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ASTM D341-20e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products

Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for plotting viscosity-temperature charts that ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or liquid hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range, provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are known.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers kinematic viscosity-temperature equations and charts (see Figs. 1-3), which are a convenient means to ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or liquid hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range, provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are known.
FIG. 1 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I High Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)  
FIG. 2 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I Medium Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)  
FIG. 3 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I Low Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)  
1.2 The charts are designed to permit petroleum oil kinematic viscosity-temperature data to plot as a straight line. The charts have been derived from the equations shown in Section 5. The charts here presented provide a significant improvement in linearity over the charts previously available under Method D341 – 03. This increases the reliability of extrapolation to higher temperatures.  
1.3 The values provided in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2020
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.07 - Flow Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D341-20 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D5133-20a - Standard Test Method for Low Temperature, Low Shear Rate, Viscosity/Temperature Dependence of Lubricating Oils Using a Temperature-Scanning Technique
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D8210-22 - Standard Test Method for Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7042-21a - Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D2983-22 - Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7110-21 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity-Temperature Relationship of Used and Soot-Containing Engine Oils at Low Temperatures
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7416-09(2020) - Standard Practice for Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using a Particular Five-Part (Dielectric Permittivity, Time-Resolved Dielectric Permittivity with Switching Magnetic Fields, Laser Particle Counter, Microscopic Debris Analysis, and Orbital Viscometer) Integrated Tester
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D6074-15(2022) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D2170/D2170M-22 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7945-21a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Constant Pressure Viscometer
Effective Date
01-May-2020

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ASTM D341-20e1 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon ProductsASTM D341-20e1 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
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ASTM D341-20e1 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D341 − 20
Standard Practice for
Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid
1
Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially removed adjunct information in August 2020.
multiple temperatures is applicable to D341. Some examples are given
1. Scope*
below.
1.1 This practice covers kinematic viscosity-temperature
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
equations and charts (see Figs. 1-3), which are a convenient
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
means to ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or
ity)
liquid hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range,
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
known.
Kinematic Viscosity)
1.2 The charts are designed to permit petroleum oil kine- D7279 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
matic viscosity-temperature data to plot as a straight line. The
charts have been derived from the equations shown in Section
3. Method Limitations
5.The charts here presented provide a significant improvement
in linearity over the charts previously available under Method
3.1 Warning—The charts should be used only in that range
D341 – 03. This increases the reliability of extrapolation to
inwhichthehydrocarbonorpetroleumfluidsarehomogeneous
higher temperatures.
liquids. The suggested range is thus between the cloud point at
low temperatures and the initial boiling point at higher tem-
1.3 The values provided in SI units are to be regarded as
peratures. The charts provide improved linearity in both low
standard.
kinematic viscosity and at temperatures up to 340 °C (approxi-
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are pro-
mately 650 °F) or higher. Some high-boiling point materials
vided for information only.
can show a small deviation from a straight line as low as
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
280 °C (approximately 550 °F), depending on the individual
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
sample or accuracy of the data. Reliable data can be usefully
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
plotted in the high temperature region even if it does exhibit
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
some curvature. Extrapolations into such regions from lower
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
temperatures will lack accuracy, however. Experimental data
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
taken below the cloud point or temperature of crystal growth
will generally not be of reliable repeatability for interpolation
2. Referenced Documents
or extrapolation on the charts. It should also be emphasized
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
that fluids other than hydrocarbons will usually not plot as a
straight line on these charts.
NOTE 1—Any ASTM standard that measures kinematic viscosity at
3.2 These charts are derived from the equations shown in
Section 5 and are applicable over the following ranges:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Fig. 1 0.30 cSt to 20 000 000 cSt and –70 °C to 370 °C
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and are the direct responsibility of
Fig. 2 1.50 cSt to 200 000 cSt and –40 °C to 150 °C
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Fig. 3 0.18 cSt to 7.0 cSt and –70 °C to 370 °C
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D341 – 17. DOI:
4. Procedure for Use of the Charts
10.1520/D0341-20E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 Plot two known kinematic viscosity-temperature points
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
onthechart.Drawasharplydefinedstraightlinethroughthem.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. A point on this line, within the range defined in Section 3,
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B
...

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1.1 This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products and liquid fuels using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with or without oxygenates (see Note 1), aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 30 % volume, marine fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels.
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