ASTM D7683-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Small Test Jar Method)
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Small Test Jar Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels is an index of the lowest temperature of their utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems.
Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the cloud point.
This test method can determine the temperature of the test specimen at which wax crystals have formed sufficiently to be observed as a cloud with a resolution of 0.1°C.
This test method provides results that, when corrected for bias and rounded to the next lower integer (see 12.2), have been found equivalent to Test Method D2500.
This test method determines the cloud point in a shorter time period than required by Test Method D2500.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, using an automatic instrument.
1.2 The measuring range of the apparatus is from -65 to 51°C, however the precision statements were derived only from samples with cloud point temperatures from -50 to +6°C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D7683 − 11
Standard Test Method for
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Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Small Test Jar Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7683; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprising mono-alkyl esters of
long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud
fats, designated B100.
point of petroleum products, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, using an
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
automatic instrument.
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield
1.2 The measuring range of the apparatus is from -65 to
mono-esters and glycerin.The fuel typically may contain up to
51°C, however the precision statements were derived only
14differenttypesoffattyacidsthatarechemicallytransformed
from samples with cloud point temperatures from -50 to +6°C.
into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 biodiesel blend (BXX), n—blend of biodiesel fuel with
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the
standard.
volume percentage (as a whole number without the percentage
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sign) of biodiesel.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cooling under prescribed conditions.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.3.1 Discussion—The cloud point occurs when the tem-
2 perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarbon
2.1 ASTM Standards:
crystals to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud is
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
always noted first at the location in the specimen where the
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
specimen temperature is the lowest. The cloud point is the
Petroleum Products
temperature at which the crystals first occur, regardless of their
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
location in the specimen, and not after extensive crystallization
Petroleum Products
has taken place. The hydrocarbon crystals that precipitate at
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
lower temperatures are typically, but not excluded to, straight
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
chain hydrocarbons commonly called “wax crystals.”
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
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3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
IP219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products 3.2.1 small test jar method, n—in cloud point test methods,
automatic test procedure using a small sample size, prescribed
3. Terminology
cooling rate, specimen receptacle, and optical system for
detection of crystal formation.
3.1 Definitions:
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The prescribed cooling rate is de-
scribedin11.4,thespecimenreceptacleisdescribedin6.3,and
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
the optical system for detection of crystal formation is de-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
scribed in A1.2.3.
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2011. Published April 2011. DOI: 10.1520/
3.2.2 D2500/IP219 equivalent cloud point, n—temperature
D7683–11.
of a specimen, in integers, calculated by applying a bias and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM rounding the results of this test method to the next lower
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
integer (see 12.2).
the ASTM website.
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3.2.2.1 Discussion—This test method produces results with
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk. 0.1°C resolution. Should the user wish to provide results with
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