ASTM D7344-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors.
5.2 The distillation characteristics are equally important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperatures or high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.
5.3 Volatility, as it affects the rate of evaporation, is an important factor in the application of many solvents, particularly those used in paints.
5.4 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and liquid fuels in the range of 20 °C to 400 °C (68 °F to 752 °F) using miniaturized automatic distillation apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7344 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at
Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determi-
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
nation of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products
Petroleum Products
and liquid fuels in the range of 20 °C to 400 °C (68 °F to
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
752 °F) using miniaturized automatic distillation apparatus.
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels,
ucts (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 %
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and
ucts (Mini Method)
lowsulfurdieselfuels,biodiesel(B100),biodieselblendsupto
D5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white
ucts (Mini Method—Atmospheric)
spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate
products;itisnotapplicabletoproductscontainingappreciable Lubricants
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
quantities of residual material.
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
only.
IP 69 Determination of Vapour Pressure—Reid Method
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
IP 394 Determination of Air Saturated Vapour Pressure
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 decomposition, n—of a hydrocarbon, pyrolysis or
2. Referenced Documents
cracking of a molecule yielding smaller molecules with lower
boiling points than the original molecule.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
3.1.1.1 decomposition point, n—in distillation,thecorrected
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
temperature reading that coincides with the first indications of
D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
thermal decomposition of the specimen.
(Reid Method)
3.1.2 dynamic holdup, n—in D7344 distillation, amount of
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
materialpresentinthedistillationcolumn,andinthecondenser
Reduced Pressure
during the distillation.
3.1.3 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP),
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
n—maximum corrected temperature reading obtained during
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
the test.
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7344 – 11a. DOI:
10.1520/D7344-14.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7344 − 14
3.1.4 initial boiling point (IBP), n—in D7344 distillation, 4.5 This test method uses a small specimen volume and
corrected temperature reading at the instant of the first detec- miniaturized apparatus which can be portable for field testing.
tion of condensate in the receiver.
5. Significance and Use
3.1.5 percent evaporated, n—in distillation, sum of the
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocar-
percent recovered and the percent loss.
bons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety
3.1.6 percent loss, n— in distillation,onehundredminusthe
and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents.
percent total recovery.
The boiling range gives information on the composition, the
3.1.6.1 corrected loss, n—percent loss corrected for baro-
properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use.
metric pressure.
Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a
hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors.
3.1.7 percent recovered, n—in distillation, the volume of
condensate collected relative to the sample charge.
5.2 The distillation characteristics are equally important for
3.1.8 percent recovery, n—in distillation, maximum percent both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting,
recovered relative to the sample charge.
warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating
temperatures or high altitude, or both. The presence of high
3.1.8.1 corrected percent recovery, n—in distillation, the
boiling point components in these and other fuels can signifi-
percent recovery, adjusted for the corrected percent loss.
cantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion
3.1.8.2 percent total recovery, n—in distillation, the com-
deposits.
bined percent recovery and percent residue.
5.3 Volatility, as it affects the rate of evaporation, is an
3.1.9 percent residue, n—in distillation, the volume of
important factor in the application of many solvents, particu-
residue relative to the sample charge.
larly those used in paints.
3.1.10 sample charge, n—the amount of sample used in a
5.4 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum prod-
test.
uct specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process
3.1.11 vapor temperature reading, n—temperature of the
refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory
saturated vapor measured in the distillation column below the
rules.
vapor tube, as determined by the prescribed conditions of the
test.
6. Apparatus
3.1.11.1 corrected vapor temperature reading,
6.1 Automatic Distillation Apparatus—The type of appara-
n—temperature reading, as described in 3.1.11, corrected for
tus suitable for this test method employs a heat source, a
barometric pressure.
specimen cup, a stainless steel distillation column, a tempera-
ture measuring device, a thermoelectrically controlled con-
4. Summary of Test Method
denser and receiver system, a thermoelectrically controlled
4.1 Based on its composition, vapor pressure, expected IBP
sample introduction and dosing system, and a system to
orexpectedFBP,oracombinationthereof,thesampleisplaced
measure and automatically record the vapor temperature, the
in one of four groups. Condenser temperature and other
associated percent recovered volume in the receiver, the
operational variables are defined by the group in which the
condenser temperature, and the barometric pressure.
sample falls.
6.2 A description of the apparatus is given in Annex A1.
4.2 A specimen of the sample is distilled under prescribed
6.3 Sample Introduction and Dosing System—A system
conditions for the group in which the sample falls. The
capable to automatically draw sample from a sample container
specimen volume for distillation Groups 1 to 3 is 6 mL. For
and fill the specimen container cup with a specimen of 6 mL 6
Group 4, the specimen volume is 5.5 mL. The distillation is
0.05 mL or 5.5 mL 6 0.05 mL.
performed in an automatic, miniaturized distillation apparatus
6.4 Temperature Measuring Device—A thermocouple
at ambient pressure under conditions that are designed to
(NiCr-Niorsimilar)instainlesssteeltubeof1 mm 60.02 mm
provide approximately one theoretical plate fractionation. The
diameterwitharesponsetimeoft(90)=3 s 61 sshallbeused
vapor temperature readings and volumes of condensate are
for measuring the temperature of the vapor. The minimum
monitored continuously. After the test, specimen losses and
residue are recorded. resolution shall be 0.1 °C (0.2 °F), and the minimum accuracy
60.1 °C (0.2 °F).
4.3 After conclusion of the test, the temperatures are auto-
matically corrected for barometric pressure, using the pressure 6.5 Pressure Transducer—A pressure transducer with a
minimum range of 0 kPa to 120 kPa with a minimum resolu-
readingofabuilt-inpressuretransducer.Thedataareexamined
for conformance to procedural requirements, such as distilla- tion of 0.1 kPa shall be used. The minimum accuracy shall be
60.1 kPa.
tion rates.The test has to be repeated if any specified condition
has not been met.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
4.4 Test results are commonly expressed as percent volume
is Grabner Instruments,A-1220Vienna, Dr. Otto Neurathgasse 1,Austria. If you are
evaporated or percent volume recovered versus corresponding
aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
vapor temperature, either in a table or graphically, as a plot of
tional Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting
the distillation curve. of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
D7344 − 14
TABLE 1 Group Characteristics TABLE 2 Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4
Sample Temperature of sample bottle °C <10
characteristics °F <50
A A
Distillate type Temperature of stored bottle °C <10 <10 ambient ambient
A A
°F <50 <50 ambient ambient
Vapor pressure at: Temperature of sample after °C <10 <10 ambient ambient
37.8 °C, kPa $65.5 <65.5 <65.5 <65.5 conditioning prior to analysis °F <50 <50 ambient ambient
B C C
100 °F, psi $9.5 <9.5 <9.5 <9.5 If sample is wet resample resample dry dry
B D D
(Test Methods D323, If sample is still wet dry dry
D4953, D5190, D5191,
A
Under certain circumstances, samples can also be stored at temperatures below
D5482, IP 69, or IP 394)
20 °C (68 °F). See also 8.3.3.
Distillation:
B
If sample is known to be wet, resampling may be omitted. Dry sample in
IBP °C #100 >100
accordance with 8.5.2 and 8.5.3.
°F #212 >212
C
Dry in accordance with 8.5.3.
EP °C #250 #250 >250 >250
D
Dry in accordance with 8.5.2.
°F #482 #482 >482 >482
8.2.2.1 Groups 1 and 2—Collect the sample as described in
6.6 Balance, with a minimum range of 25 g and a minimum
8.2.2 at a temperature below 10 °C (50 °F). If this is not
accuracy of 63 mg.
possible because, for instance, the product to be sampled is at
6.7 Pressure Measuring Device for Calibration, capable of
ambient temperature, the sample shall be drawn into a bottle
measuring local station pressure with an accuracy and a
prechilled to below 10 °C (50 °F), in such a manner that
resolution of 0.1 kPa (1 mm Hg) or better, at the same
agitation is kept at a minimum. Close the bottle immediately
elevationrelativetosealevelastheapparatusinthelaboratory.
with a tight-fitting closure. (Warning—Do not completely fill
and tightly seal a cold bottle of sample due to the of the
7. Reagents and Materials
likelihood of breakage upon warming.)
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Use chemicals of at least 99 %
8.2.2.2 Groups 3 and 4—Collect the sample at ambient
purity for quality control checks. Quality control check mate-
temperature. After sampling, close the sample bottle immedi-
rials used in this test method are toluene (Warning—
ately with a tight-fitting closure.
Flammable and a health hazard) and hexadecane (see Section
8.2.2.3 If the sample received by the testing laboratory has
10). Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents
been sampled by others and it is not known whether sampling
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
has been performed as described in 8.2, the sample shall be
Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
assumed to have been so sampled.
specifications are available. Lower purities can be used,
8.2.2.4 Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for introduc-
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficient
ing the test specimen into the measuring chamber.
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the
8.3 Sample Storage:
determination.
8.3.1 If testing is not to start immediately after collection,
NOTE 1—The chemicals in this section are suggested for quality control
store the samples as indicated in 8.3.2 and 8.3.3 and Table 2.
procedures (see Section 10) and are not used for instrument calibration.
All samples shall be stored away from direct sunlight or
sources of direct heat.
8. Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
8.3.2 Groups 1 and 2—Store the sample at a temperature
8.1 Determine the group characteristics that correspond to
below 10 °C (50 °F).
the sample to be tested (see Table 1). Where the procedure is
NOTE 2—If there are no, or inadequate, facilities for storage below or
dependent upon the group, the section headings will be so
equal10 °C(50 °F),thesamplemayalsobestoredatatemperaturebelow
marked.
20 °C (68 °F), provided the operator ensures that the sample container is
8.2 Sampling: tightly closed and leak-free.
8.2.1 Only samples that are liquid at room temperature can
8.3.3 Groups 3 and 4—Storethesampleatambientorlower
be tested by this test method.
temperature.
8.2.2 Sampling shall be done as described in Table 2 and in
8.4 Sample Conditioning Prior to Analysis:
accordance with Practice D4057 or D4177, except do not use
8.4.1 Samples shall be conditioned to the temperature
the “Sampling by Water Displacement” section for fuels
shown in Table 2 before opening the sample container.
containing oxygenates.
8.4.1.1 Groups 1 and 2—Samples shall be conditioned to a
temperature of less than 10 °C (50 °F) before opening the
sample
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7344 − 11a D7344 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at
Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and
liquid fuels in the range of 2020 °C to 400°C (68400 °C (68 °F to 752°F)752 °F) using miniaturized automatic distillation
apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels,
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low
sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits,
kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable
quantities of residual material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method—Atmospheric)
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
IP 69 Determination of Vapour Pressure—Reid Method
IP 394 Determination of Air Saturated Vapour Pressure
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2012January 2015. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
D7344D7344 – 11a.–11. DOI: 10.1520/D7344-11A.10.1520/D7344-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7344 − 14
3.1.1 decomposition, n—of a hydrocarbon, pyrolysis or cracking of a molecule yielding smaller molecules with lower boiling
points than the original molecule.
3.1.1.1 decomposition point, n—in distillation, the corrected temperature reading that coincides with the first indications of
thermal decomposition of the specimen.
3.1.2 dynamic holdup, n—in D7344 distillation, amount of material present in the distillation column, and in the condenser
during the distillation.
3.1.3 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP), n—maximum corrected temperature reading obtained during the test.
3.1.4 initial boiling point (IBP), n—in D7344 distillation, corrected temperature reading at the instant of the first detection of
condensate in the receiver.
3.1.5 percent evaporated, n—in distillation, sum of the percent recovered and the percent loss.
3.1.6 percent loss, n— in distillation, one hundred minus the percent total recovery.
3.1.6.1 corrected loss, n—percent loss corrected for barometric pressure.
3.1.7 percent recovered, n—in distillation, the volume of condensate collected relative to the sample charge.
3.1.8 percent recovery, n—in distillation, maximum percent recovered relative to the sample charge.
3.1.8.1 corrected percent recovery, n—in distillation, the percent recovery, adjusted for the corrected percent loss.
3.1.8.2 percent total recovery, n—in distillation, the combined percent recovery and percent residue.
3.1.9 percent residue, n—in distillation, the volume of residue relative to the sample charge.
3.1.10 sample charge, n—the amount of sample used in a test.
3.1.11 vapor temperature reading, n—temperature of the saturated vapor measured in the distillation column below the vapor
tube, as determined by the prescribed conditions of the test.
3.1.11.1 corrected vapor temperature reading, n—temperature reading, as described in 3.1.11, corrected for barometric pressure.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Based on its composition, vapor pressure, expected IBP or expected FBP, or a combination thereof, the sample is placed in
one of four groups. Condenser temperature and other operational variables are defined by the group in which the sample falls.
4.2 A specimen of the sample is distilled under prescribed conditions for the group in which the sample falls. The specimen
volume for distillation Groups 1 to 3 is 6 mL. 6 mL. For Group 4, the specimen volume is 5.5 mL. 5.5 mL. The distillation is
performed in an automatic, miniaturized distillation apparatus at ambient pressure under conditions that are designed to provide
approximately one theoretical plate fractionation. The vapor temperature readings and volumes of condensate are monitored
continuously. After the test, specimen losses and residue are recorded.
4.3 After conclusion of the test, the temperatures are automatically corrected for barometric pressure, using the pressure reading
of a built-in pressure transducer. The data are examined for conformance to procedural requirements, such as distillation rates. The
test has to be repeated if any specified condition has not been met.
4.4 Test results are commonly expressed as percent volume evaporated or percent volume recovered versus corresponding vapor
temperature, either in a table or graphically, as a plot of the distillation curve.
4.5 This test method uses a small specimen volume and miniaturized apparatus which can be portable for field testing.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and
performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties,
and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture
to produce potentially explosive vapors.
5.2 The distillation characteristics are equally important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up,
and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperatures or high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components
in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.
5.3 Volatility, as it affects the rate of evaporation, is an important factor in the application of many solvents, particularly those
used in paints.
5.4 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process
refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.
D7344 − 14
TABLE 1 Group Characteristics
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4
Sample
characteristics
Distillate type
Vapor pressure at:
37.8°C, kPa $65.5 <65.5 <65.5 <65.5
37.8 °C, kPa $65.5 <65.5 <65.5 <65.5
100°F, psi $9.5 <9.5 <9.5 <9.5
100 °F, psi $9.5 <9.5 <9.5 <9.5
(Test Methods D323,
D4953, D5190, D5191,
D5482, IP 69, or IP 394)
Distillation:
IBP °C #100 >100
°F #212 >212
EP °C #250 #250 >250 >250
°F #482 #482 >482 >482
6. Apparatus
6.1 Automatic Distillation Apparatus—The type of apparatus suitable for this test method employs a heat source, a specimen
cup, a stainless steel distillation column, a temperature measuring device, a thermoelectrically controlled condenser and receiver
system, a thermoelectrically controlled sample introduction and dosing system, and a system to measure and automatically record
the vapor temperature, the associated percent recovered volume in the receiver, the condenser temperature, and the barometric
pressure.
6.2 A description of the apparatus is given in Annex A1.
6.3 Sample Introduction and Dosing System—A system capable to automatically draw sample from a sample container and fill
the specimen container cup with a specimen of 66 mL 6 0.05 mL 0.05 mL or 5.55.5 mL 6 0.05 mL.0.05 mL.
6.4 Temperature Measuring Device—A thermocouple (NiCr-Ni or similar) in stainless steel tube of 11 mm 6 0.02 mm 0.02 mm
diameter with a response time of t(90) = 33 s 6 1 s 1 s shall be used for measuring the temperature of the vapor. The minimum
resolution shall be 0.1°C (0.2°F),0.1 °C (0.2 °F), and the minimum accuracy 60.1°C (0.2°F).60.1 °C (0.2 °F).
6.5 Pressure Transducer—A pressure transducer with a minimum range of 00 kPa to 120 kPa 120 kPa with a minimum
resolution of 0.1 kPa 0.1 kPa shall be used. The minimum accuracy shall be 60.1 kPa.60.1 kPa.
6.6 Balance, with a minimum range of 25 g 25 g and a minimum accuracy of 63 mg.63 mg.
6.7 Pressure Measuring Device for Calibration, capable of measuring local station pressure with an accuracy and a resolution
of 0.1 kPa (1 mm 0.1 kPa (1 mm Hg) or better, at the same elevation relative to sea level as the apparatus in the laboratory.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Use chemicals of at least 99 % purity for quality control checks. Quality control check materials used
in this test method are toluene (Warning—Flammable and a health hazard) and hexadecane (see Section 10). Unless otherwise
indicated, it is intended that all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American
Chemical Society where such specifications are available. Lower purities can be used, provided it is first ascertained that the
reagent is of sufficient purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
NOTE 1—The chemicals in this section are suggested for quality control procedures (see Section 10) and are not used for instrument calibration.
8. Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
8.1 Determine the group characteristics that correspond to the sample to be tested (see Table 1). Where the procedure is
dependent upon the group, the section headings will be so marked.
8.2 Sampling:
8.2.1 Only samples that are liquid at room temperature can be tested by this test method.
8.2.2 Sampling shall be done as described in Table 2 and in accordance with Practice D4057 or D4177, except do not use the
“Sampling by Water Displacement” section for fuels containing oxygenates.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Grabner Instruments, A-1220 Vienna, Dr. Otto Neurathgasse 1, Austria. If you are aware
of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
D7344 − 14
TABLE 2 Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4
Temperature of sample bottle °C <10
°F <50
A A
Temperature of stored bottle °C <10 <10 ambient ambient
A A
°F <50 <50 ambient ambient
Temperature of sample after °C <10 <10 ambient ambient
conditioning prior to analysis °F <50 <50 ambient ambient
B C C
If sample is wet resample resample dry dry
B D D
If sample is still wet dry dry
A
Under certain circumstances, samples can also be stored at temperatures below
20°C (68°F).20 °C (68 °F). See also 8.3.3.
B
If sample is known to be wet, resampling may be omitted. Dry sample in
accordance with 8.5.2 and 8.5.3.
C
Dry in accordance with 8.5.3.
D
Dry in accordance with 8.5.2.
8.2.2.1 Groups 1 and 2—Collect the sample as described in 8.2.2 at a temperature below 10°C (50°F).10 °C (50 °F). If this is
not possible because, for instance, the product to be sampled is at ambient temperature, the sample shall be drawn into a bottle
prechilled to below 10°C (50°F),10 °C (50 °F), in such a manner that agitation is kept at a minimum. Close the bottle immediately
with a tight-fitting closure. (Warning—Do not completely fill and tightly seal a cold bottle of sample due to the of the likelihood
of breakage upon warming.)
8.2.2.2 Groups 3 and 4—Collect the sample at ambient temperature. After sampling, close the sample bottle immediately with
a tight-fitting closure.
8.2.2.3 If the sample received by the testing laboratory has been sampled by others and it is not known whether
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