ASTM C42/C42M-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides standardized procedures for obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low strength test results during construction or signs of distress in the structure. Another use of this method is to provide strength information on older structures.
Concrete strength is affected by the location of the concrete in a structural element, with the concrete at the bottom tending to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the horizontal plane of the concrete as placed, with strength tending to be lower when measured parallel to the horizontal plane. These factors shall be considered in planning the locations for obtaining concrete samples and in comparing strength test results.
The strength of concrete measured by tests of cores is affected by the amount and distribution of moisture in the specimen at the time of test. There is no standard procedure to condition a specimen that will ensure that, at the time of test, it will be in the identical moisture condition as concrete in the structure. The moisture conditioning procedures in this test method are intended to provide reproducible moisture conditions that minimize within-laboratory and between-laboratory variations and to reduce the effects of moisture introduced during specimen preparation.
There is no universal relationship between the compressive strength of a core and the corresponding compressive strength of standard-cured molded cylinders. The relationship is affected by many factors such as the strength level of the concrete, the in-place temperature and moisture history, and the strength gain characteristics of the concrete. Historically, it has been assumed that core strengths are generally 85 % of the corresponding standard-cured cylinde...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and testing cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive strength or splitting tensile strength determinations.
Note 1—Appendix X1 provides recommendations for obtaining and testing sawed beams for flexural performance.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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American Association State
Designation:C42/C42M–10 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T24
Standard Test Method for
Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C42/C42M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and test-
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in
ing cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive
Hardened Concrete
strength or splitting tensile strength determinations.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
NOTE 1—Appendix X1 provides recommendations for obtaining and
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
testing sawed beams for flexural performance.
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Concrete in Constructions
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Con-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
crete Cylinders
3
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
2.2 ACI Standards:
with the standard.
318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
3. Significance and Use
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
3.1 This test method provides standardized procedures for
as requirements of the standard.
obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
3.2 Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
strength test results during construction or signs of distress in
limitations prior to use.
the structure.Another use of this method is to provide strength
information on older structures.
2. Referenced Documents
3.3 Concrete strength is affected by the location of the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
concreteinastructuralelement,withtheconcreteatthebottom
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
tending to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core
lindrical Concrete Specimens
strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
horizontal plane of the concrete as placed, with strength
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
tending to be lower when measured parallel to the horizontal
4
C174/C174M Test Method for Measuring Thickness of
plane. These factors shall be considered in planning the
Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores
locations for obtaining concrete samples and in comparing
C496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of
strength test results.
3.4 The strength of concrete measured by tests of cores is
affected by the amount and distribution of moisture in the
1 specimen at the time of test. There is no standard procedure to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
condition a specimen that will ensure that, at the time of test,
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.61 on Testing for Strength.
it will be in the identical moisture condition as concrete in the
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C42/C42M–04. DOI:
10.1520/C0042_C0042M-10.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Neville, A., “Core Tests: Easy to Perform, Not Easy to Interpret,” Concrete
the ASTM website. International, Vol. 23, No. 11, November 2001, pp. 59-68.
*A Summary
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
American Association State
Designation:C42/C42M–04 Designation:C42/C42M–10 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T24
Standard Test Method for
Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C42/C42M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and testing (1) cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive strength
or splitting tensile strength determinations and (2) beams sawed from concrete determinations.
NOTE 1—Appendix X1 provides recommendations for obtaining and testing sawed beams for flexural strength determinations. performance.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units shall are to be regarded separately as standard. SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustshall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C174/C174M Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores
C496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete
Cylinders
3
2.2 ACI Standards:
318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method provides standardized procedures for obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive,
splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
3.2 Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low strength test
results during construction or signs of distress in the structure. Another use of this method is to provide strength information on
older structures.
3.3 Concrete strength is affected by the location of the concrete in a structural element, with the concrete at the bottom tending
to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the horizontal plane of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on
Testing for Strength.
Current edition approved July 1, 2004.June 15, 2010. Published July 2004.2010. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as
C42/C42M–03.C42/C42M–04. DOI: 10.1520/C0042_C0042M-104.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
American Association State
Designation:C42/C42M–04 Designation:C42/C42M–10 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T24
Standard Test Method for
Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C42/C42M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and testing (1) cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive strength
or splitting tensile strength determinations and (2) beams sawed from concrete determinations.
NOTE 1—Appendix X1 provides recommendations for obtaining and testing sawed beams for flexural strength determinations. performance.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units shall are to be regarded separately as standard. SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustshall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C174/C174M Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores
C496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete
Cylinders
3
2.2 ACI Standards:
318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method provides standardized procedures for obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive,
splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
3.2 Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low strength test
results during construction or signs of distress in the structure. Another use of this method is to provide strength information on
older structures.
3.3 Concrete strength is affected by the location of the concrete in a structural element, with the concrete at the bottom tending
to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the horizontal plane of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on
Testing for Strength.
Current edition approved July 1, 2004.June 15, 2010. Published July 2004.2010. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as
C42/C42M–03.C42/C42M–04. DOI: 10.1520/C0042_C0042M-104.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----
...
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