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ASTM D2397-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt

Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the seven grades of cationic emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction. The asphalt shall be homogeneous after thorough mixing provided separation has not been caused by freezing and shall conform to the requirements set for viscosity, storage stability, demulsibility, coating ability and water resistance, particle charge, and distillation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of cationic emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2005
ICS
91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
93.080.20 - Road construction materials
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.41 - Emulsified Asphalt Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2397-02 - Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D2397-12 - Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7402-09(2017) - Standard Practice for Identifying Cationic Emulsified Asphalts
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D244-09(2017) - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D5360-15 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4223/D4223M-20 - Standard Practices for Preparation of Test Specimens of Asphalt-Stabilized Soils
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005

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ASTM D2397-05 - Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified AsphaltASTM D2397-05 - Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
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ASTM D2397-05 - Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2397 −05
StandardSpecification for
1
Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2397; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope thorough mixing provided separation has not been caused by
freezing. Emulsions separated by freezing shall not be tested.
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of cationic emul-
sified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner 3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements
designated. prescribed in Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Sampling
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accor-
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
dance with Practice D140.
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed contain-
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of
ers at a temperature of not less than 4°C (39.2°F) until tested.
Slurry Seal
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of
5. Test Methods
Emulsified Asphalts
5.1 The properties of the emulsified asphalts given in Table
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified
1 shall be determined in accordance with the followingASTM
Asphalts (Sieve Test)
test methods:
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of
5.1.1 Viscosity—Test Methods D244.
Emulsified Asphalt
5.1.2 Storage Stability—Test Method D6930.
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emul-
5.1.3 Demulsibility—Test Method D6936.
sified Asphalt
5.1.4 Coating Ability and Water Resistance—Test Methods
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D244.
3. Requirements
5.1.5 Particle Charge—Test Methods D244.
5.1.6 Sieve Test—Test Method D6933, except use distilled
3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of
water in all wetting and washing operations in place of the
delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
nonionic surfactant solution (1 %).
1
5.1.7 Cement Mixing—Test Method D6935.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on
5.1.8 Distillation—Test Method D6997.
Emulsified Asphalt Specifications.
5.1.9 Tests on Residue from Distillation—Test Methods
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.PublishedJuly2005.Originallyapproved
D244.
in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D2397–02. DOI: 10.1520/
D2397-05.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Keywords
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 cationic; emulsified asphalt; emulsion; medium setting;
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary pag
...

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4.1 Sampling is as important as testing, and precautions shall be taken to obtain samples to show the true nature and condition of the materials.  
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5.1 This test method measures the amount of water present in the emulsified asphalt, as distinguished from either bitumen or petroleum solvent.
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1.1 These test methods and practices, given under the headings titled Composition, Consistency, Stability, and Examination of Residue, cover the examination of asphalt emulsions composed principally of a semisolid or liquid asphaltic base, water, and an emulsifying agent. The test methods cover the following tests and practices:    
Test  
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Standard Specification for Re-Refined Engine Oil Bottoms (REOB)/Vacuum Tower Asphalt Extender (VTAE)

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the material, manufacturing, and physical requirements for re-refined engine oil bottoms, also known as vacuum tower asphalt extender, that may be used in formulating asphalt for pavement construction and roofing. "Re-refined engine oil bottoms" (REOB) is the commonly used term used by many state highway agencies and FHWA, while "vacuum tower asphalt extender" (VTAE) is preferred by manufacturers. REOB/VTAE may be obtained by processing used engine oil using atmospheric distillation followed by vacuum distillation to produce a vacuum residuum meeting the requirements outlined in this specification. The REOB/VTAE shall be homogenous, free from water, and not foam when heated to 232°C (450°F).
SCOPE
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5.1 Values of density are used for converting volumes to units of mass and for correcting measured volumes at the measured temperature to a standard temperature using Practice D4311/D4311M.
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5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
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Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM D1461-17(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Asphalt Mixtures

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3.1 This test method is used for determining either the amount of moisture or the amount of volatile petroleum distillates in asphalt mixtures.  
3.2 Applicable standards are those in which measurements or calibrations are made, samples are procured, or products are selected.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct measurement, of moisture or volatile fractions of the asphalt in asphalt mixtures.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D3289-17(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid and Solid Asphalt Materials (Nickel Crucible Method)

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5.1 Values of density are used for converting volumes to units of mass, and for correcting measured volumes from the temperature of measurement to a standard temperature using Practice D4311/D4311M.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of semi-solid and solid asphalt materials by weighing in air and in water.
Note 1: An alternate method for determining the density of semi-solid and solid asphalt materials is Test Method D70/D70M. For materials which are too fluid for use of this method, use Test Method D3142/D3142M.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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