ASTM A522/A522M-95b(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers 8 and 9 % nickel-alloy steel forged or rolled flanges, fittings, valves, and parts intended for use in welded pressure vessels for low-temperature service. The specification is applicable to forgings with maximum section thickness of 3 in. [75 mm] in the double normalized and tempered condition and 5 in. [125 mm] in the quenched and tempered condition. Forgings under this specification are intended for service at operating temperatures not lower than -320oF [-196oC] for Type I or -275oF [-170oC] for Type II or higher than 250oF [o121C].
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two types having different chemical compositions as follows:TypeNominal Nickel Content, % I9 II8
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: A 522/A 522M – 95b (Reapproved 2001) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges,
Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 522/A 522M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require-
ments
1.1 This specification covers 8 and 9 % nickel-alloy steel
forged or rolled flanges, fittings, valves, and parts intended for
3. Ordering Information
use in welded pressure vessels for low-temperature service.
3.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
The specification is applicable to forgings with maximum
purchase order all ordering information necessary to purchase
section thickness of 3 in. [75 mm] in the double normalized
the needed material. Examples of such information include but
and tempered condition and 5 in. [125 mm] in the quenched
are not limited to the following:
and tempered condition. Forgings under this specification are
3.1.1 Quantity,
intended for service at operating temperatures not lower than
3.1.2 Size and pressure class or dimensions (Tolerances and
−320°F [−196°C] for Type I or −275°F [−170°C] for Type II or
surface finishes should be included),
higher than 250°F [121°C].
3.1.3 Specification number and type (The year date should
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two
be included),
types having different chemical compositions as follows:
3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, and
Type Nominal Nickel Content, %
3.1.5 Additional requirements, (See 4.4, 13.6, 16.1, 17.1,
I 9
II 8
17.2, and 18.3).
1.3 Supplementary requirements S1 and S2 are optional and
4. Materials and Manufacture
shall apply when specified by the purchaser.
4.1 The steel shall be produced in accordance with the
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
melting process section of Specification A 788.
and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
4.2 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or either
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be
forged or rolled blooms, billets, or bars.
furnished to inch-pound units.
4.3 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in the
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
Terminology Section of Specification A 788.
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
4.4 When specified in the order, the manufacturer shall
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
submit for purchaser’s approval a sketch showing the shape of
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
the rough forging before machining.
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
5. Chemical Composition
cation.
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemical
composition as prescribed in Table 1. Test Methods, Practices,
2. Referenced Documents
and Terminology A 751 shall apply.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Test-
6. Tensile Requirements
ing of Steel Products
6.1 The forgings shall conform to the tensile property
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
3 requirements prescribed in Table 2.
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
6.2 The forgings shall be tested in accordance with the latest
issue of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
7. Impact Requirements
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Valves and Fittings.
7.1 Impact tests shall be conducted at −320°F [−195°C] for
Current edition approved June 15, 1995. Published August 1995. Originally
Type I and at −275°F [−170°C] for Type II, except when a
published as A 522 – 64. Last previous edition A 522/A 522M – 95a.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-522 in Section II of that Code.
3 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 522/A 522M
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
minimum of 2 h for thicknesses up to 1 in. [25 mm]. For
thicknesses over 1 in. [25 mm], a minimum additional holding
Composition, %
time in the ratio of 1 h/in. (2.4 min/mm) of thickness in excess
Type I Type II
of 1 in. [25 mm] shall be added. Cool at a minimum rate of
Carbon, max 0.13 0.13
300°F [165°C]/h to a temperature not exceeding 600°F
Manganese, max 0.90 0.90
[315°C].
Phosphorus, max
Heat analysis 0.025 0.025
9. Cast or Heat (Formerly Ladle) Analysis
Product analysis 0.030 0.030
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025
9.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
A
Silicon
manufacturer to determine percentages of the elements speci-
Heat analysis 0.15–0.30 0.15–0.30
Product analysis 0.13–0.32 0.13–0.32 fied in Table 1.
Nickel
Heat analysis 8.5–9.5 7.5–8.5
10. Product (Check) Verification Analysis
Product analysis 8.40–9.60 7.40–8.60
10.1 An analysis may be made by the purchaser from a
A
When vacuum carbon deoxidation is used, the maximum silicon content shall
forging representing each heat. Samples for analysis shall be
be 0.10 %.
taken not less than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] below the surface of the
forgings, or from tension test specimens. The chemical com-
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements at Room Temperature
position thus determined shall conform to the requirements
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 100 [690] specified in Table 1.
Yield strength, min, (0.2 % off-set), ksi [MPa] 75 [515]
Elongation in 2 in. [50mm], min, % 22
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
Reduction of area, min, % 45
11.1 The forgings shall have a workman-like finish and shall
be free of injurious defects.
higher temperature is specified in accordance with Supplemen-
12. Number of Tests and Retests
tary Requirement S2. Each test shall consist of three specimens
12.1 At least one tension test and one set of impact tests
and each specimen shall have a lateral expansion opposite the
(three specimens) shall be made from each heat in each
notch of not less than 0.015 in. [15 mils] [0.38 mm].
heat-treatment charge, subject to the provisions of 13.5.
7.2 The values of energy absorption in footpounds (or
12.2 If any test specimens fail due to mechanical causes,
joules) and the fracture appearance in percent shear shall be
such as testing-equipment failure or improper specimen prepa-
recorded and reported for information.
ration, the specimens may be discarded and replacement
8. Heat Treatment
specimens shall be considered as original tests.
8.1 The forgings shall be heat treated by the manufacturer
12.3 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform to
by either of the following methods as mutually agreed upon the specified requirements, the manufacturer may retreat the
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
forgings, but not more than three additional times. Retests shall
8.1.1 Quenched and Tempered—Heat to a uniform tempera- be made in accordance with this section.
ture of 1475 6 25°F [800 6 15°C]; hold at this temperature for
12.4 If the percentage elongation of any tension test speci-
a minimum time of 1 h/in. (2.4 min/mm) of thickness but in no men is less than that prescribed in Table 2 and any part of the
case less than 30 min; quench by immersion in circulating
fracture is outside the middle half of the gage length, a retest
water. Reheat until the forging attains a uniform temperature shall be allowed.
within the range from 1050 to 1125°F [565 to 605°C]; hold at 12.5 If the results of mechanical tests do not conform to the
this temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. of thickness but specified requirements because a flaw develops in the test
in no case less than 30 min; cool in air or water quench, at a specimen, a retest shall be allowed if the defect is not caused
rate not less than 300°F [165°C]/h. by ruptures, cracks, or flakes in the steel.
8.1.2 Double Normalized and Tempered— Heat to a uni- 12.6 If the result from a test on one Charpy impact specimen
form temperature of 1650°F [900°C]; hold at this temperature from a set is below 0.015 in. [0.38 mm] in lateral expansion but
for a minimum time of 1 h/in. (2.4 min/mm) of thickness but not below 0.010 in. [0.25 mm] and the average test result on
in no case less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat until the forging the set of specimens equals or exceeds 0.015 in. [0.38 mm],
attains a uniform temperature of 1450°F [790°C]; hold at this one retest of three additional specimens may be made. Each of
temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. of thickness but in the test results on the retested specimens shall equal or exceed
no case less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat to a uniform 0.015 in. [0.38 mm].
temperature within the range from 1050 to 1125°F [565 to
13. Test Specime
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