ASTM D7416-09(2020)

Standard Practice for Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using a Particular Five-Part (Dielectric Permittivity, Time-Resolved Dielectric Permittivity with Switching Magnetic Fields, Laser Particle Counter, Microscopic Debris Analysis, and Orbital Viscometer) Integrated Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In-plant Oil Analysis—The particular five-part integrated tester practice is primarily used by plant maintenance personnel desiring to perform on-site analysis of as-received and in-service lubricating oils.  
5.2 Detect Common Lubrication Problems—The software application interprets data from integration of multiple sensing technologies to detect common lubrication problems from inadvertent mixing of dissimilar lubricant viscosity grades and from particulate or moisture contamination. The redundant views of ferrous particulates (sensor 2), all particulates larger than 4 μm (sensor 3), and all solid particulates larger than filter patch pore size (patch maker) provides screening for oil wetted mechanical system failure mechanisms from incipient to catastrophic stages.  
5.3 Supported by Off-Site Lab Analysis—The particular five-part integrated tester is normally used in conjunction with an off-site laboratory when exploring the particular nature of an alarming oil sample. An off-site laboratory should be consulted for appropriate additional tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for analysis of in-service lubricant samples using a particular five-part (dielectric permittivity, time-resolved dielectric permittivity with switching magnetic fields, laser particle counter, microscopic debris analysis, and orbital viscometer) integrated tester to assess machine wear, lubrication system contamination, and lubricant dielectric permittivity and viscosity. Analyzed results trigger recommended follow-on actions which might include conducting more precise standard measurements at a laboratory. Wear status, contamination status, and lubricant dielectric permittivity and viscosity status are derived quantitatively from multiple parameters measured.  
1.2 This practice is suitable for testing incoming and in-service lubricating oils in viscosity grades 32 mm2/s at 40 °C to 680 mm2/s at 40 °C having petroleum or synthetic base stock. This practice is intended to be used for testing in-service lubricant samples collected from pumps, electric motors, compressors, turbines, engines, transmissions, gearboxes, crushers, pulverizers, presses, hydraulics and similar machinery applications. This practice addresses operation and standardization to ensure repeatable results.  
1.3 This practice is not intended for use with crude oils.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2020
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.96.07 - Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for In-Service Lubricants

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D341-20e1 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM D341-20 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Referred By: ASTM D7684-11(2020) - Standard Guide for Microscopic Characterization of Particles from In-Service Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Referred By: ASTM D7720-21 - Standard Guide for Statistically Evaluating Measurand Alarm Limits when Using Oil Analysis to Monitor Equipment and Oil for Fitness and Contamination
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7416 − 09 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using a Particular Five-
Part (Dielectric Permittivity, Time-Resolved Dielectric
Permittivity with Switching Magnetic Fields, Laser Particle
Counter, Microscopic Debris Analysis, and Orbital
1
Viscometer) Integrated Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice covers procedures for analysis of in-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
servicelubricantsamplesusingaparticularfive-part(dielectric
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
permittivity, time-resolved dielectric permittivity with switch-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ing magnetic fields, laser particle counter, microscopic debris
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
analysis, and orbital viscometer) integrated tester to assess
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
machine wear, lubrication system contamination, and lubricant
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dielectric permittivity and viscosity. Analyzed results trigger
recommendedfollow-onactionswhichmightincludeconduct-
2. Referenced Documents
ing more precise standard measurements at a laboratory. Wear
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
status, contamination status, and lubricant dielectric permittiv-
ityandviscositystatusarederivedquantitativelyfrommultiple D341Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and
Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
parameters measured.
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
1.2 This practice is suitable for testing incoming and in-
2 and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
servicelubricatingoilsinviscositygrades32mm /sat40°Cto
ity)
2
680mm /s at 40°C having petroleum or synthetic base stock.
D924Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
This practice is intended to be used for testing in-service
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
lubricant samples collected from pumps, electric motors,
cal Insulating Liquids
compressors, turbines, engines, transmissions, gearboxes,
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
crushers, pulverizers, presses, hydraulics and similar machin-
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ery applications. This practice addresses operation and stan-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
dardization to ensure repeatable results.
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 This practice is not intended for use with crude oils.
Petroleum Products
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Petroleum Products
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E617Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision
standard.
Mass Standards
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1951Guide for Calibrating Reticles and Light Microscope
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Magnifications
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D02.96.07 on Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for In-Service
2
Lubricants. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7416–09 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D7416-09R20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7416 − 09 (2020)
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2.2 ISO Standards: 3.2.15 large contaminant droplet (LCont D), n—indication
ISO11171Hydraulicfluidpower—CalibrationofAutomatic reporting
...