4 mm (1 in.) in diameter. Values for larger sizes shall be as agreed upon by manufacture and
buyer or manufacture stating material was stress relieved after manufacture of extruded rod.
ISO 13000-2 (2005) Plastics—Polytetrafluoroethylene that type, grade, and class. A comma is used as the separator
(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 2: Preparation of between the standard number and the type. Separators are not
Test Specimen and Determination of Properties needed between the type, grade, and class. A provision for
special notes is included so that other information can be
3. Terminology
provided when required. An example would be to specify the
3.1 Definitions: dimensiontolerancesforeachsizeofrod,heavy-walledtubing,
or basic shape. When special notes are used, they shall be
3.1.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883
unless otherwise specified. preceded by a comma.
3.1.2 lot, n—one production run or a uniform blend of two
4.3 The types are further subdivided into two grades:
or more production runs.
4.3.1 Grade 1—Made only from virgin resin.
4.3.2 Grade 2—Made using reprocessed resin.
3.2 Abbreviations—Abbreviations are in accordance with
Terminology D1600. PTFE is the acronym for polytetrafluo-
4.4 The grades are further subdivided into four classes:
roethylene.
4.4.1 Class A—Rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape
having normal dimensional stability.
4. Classification
4.4.2 Class B—Rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape
4.1 This specification covers three types of PTFE rod,
meeting the dimensional stability requirements of Table 1.
heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes. They are as follows:
4.4.3 Class C—Same as Class A, but, in addition, com-
4.1.1 Type I, Premium—Atypeofrod,heavy-walledtubing,
pletely examined for internal defects.
or basic shape requiring both maximum physical and electrical
4.4.4 Class D—Same as Class B, but, in addition, com-
properties to meet rigid requirements.
pletely examined for internal defects.
4.1.2 Type II, Non-electrical Premium—A type of rod,
heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape requiring physical 5. Materials and Manufacture
properties, but no electrical requirements.
5.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes from
4.1.3 Type III—Atype of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic
Types I, II, III, and IV shall be made from non-pigmented
shape for non-critical chemical, electrical, and mechanical
PTFE as free of foreign matter as commercially practical.
applications.
4.1.4 Type IV—Atype of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic
6. General Requirements
shapeforchemical,electrical,andmechanicalapplications,not
6.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes covered
requiring physical property testing as described forTypes I, II,
by this specification shall meet the mechanical and electrical
and III, in Tables 1 and 2.
requirements specified in Table 1 when tested by the methods
NOTE3—TypeIandTypeIIareGrade1(VirginResin)andTypeIIIand given in Section 12. The heavy-walled tubing covered by this
Type IV are Grade 2 (Reprocessed Resin).
specification shall meet the mechanical and electrical require-
ments in Table 2 when tested by the methods given in Section
4.2 A one-line system is used to specify materials covered
12.
by this specification. The system uses predefined cells to refer
to specific aspects of this specification, illustrated as follows:
7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
Specification
Standard Number Type Grade Class Special
7.1 The dimensions and tolerances of heavy-walled tubing
Block notes
shall be in accordance with Table 3. Measurements shall be
made in accordance with Method A of Test Methods D374 or
Example: Specification D1710–08 1 1 A
Test Method D5947.
4.2.1 For this example, the line callout would be Specifica-
tion D1710–08, 11 A, and would specify that a rod, heavy- 7.2 For rod and heavy-walled tubing, it is necessary to
walledtubing,orbasicshapehasallofthepropertieslistedfor center-less-grindtheoutsidediameterforrodandheavy-walled
D1710 − 15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Properties of PTFE Heavy-Walled Tubing
Type I Type II Type III
Grade
Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade
1 2 1 2 1 2
Specific Gravity, min 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.14 2.14 2.13
Tensile Strength, min, MPA 13.8 10.4 13.8 10.4 11.0 9.0
(psi) (2000) (1500) (2000) (1500) (1600) (1300)
Elongation at break, min, % 150 140 150 140 100 80
Dielectric Strength, min
1 mm (0.040 in.) kV/mm 29.5 27.5 25.6 23.6 12 10
Short Time (V/mil) (750) (700) (650) (600) (325) (250)
Dimensional Stability
max, Classes B and D, %
Length 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5
Diameter 0.5 0.5 0.75 0.75 1.0 1.0
TABLE 3 Diameter and Tolerances for PTFE Rod and
8.2 Finish—The rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be free
Heavy-Walled Tubing
from surface blisters, cracks, wrinkles, and other surface
Nominal Inside or
defects that might impair it for general use.
B
Outside Tolerance,
A
mm (in.)
Diameter,
8.3 Internal Defects—Classes C and D shall be free of all
mm (in.)
macroscopic voids, cracks, and foreign inclusions, or the
1.6 ( ⁄16) 0.13
location of such defects shall be clearly marked or identified.
(0.005)
The examination for internal defects shall be made in accor-
3.2 ( ⁄8) 0.18
(0.007)
dance with Guide E94.
4.8 ( ⁄16) 0.23
(0.009)
1 9. Sampling
6.3 ( ⁄4) 0.30
(0.012)
9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy the
9.5 ( ⁄8) 0.30
requirements of 13.4.
(0.012)
12.7 ( ⁄2) 0.36
(0.014)
10. Number of Tests and Retests
15.8 ( ⁄8) 0.41
(0.016)
10.1 The tests listed in Table 1 and Table 2, as they apply,
19.1 ( ⁄4) 0.43
are sufficient to establish conformity of the PTFE rod or
(0.017)
heavy-walled tubing to this specification. When the number of
25.4 (1) 0.51
(0.020)
test specimens is not stated in the test method, single determi-
31.8 (1 ⁄4) 0.64
nation shall be made. If more than single determinations on
(0.025)
separateportionsofthesamesamplearemade,theresultsshall
38.1 (1 ⁄2) 0.76
(0.030)
be averaged. The single or average result shall conform to the
44.4 (1 ⁄4) 0.89
requirements prescribed in this specification.
(0.035)
A
Intermediatediametersshallconformtothetolerancesofthenextlargerdiameter
11. Test Conditions
in the table.
B
The tolerance is plus for outside diameters and minus for inside diameters.
11.1 Conditioning of Specimens—The test specimens shall
be conditioned in accordance with Procedure A of Practice
D618 for a period of at least 4 h prior to test.
11.2 Standard Temperature—Thetestsshallbeconductedat
tubing to meet the tolerances given in Table 3. Tolerances for
thestandardlaboratorytemperatureof23 62°C.Sincetherod
sizes of rod 50.8 mm (2.0 in.) and above shall be agreed upon
orheavy-walledtubingdoesnotabsorbwater,themaintenance
be manufacturer and buyer.
of constant humidity during testing is not important.
7.2.1 Eccentricity—The eccentricity of the heavy-walled
tubing, when measured as one half of the difference between
12. Test Methods
the maximum and minimum wall thickness at either end of the
12.1 Visual Inspection—Visually inspect each of the
tube, shall not exceed 10% of the nominal wall thickness.
samples of PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing selected in
Nominal wall thickness is one half the difference between the
accordance with Section 9 to verify its compliance with the
nominal outside diameter and the nominal inside diameter.
requirements of this specification. Occasional superficial flaws
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance in PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be interpreted as not
affecting the physical and electrical properties; however, if
8.1 Color—Type I shall be white to translucent but may
there is an appearance of a transverse discontinuity or “poker
have occasional spots.Types III and IVtypically are white but
chip,” testing for tensile strength and elongation is imperative.
may vary to light gray or light brown. ForTypes II, III, and IV
occasional small gray, brown, or black spots shall not be 12.2 Specific Gravity—Determine the specific gravity of the
considered cause for rejection. rod or heavy-walled tubing in accordance with Method A of
D1710 − 15 (2021)
TABLE 4 Precision Summary, Tensile Strength and Elongation at
Break
NOTE 1—I =2.8× CV ; I =2.8× CV
r r R R
Tensile Strength
Material
Mean, psi CV,% CV ,% I,% I ,%
r R r R
Granular PTFE 4801 2.79 8.85 7.81 24.78
12.3.1.3 For the tensile strength and elongation of heavy-
walled tubing, machine a sleeve 1.27-2.54 mm (0.05-0.10 in.)
wall thickness approximately 25.4 mm (1 in.) long from the
innerareaofthetubing.Slitthissleeveusingautilityknife(cut
parallel to direction of extrusion) to open up and lay flat this
tubing. Using steel rule diameter as described in Specification
D4894 stamp samples around perimeter of the tubing.
12.3.2 Test at a speed of 50.8 mm (2 in.)/min, five speci-
mens to be tested and averaged for all specimen types.
12.3.3 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias data
available is shown in Table 4.
12.4 Dielectric Strength:
12.4.1 Determine the dielectric strength in accordance with
the short-timed test of Test Method D149. Electrode shall be
1/16” diameter pin electrode having beveled edges where they
impinge on the specimen. Sample
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