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ASTM C861-93(2020)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and Shapes

Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is provided in the interest of facilitating the transition of dimensional practice for standard refractory brick and shapes from inch-pound units to metric (SI) units.  
3.2 The standard dimensions are based on a 38-mm module (taken as the equivalent to 1.5 in.) and are developed with the aim of preserving a modular relationship between the dimensions of the principal rectangular refractory shapes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers dimensions in millimetres for standard series refractory brick and shapes of all compositions.  
1.2 A standard method for converting all other dimensions of shaped refractory articles from inch-pound to SI units is included.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2020
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.92 - The Joseph E. Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C861-93(2014) - Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and Shapes
Effective Date
01-Feb-2020
Referred By
ASTM C704/C704M-15(2022)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Refractory Materials at Room Temperature
Effective Date
01-Feb-2020
Referred By
ASTM C909-18(2022) - Standard Practice for Dimensions of a Modular Series of Refractory Brick and Shapes
Effective Date
01-Feb-2020

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ASTM C861-93(2020) - Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and ShapesASTM C861-93(2020) - Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and Shapes
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ASTM C861-93(2020) - Standard Practice for Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series Refractory Brick and Shapes
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C861 − 93 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Determining Metric Dimensions of Standard Series
Refractory Brick and Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
3.1 Thispracticeisprovidedintheinterestoffacilitatingthe
1.1 This practice covers dimensions in millimetres for
transition of dimensional practice for standard refractory brick
standardseriesrefractorybrickandshapesofallcompositions.
and shapes from inch-pound units to metric (SI) units.
1.2 A standard method for converting all other dimensions
3.2 The standard dimensions are based on a 38-mm module
of shaped refractory articles from inch-pound to SI units is
(taken as the equivalent to 1.5 in.) and are developed with the
included.
aim of preserving a modular relationship between the dimen-
sions of the principal rectangular refractory shapes.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Standard Dimensions
only.
4.1 Table 1 lists the standard nominal dimensions in
millimetres, with corresponding standard dimensions in inch-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
pound units shown for reference only. Note that these dimen-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
sions are not exact conversions, but in all but two cases are
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
within ⁄4% of the exact value.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Conversion
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 For dimensions not listed in Table 1, multiply the
dimension in inches by the factor 25.4 to obtain the exact
2. Referenced Documents
conversion in millimetres. For description or specification of
refractory shapes, round the dimension to the nearest whole
2.1 ASTM Standards:
millimetre. For example:
IEEE/ASTM SI10American National Standard for Use of
1 in. × 25.4 = 25.4 mm, expressed as 25 mm
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
11 in. × 25.4 = 279.4 mm, expressed as 279 mm
System
22 ⁄2 in. × 25.4 = 571.5 mm, expressed as 572 mm
6. Standard Equivalent
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC08onRefractories
6.1 For closest approximation to inch-pound units, the
and is the direct
...

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4.1 This test method was developed for use both by manufacturers as a process control tool for the production of AZS fusion-cast refractories, and by glass manufacturers in the selection of refractories and design of glass-melting furnaces.  
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2.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass-melting furnace superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack occurs.  
2.2 An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water vapor and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon the nature and type of firing employed.  
2.3 The degree of correlation between this test method and service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended to be an accelerated test method that generates a substantial degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal environment.  
2.4 Since the test method may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this test method may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results of this test method may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.  
2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated test method and to be careful in interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real-world furnace, then this test method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass-melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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